八年级下Unit4HesaidIwashardworking.docx

1、八年级下Unit4HesaidIwashardworkingUnit 4 He said I was hard-working.主备：李云彩（黄鱼圈中学）校对：一、教材分析本单元通过转述别人的话学习直接引语和间接引语，并通过“看肥皂剧转述剧中人的话和向家长转述老师对自己的评价”这些练习活动，来理解和掌握直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规律。培养学生学会利用精读和泛读，并能根据上下文推测生词的阅读策略。提高学生灵活理解和运用词汇的能力，激发和培养学生热爱学习和乐于助人的品质。二、目标引导（一）重点词汇message,village,area,meter,decision,husband,start,

2、influence, hometown,danger, suppose,copy,ate,return, nervous,true,lucky,own,poor,thin.（二）重点短语1have a surprise party 举办一个惊喜的聚2be/get mad at/with sb.生某人的气3notany more 不再4bring sth. to sw. /sb.把某物带到某地/某人5direct speech 直接引语6reported speech 间接引语7first of all 首先8call sb.给某人打电话9do a homework project work o

3、n a homework project 做家庭作业10at ones house doing a homework project在家做作业11pass sth. to sb. pass sb.sth.把传递给12pass on 传递 pass sth. on to sb. 把传递给13be supposed to do sth.被期望或被要求14do better in在方面做得更好15be in good health 身体健康16finish my endofyear exams 结束年终考试17report card 成绩单18get nervous 变得紧张19in the mai

4、l 在邮件中20have a really hard time with science自然课学得很吃力21be surprised to do sth.做感到很吃惊22help sb. do/with sth.帮助某人做某事23have a big fight 打了一大架24talk to sb. 跟某人说话25have a fight 打架26start a bad habit 养成/开始坏习惯27Im sure that 我确信28get over 克服29in a poor mountain village 在一个贫穷的山村30sound like fun to sb.对你来说听起来是

5、件趣事 may not sound like fun to sb.或许不是你的兴趣所在31on a oneyear program 在为期一年的援助计划中32the Ministry Education 教育部33Chinese Young Pioneers 中国少年先锋队34sea level 海平面35agree with sb.同意的观点36open up ones eyes 打开的眼界/拓展学生的视野37make sb. do sth.使得某人做某事38care for 照料、照顾39doctors without borders 没有国界的医生40wild animals in da

6、nger 处于危险中的野生动物 （三）重点句型1She said she was mad at Marcia.2She said she was having a surprise party for Lana onFriday night.3He told me he would call me tomorrow.4She said she could speak three languages.5It all started when she asked me if she could copy my homework.6I asked her why she wanted to do t

7、hat.（四）语法： 现在完成进行时直接引语和间接引语（Direct speech and reported speech）（五）话题学会转述别人的话三、重难点解读1She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.她说她准备在周五的晚上为拉娜举办一个惊喜聚会。（1）这是一个宾语从句，也是间接引语，主句用过去进行时，从句也要用过去的某种时态。此句中用过去进行时表示过去将来时。（2）surprise 在第二单元作为动词出现，在此句中是名词作定语，表示“惊讶、惊喜、出乎意料”的含义。常见的短语to ones surp

8、rise,in surprise,be surprised at sth.2Lana said she wasnt mad at Marcia anymore.（1）be mad at/with sb. 生某人的气Shes mad at me for being late.她因我迟到而生气。（2）be mad about 因某事生气Were all mad about the noise.（3）mad 还有“疯狂的，着迷的”eg:You must be mad to drive so fast!你开的这样快，简直疯了。They are mad about football. 他们对足球很着迷。

9、 （4）anymore 是副词，常用于否定句和疑问句中，相当于any more表示（不）再，再也不。 They dont live here anymore.Do they make this model anymore？3I will bring some drinks and snacks to your house. 我会带一些饮料和天使到你家。（1）bring“带来”指带到说话者处 eg:My friend Bob came to my party and brought me a present.（2）take 带（拿）走，指从说话人处拿走4First of all,Marcia t

10、old Ben she was having a surprise party for Lana.首先，玛西娅告诉本她打算为拉娜举办惊喜聚会。（1）first of all 意为“首先”。eg:First of all,let me tell you the news.（2）近义词组at first ,at the beginning 起初，起先，开始与后来发生的事相对照。At First，I didnt want to go, but soon I changed my mind. 5However，Marcia called everyone。然而，玛西娅却给每个人打电话。（1）howev

11、er 是副词，意为“可是，不过，仍然”可用在句首、句中、和句尾。使用时必须用逗号隔开。在意思上于but差不多，但语气较but委婉，两者不可同时使用，however作为副词，不能连接两个分句，而but可作连词，能连接两个分句。eg:My room is small. Its very comfortable, however.6B and C are at Bs house doing a homework project.Doing a homework project 是动词-ing 形式，用来做伴随状语。eg:They sat in front of their house laughin

12、g and chatting.7Pass on the message.传一下这个信息。（1）pass on中“on”是副词，表示“继续传递，接着传递”强调动作发生的连续性，通常传递的动作时在多人之间进行，如果仅是两人之间的一次性传递，就不必用on。Ill read the book after you,and then I will pass it on to Lucy.Tom passed on the stick to Mike.8C borrowed your jacket and didnt return it.（1）return=give back 归还 eg:Im going t

13、o the library to return my book.（2）return =come/go back 回来，返回 eg:My father went to Changchun yesterday and hell return in five days.9Youre supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.你本应该今天早晨在汽车站还它。（1）be supposed to do sth. 是一个被动结构，表示按照规则、规律或约定“应该、应当、理应”去做某事，后接动词不定式。eg:Were supposed t

14、o clean our classroom every day.（2）suppose作“想、认为”解，相当于think，否定从句在主句处否定。I dont suppose you are right.10I can do better in math.我数学方面学的比较好。原级是do well in =be good at擅长于在某方面做得好11I hope that Grandpa is well now.我希望爷爷现在身体健康。（1）well 在本句中作形容词，表示“健康的，身体好”How are you? Im very well.Thanks.（2）well 还可作副词，意为“好地”R

15、unning star eats well.12Im sorry to hear that he had a bad cold last week.（1）be sorry to do sth 对感到难过/抱歉Im sorry to tell you that I cant go to school.（2）be sorry for sth/doing sth.因而抱歉/遗憾 eg:Mary is sorry for being late.13be in good health=be health =be well =have/enjoy good health 身体健康14I had a rea

16、lly hard time with science this semester.这学期我学习科学很吃力。（1）have a hard time 的同意短语有：have trouble/difficulty其后常加with短语或（in）+v-ing形式，意为“在某方面有麻烦/困难或有一段很苦的时间。eg:John had a hard time speaking English.（2）它的相反短语是have a good time/have fun 其后也可接相同的形式。eg:They had fun hiking in the mountain.15Another disappointing

17、 result was in history.（1）disappointing adj. “令人失望的“通常用来形容一件事或一种情况。eg:The result of the match was disappointing.（2）disappointing 是由动词disappoint加后缀ing变来的，其后还可加后缀ed变成形容词，用来形容人。be disappointed at/about sth. 对某事失望eg:My English teacher is disappointed at my writing.（3）我们学习的很多动词都可以变成常有的形容词，它的现在分词形式常指一件事或一

18、种情况；它的过去分词形式常指人。eg:exciteexcitingexcited interestinterestinginterestedsurprisesurprisingsurprised boreboringbored etc.16I asked her why she wanted to do that and she said that she had forgotten to do hers.我问她为什么她想那样做，她说她忘了做她自己的作业了。（1）why she wanted to do that是一个从句，作asked 的宾语。在宾语从句中，从句必须用陈述语序。（2）she

19、had forgotten to do hers 也是一个宾语从句。had forgotten是过去完成时，表示动作发生在she said 这一动作前。即“过去的过去”。还因为它是受主句是“一般过去时”的影响 。（3）forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事（尚未做）”，forget doing sth.。意为“忘记做过某事（已做过）”。17I said it would start a bad habit.我说那会养成坏习惯。 （1）would start 构成过去将来时，这是受主句谓语动词said的影响，否则应该用一般将来时。（2）habit n. 常与of +ving连用，意

20、为“的习惯”。 eg: She has a good habit of learning English.18get over 克服/战胜（困难、情绪）。 eg:When you answer the teachers questions,you must get over your nervousness.19ownadj.&pron.自己的eg:She should do her own homework.(adj.)The computer is her own.(pron.)own还可作动词用，意为“拥有”eg:I want to own a new computer.它后可加后缀er

21、变成名词owner（拥有者）20change v.改变，变更，变换eg:She changed her mind.n.变化，改变 eg: Great changes took place in my village last year.21poor. adj.（1）贫穷的，贫困的。eg:My family used to be poor.反义词为rich.（2）质量差的，可怜的。eg: Paul is in very poor health.My English is poor.（3）the poor 意为“穷人，贫民”22graduate（1）n.（大学）毕业生eg:She is a gra

22、duate of LondonUniversity. John is a high-school graduate.（2）v.毕业，取得学位eg:Her sister graduated in History from CambridgeUniversity.23, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.（1）thin adj. 比较级thinner, 最高级thinnest,稀薄的，稀疏的，薄的，反义词为thick。 eg: a thin book,a thin sauce瘦的，反义词为fat/heavy eg:You need to ea

23、t more.Youre too thin!（2）make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事，make后接省略“to”的不定式即动词原形作宾语补足语。24above prep.在的上方，表示不接触物体表面，常与表示温度、海拔、价格的词等连用，意为“超过”。 eg:I saw the moon above the building. （在上） The price of the ticket is above 100 yuan. （超过）25decision n.决定，决心 （1）make a decision （2）decide. v.决定eg: They decided to trave

24、l to Australia.26care for（1） 照料，照顾相当于look after/take care ofcare n. 照顾，照料 eg: All the children in their care were healthy and happy.v. 关心，介意 eg: I dont care what you do.（2）喜欢，需求 eg:I dont care for baseball.27Danger n.危险，反义词为safety，in danger 处于危险中 out of danger脱离危险dangerous adj.危险的，反义词为safeeg:Its dan

25、gerous to swim alone in the river.【语法归纳】直接引语和间接引语 引述别人的话，一般采用两种方式：一是直接引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，叫做直接引语；二是用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的话不放在引号内，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。1直接引语改为间接引语时，都要使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，变成间接引语时所用的连词要调整。【1】直接引语时陈述句，变成间接引语时由连词that引导，that 也可省略。She says,“I like being with you.”She says（that）she likes being with us.【

26、2】直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时由连词if或whether引导。（if 可与 or not 连用，whether不能）He asked me,“Do you go to school by bike?”He asked me if/whether I went to school by bike.【3】直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时由相应的疑问词引导，eg： who,whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where等。My mother asked me,“When do you come home?”My mother asked me when I cam

27、e home.【4】直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前面加tell,ask,order的宾语。“Listen to me carefully.”the teacher said.The teacher told us to listen to her/himMy sister asked me,“Dont play the music too loud.”My sister asked me not to play the music too loud.【注】若是祈使句的否定式，变间接引语时在动词不定式前加not.2直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变

28、成宾语从句外，还要对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行适当的变化。【1】时态的变化：如果主句谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句时态无需变化；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要做相应的变化。My father often says,“You do your homework after supper.”My father often says that you do your homework after supper.She said,“The books on the table are mine.”She said th

29、at the books on the table were hers.Wang Ming said,“Ill do it in a minute.”Wang Ming said that he would do it in a minute.（1）一般现在时 一般过去时（2）现在进行时 过去进行时（3）一般将来时 过去将来时（4）现在完成时 过去完成时（这个时态还没有学习，现在可以不做介绍）【注】直接引语是客观事实、真理，变成间接引语时，时态不变。The teacher said,“Light travels faster than sound.”The teacher said that

30、light travels faster than sound.【2】人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语也需进行相应变化。 直接引语 间接引语指示代词thisthese that those时间状语nowtodayyesterdaylast weektomorrownext yeara few years ago then that day the day before the week before the next day the next year a few days before地点状语here there四、中考展示单项选择( ) 1-Did Mrs King leave a message? （2009 江苏南京）-Yes. She wanted to know_ this Sunday.A. who you would go shopping B. if you would go shopping with herC. that you will go shopping D. when will you go shopping with her( ) 2We are going for a picnic tomorrow. I will call Wendy to make sure_.（2008 河北）