21高考英语北师大一轮复习课后达标检测1 nittorie 含答案.docx

1、21高考英语北师大一轮复习课后达标检测1 nit torie 含答案课时练12篇阅读1篇完形 阅读理解A(2020太原模拟)Fairy tales perform many functions. They entertain, encourage imagination and teach problemsolving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist i

2、n harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.The collected stories of different cult

3、ures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest

4、names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. This system is called “Quixote”. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human

5、who needs to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line; it can interact with the storekeeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives(指示), the robot will come to the conclusion that th

6、e most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robot will learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.Quixote would work best on a robot that h

7、as a very limited function. Its a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand

8、our stories may be the most efficient means.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子们，还能让机器人拥有道德观念，使其更好地为人类服务。1What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?AThey entertain robots.BThey highlight dangers.CThey make robots more intelligent.DThey enable robots to behave morally.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it has found

9、a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。2What is “Quixote” in the text?AA punishment system.BA character in literature.CA big name in technology.DA kind of software educating robots.D

10、解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“This system is called Quixote. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.”可知，这个系统被称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事情节，然后用这些故事来教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的软件，故D项正确。3What does the designer expect robots to do in the experiment?ATo

11、take advantage of its privilege.BTo finish the task most efficiently.CTo perform in a wellmannered way.DTo be rewarded by the storekeeper.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior

12、.”可推知，设计者希望机器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。4Which of the following can best express the authors opinion?ARobots will definitely have more functions.BRobots with humans emotions are perfect.CTraining robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.DThe development of robots is still in a baby step.C解析：观点态度题。根据

13、第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior.”可知，我们认为人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力避免不可接受的行为。据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规范是必要的，故C项正确。B(2020昆明教学质量检测)Fiveyearold Prisilla Perez, a student at Meador Elemen

14、tary School in Willis, was unhappy with her recent haircut, which resulted from a severe disease. When students in her class started calling Prisilla a boy, she felt ashamed, often crying and losing focus in school.Her teacher, Shannon Grimm, sympathized with her unhappiness. Grimm and Prisillas mom

15、 were concerned, but their ideas didnt work. “We had classroom discussions about how girls have short hair and boys have long hair, and I showed them photos of movie stars with different looks，” Grimm said, “However, it wasnt sinking in.”Grimm thought about Prisilla throughout the winter break, and

16、one morning, she had an idea: Cut off her haira scary thought for Grimm, who wore her hair long and took pride in it. “Ive never had short hair, and I stressed about it for two weeks before making a decision，” she said. On Jan. 4, Grimm invited a hairstylist friend to her home. “I told him to keep g

17、oing, even if I cried，” she said.The class loved their teachers new do, especially Prisilla, who excitedly ran off the school bus that afternoon yelling, “Mom, Ms.Grimm cut her hair！” The teacher also bought matching bows for herself and the girl, so they could style their hair together.In February,

18、 the teacher recommended Prisilla for the school districts Student of the Month Award, but during the Monday ceremony, she received a surprise “hero medal” from the girl. “Now we have matching awards，” says Grimm.Prisillas mother, Maria, said that Grimms thoughtfulness brought her to tears. “I was s

19、hocked. I was crying. I couldnt believe itshe did something that I wouldnt have the bravery to do. I will never forget that.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Grimm老师剪短头发以帮助学生Prisilla的故事。5Why was Prisilla unhappy at school?AShe wasnt satisfied with her teacher.BShe couldnt concentrate in class.CShe was laughed at

20、 by her classmates.DShe couldnt get on well with others.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“When students in her class started calling Prisilla a boy, she felt ashamed, often crying and losing focus in school.”可知，Prisilla在学校不开心是因为她被同学嘲笑。6What made Grimm have her own hair cut?APraise from her students.BDevotion to he

21、r students.CRequest of Prisillas mother.DSuggestion from the hairstylist.B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“Grimm thought about Prisilla.she had an idea: Cut off her hair”可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，为了安慰Prisilla, Grimm老师决定把自己的头发剪短。由此可推知，Grimm老师出于对学生的关爱才剪短了头发。7What can we know about Grimm?AShe had her hair cut toget

22、her with Prisilla.BShe expressed her sincere thanks to her pupils.CShe hesitated a lot before having her hair cut.DShe won a gold medal for facing difficulties bravely.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“Ive never had short hair, and I stressed about it for two weeks before making a decision”可知，Grimm老师剪短头发之前很犹豫。8W

23、hat is the text mainly about?AHow Grimm helped her student out.BWhat problem Prisilla had at school.CWhy Prisilla won the Month Award.DWhen Grimm got her new hairstyle.A解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，她在学校很不开心，Grimm老师为了帮助、安慰她而剪短了自己的头发，故A项最能概括文章大意。 完形填空(2020合肥高三联考)I got on the bus to go to schoo

24、l as normally do. Today, however, was quite _1_As we approached the next stop, a little girl got on.She _2_ her wallet to find the $2 to pay the driver, but I could _3_ by her expression that she didnt have the correct _4_. Therefore, I stood up, took out $2 from my wallet, and paid _5_ the girl.The

25、n I walked back and sat down.The girl _6_ me, sitting down next to me.She said “thank you” in a sweet little voice and we began to chat.I found out that she was trying to get to State Street.I felt _7_ to think about a girl in such a young age _8_ around in the city with no money or guardian.When my

26、 _9_ approached, I instructed her to get off with me and she agreed.As we got to the _10_， the little girl took my hand, and I _11_ her across the street to safety. _12_， I had some spare time, so I _13_ the girl to State Street, gave her $5, told her how to get home, and said goodbye. As I _14_ out

27、 my hand to shake, she ran to me and gave me the biggest and _15_ hug.We waved each other goodbye and she looked at me with the sweetest blue eyes, and then she skipped away _16_ the street. Although my new friend, Emily, was just a 9yearold girl, she gave me _17_ that will take her many years to un

28、derstand.As we hugged, none of us said a word; _18_ , I knew that our hearts had met and a _19_ was made.No age can limit the _20_ of ones heart or the love that they can give.【解题导语】作者热心帮助了一个在公交车上遇到的小女孩，小女孩给了他大大的拥抱。作者感悟到任何年龄都不能限制一个人内心的力量或他们所能给予的爱。1A.frightening BdisappointingCdifferent DcrazyC解析：根据句

29、中however表示转折可知今天与以往不同，下文叙述了事情经过。故选C项。frightening令人恐惧的；disappointing令人失望的；different不同的；crazy疯狂的。2A.observed BtouchedCpresented DsearchedD解析：根据空后“her wallet to find the $2”可知女孩上车后从钱包里找钱付车费，根据当时情境可知选D项。 observe观察；touch触摸；present提出；search寻找。3A.tell BhearCimagine DbaseA解析：女孩的表情告诉“我”她没有正好的钱付车费，指从她的表情看出。故选

30、A项。4A.ticket BaccessCpermit DfareD解析：此处指女孩没有正好的钱付车费，指车费。故选D项。5A.for BoffCback DtoA解析：pay for sb.指为某人付款，此处指“我”为女孩付了车费。故选A项。6A.followed BpushedCnoticed DexcusedA解析：“我”为女孩付车费后，女孩跟随“我”，然后坐在了“我”旁边表示感谢。故选A项。7A.tired BboredCtroubled DinspiredC解析：根据句中“around in the city with no money or guardian”可知作者对这个小女孩没

31、有钱和监护人自己在城市坐车感到不安，根据常识选C项。tired疲倦的；bored无聊的； troubled不安的； inspired能力卓越的。8A.chatting BlookingCplaying DwanderingD解析：此处指女孩自己在城市里坐车闲逛，wander around徘徊，闲逛。故选D项。9A.company BstoreCcenter DstopD解析：根据下句“get off with me”可知是作者到站了。故选D项。10A.corner BcrossroadsCdestination DshopB解析：根据“across the street to safety”可知他们走到十字路口过马路。故选B项。11A.made BhurriedCled DfreedC解析：此处指作者带领小女孩安全过马路，故选C项。12A.Usually BLuckilyCGenerally DPersonallyB解析：幸好“我”有些空闲时间，所以“我”陪伴小女孩去她的目的地，表示“幸运的是”。故选B项。13A.accompanied BtreatedCinvited DinstructedA解析：此处表示“我”有时间，所以陪伴女孩去她的目的地，指陪伴女孩。故选A项。14A