剑桥初级语法整理笔记.docx

1、剑桥初级语法整理笔记现在时3、现在进行时：I am doing以下动词不可用于现在进行时：likelovewantknowunderstandrememberdependpreferhateneedmeanbelieveforget4、现在进行时的疑问式：Are you doing?5、一般现在时：I do/work/like等一般现在时用来表示一般性的事实、有时或经常发生的事情：I like big cities.Always/never/often/usually/sometimes常与一般现在时连用：I never eat breakfast.6、一般现在时的否定式：I dont/he

2、doesnt + 动词原形I dont have a bath every day.【every day 表每天，作状语; everyday 表每天的，形容词】7、一般现在时的疑问式：Do you?Do/does主语动词原形Doyouworkon SundaysDoyour friendslivenear hereDoesAnneplaytennisWheredoYour friendsliveHow oftendoyouwashyour hairWhatdoesThis wordmeanHow muchdoesitcostto fly to Rome*What do you do? 表示“你

3、是做什么工作的？”8、have/have got（1）have=have gothas=has gotDont have=havent gotDoesnt have=hasnt gotDo you have=have you gotDoes he have=has he got（2）have 表“吃、喝、拿”时，不能用have got代替havehave breakfast/lunch/dinnerhave a meal/a pizza/a sandwichhave a cup of coffeehave sth to eat/drink（3）下列短语中，要用havehavehave a ba

4、th/a showerhave a rest/a holiday/a partyhave a nice time/a good trip/funhave a walk/a swim/a gamehave a dream/an accidenthave a babyhave a look15、现在完成时（1）have done（2）just/already/yetJust表“刚才”：weve just arrived.Already表“已经”（在预料之前）：theyve already arrived. （=before you expected）Yet表“直到现在”（用于否定句和疑问句中）：t

5、hey havent arrived yet.（3）现在完成时与ever（用于疑问句中）/never连用：Have you ever played golf？（4）gone表“去而未归”：she has gone to China. Been表“去而已归”：he has been to China.（5）How long have you?She has been in Ireland since Monday/for three days.一般现在时现在完成时Dan and Kate are married.They have been married for four years.Are

6、you married?How long have you been married?现在进行时现在完成进行时Im learning English.How long have you been learning English?25、what are you doing tomorrow?I am doing something tomorrow 表示“我已经安排好明天要做某事/我计划明天做某事”I am going to do something.同上（be going to 与 will 的区别）注意：用一般现在时表示时间表、节目单、火车与公共汽车时刻表等：The train arriv

7、es at 7.30.27、will/shall（1） I shall =I will、we shall=we will ：I shall be late tomorrow. = I will be late tomorrow.在构成将来时的时候，不可将shall与you/they/it/he/she等非第一人称连用：Tom will be late. (而不能 Tom shall be late.)（2）Ill 表“提议或决定做某事”:Ill phone you tomorrow.I think Ill/I dont think Ill表“决定做某事”：I think Ill go to b

8、ed early tonight.（3）Shall I/Shall we? 表“你认为好吗？”28、might=may29、can/could：could为过去式30、must/mustnt/dont need to（1）表示过去时，用had to而不用must：We had to walk home last night.（2）dont need to = dont have to31、should（1）I thinkshould/I dont think.should/do you thinkshould?（2）ought to =should32、I have to（1）表过去时，用ha

9、d to（2）表示认为有必要做某事或提出个人看法时，must或have to都可以不是表个人看法时，只能用have to：Eg: You cant park your car here for nothing. You have to pay. （非个人看法） Its a fantastic film. You must see it./You have to see it.33、I used to/I didnt used to/did you use to？38、there has been/there have been一般过去时现在完成时There was an accident la

10、st night.Look! Theres been an accident.When we arrived at the theatre, there was a long queue outside.This road is very dangerous. There have been many accidents.Why are those policemen outside the bank?Theres been/there was a robbery. 41、反义疑问句Have you?/are you?/dont you? 表“对某事感兴趣或感到惊奇”：Ive bought a

11、 new car.Oh, have you?记住：前否后肯，前肯后否Its a nice day, isnt it?That isnt your car, is it?42、too/either so am I/neither do I（1）句尾too（肯定）Im happy too.either（否定）Im not happy either.I m happy.So am I(so was he/so do I/so would I)Im notIm not happyNeither am I(可用nor代替neither)I am （2）both+复数名词 either/neither单数

12、名词，谓语动词用单数both（of）theeitherneitherofthese/thosemy/your/Pauls44、疑问句（1）is it?/have you?/do they?why isnt?/why dont?（2）who saw you?/who did you see?（3）以特殊疑问词开头的句子，介词位于句尾：where are you from?（4）whats it like?/what are they like? 表询问某事物的情况新旧、好坏、大小等（5）疑问词whatWhat+名词What time/what size不加名词Whats your name?wh

13、ichWhich+名词（物/人）Which train did you catch?不加名词时，不指代人Which is biggest?howHow+形容词/副词How tall are you?How deep/how heavy/how high/how bigWhat （围更广）Which（选择较少）Whats the capital of Argentina?Which colour do you prefer, pink or yellow?52、不定式与-ing形式动词+不定式wantplandecidetry+to(to work/to do/to be)hopeexpecto

14、fferforgetneedpromiserefuselearn动词+-ingenjoystopsuggest+-ing(doing/working)mindfinish动词+-ing或不定式likelovestartcontinue+-ing/topreferhatebegin55、go togo to workgo to schoolgo to universitygo to hospitalgo to prisongo to bedgo to sleepgo to churchgo to the bank/the theatre/the airportgo homego to the doctor/dentist(be)at work(be)at school(be)at university(be)in hospital(be)in prison(be)in bed(be)in/at church(be)at home