高考英语阅读理解大题培优含详细答案.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解大题培优含详细答案一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 When Shakespeare was twenty-one, he went to London, a very interesting place, to try his fortune. There was the famous London Bridge and St. Pauls Cathedral, and palaces and markets and long streets full of shops. Then, too, there were the daily crowds where could be

2、 seen people from all over the world. Knights, scholars and the highwayman (拦路强盗）or thieves, who had been infamous for their clever robberies, passed by each other. Here, also, were noblemen dressed in gold, from Italy and Spain and France; slaves from Spanish America, sea captains and ministers, so

3、ldiers and servantsall held by chances or interests within the gray walls which circled London, and whose gates gave welcome to as strange a crowd as could be found in the world. Into this curious crowd came Shakespeare, quick to see and eager to learn. And before long all these strange sights were

4、as familiar to him as the faces of his own towns residents. Each one told its story to him so plainly that, as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods, so now he learned men and mens interests that make up the great world. And he learned these lessons so well that when he came to w

5、rite his plays, he made such use of them as no writer ever made before or since; for it is the use of this knowledge of the world, combined with his own genius, that makes Shakespeare the greatest dramatist that has ever lived.（1）What was London like in Shakespeares eyes when he first went there? A.

6、Dirty and small.B.Strange and interesting.C.Infamous and terrible.D.Familiar and modern.（2）Which of the following best describes Shakespeare? A.Shakespeare got inspiration to write from his hometown, London.B.Shakespeare was eager to make friends with the noblemen in London.C.Shakespeare was good at

7、 observing and learning from the daily life.D.Shakespeare became the greatest dramatist owing to his own genius.（3）What does the word one in paragraph 5 refer to? A.Crowd.B.Resident.C.Face.D.Sight.（4）The passage probably comes from_. A.a posterB.a textbookC.an advertisementD.an announcement【答案】 （1）B

8、（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇名人轶事，介绍了文学大师莎士比亚年轻时去到伦敦第一天时遇到 的有趣的事情。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“a very interesting place”和第五段中的“all these strange sights”可知，在Shakespeare的眼中，伦敦是一个有趣而陌生的城市。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第五段可知，Shakespeare来到伦敦不久之后，通过观察和学习了解了伦敦，并适应了那里的生活，由此可推断出，Shakespeare擅长观察日常生活并从中学习。故选C。 （3）考查代词指代。根据第五段中的“as befo

9、re he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods”正如他以前所学到的田野和树林的秘密那样，可知，one指的是像田野和树林一样的景象。故选D。 （4）考查推理判断。本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦的经历，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在一本教材中。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 A few years back I worked in a university building that als

10、o housed a department full of psychologists, all of whom seemed to see us as perfect guinea pigs(豚鼠) for their latest theories. If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, Id cast a careful glance and ask Why? before grabbing the apple pie. So one d

11、ay, when someone from the Psychology Department posted instructions in the bathroom persuading all of us to Think about five things for which youre grateful every day for a week! my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend witho

12、ut so much as the promise of an apple pie. I wandered into the office of Heidi Zetzer, the director of our schools Psychological Services Clinic. Whats with the gratitude thing? I asked. You dont ask an academic questioneven a simple one unless youre prepared for a long answer. Heidi came alive, and

13、 I sat down. Thats when I first heard the term positive psychology. The gratitude thing, as I had called it, was but one small and simple element of the practice. Kind of like training the brain to focus on joy, my friend Heidi explained. Its only a week, she urged. Try it. I did. And guess what? It

14、 worked. Every day for a week, I found five distinct things for which I was thankful. They had to be different every day. I couldnt get away with just being grateful for my wonderful husband. But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspe

15、cts of a certain person each day. Hes a great cook. He always puts our family first. Life will never be perfect. I still see new stories that annoy me. The traffic in my city is maddening. I wish I could speed up my recovery. But with just one simple exercise, Im rediscovering the peace of that old

16、saying: accepting the things I cant change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference. And all it took was a little gratitude.（1）Whats the authors attitude toward the student with desserts? A.Cautious.B.Respectful.C.Indifferent.D.Supportive.（2）Why w

17、as the author doubtful about the instructions? A.Because she thought it wasnt worth the effort.B.Because she didnt like expressing thanks often.C.Because she needed to ask her friend to do it first.D.Because she could do five things every day easily.（3）What does Collie Conoley suggest the author sho

18、uld do? A.Be grateful to her wonderful husband.B.Be thankful for things but not people.C.Be a great cook and put her family first.D.Be specific about what shes thankful for.（4）Whats the best title for the text? A.Dont Be Bothered by Small ThingsB.We Can Change Everything If We WantC.Practicing Grati

19、tude Changed My LifeD.Being Grateful to One Good Person【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，在一个星期的时间里，作者坚持每天都能发现五件她特别感激的事情，而且每天都有所不同。生活永远不会完美。但通过这么一个简单的练习，作者重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的，并且足够明智地知道两者的区别。这只需要一点感激之情。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bear

20、ing desserts and asked me to pick one, Id cast a careful glance and ask Why? before grabbing the apple pie.”如果一个心急的研究生拿着甜点出现在我的办公室，让我挑选一种，在抓苹果派之前，我会仔细地看一眼，然后问“为什么?”可知，作者在抓苹果派之前，会仔细地看一眼，然后问“为什么?”。可知，作者对带甜点的学生持有谨慎的态度。故选A。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things

21、a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.”我的反应坦率地说是怀疑的。我算了算。连续7天每天做5件事，甚至连吃苹果派的承诺都没有，那就太费脑力了。可推知，作者认为对“连续7天每天做5件事”的要求充满怀疑，认为太费脑力、不值得去做。故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my g

22、ratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. Hes a great cook. He always puts our family first.”但是另一位积极心理学家柯利康诺利建议道，我可以每天对一个人的某些方面表达我的感激之情。他是个很棒的厨师。他总是把我们的家庭放在第一位。可知，柯利康诺利建议作者每天对一个人的某些方面表达感激之情。由此可知，柯利康诺利建议作者具体说明她感激什么。故选D。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But with just one simple exercise, Im redisc

23、overing the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I cant change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.”但通过一个简单的练习，我重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的，并且足够明智地知道两者的区别）可知，练习表达感激，改变了作者的观念和生活。由此可知选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读

24、，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Im a storyteller. And I would like to tell you a few personal stories. I grew up reading British and American childrens books. When I began to write, I wrote exactly the kinds of stories I was reading: All my characters were white and blue-eyed, they ate app

25、les and talked a lot about the weather, despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria. We ate mangoes, and we never talked about the weather. Because all I had read were books in which characters were foreign, I had become convinced that books by their very nature had to have foreigners in them. Things c

26、hanged when I discovered African books. Because of writers like Chinua Achebe and Camara Laye, I went through a mental shift in my idea of literature. I realized that people like me, girls with skin the color of chocolate, could also exist in literature. I started to write about things I recognized.

27、 So what the discovery of African writers did for me was this: It saved me from having a single story of what books are. The year I turned eight, we got a new house boy Fide from a nearby rural village. The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very poor. And when I didnt fi

28、nish my dinner, my mother would say，Finish your food! Dont you know? People like Fides family have nothing. So I felt enormous pity for Fides family. Then one Saturday, we went to his village to visit, and his mother showed us a beautifully patterned basket that his brother had made. I was astonishe

29、d. It had not occurred to me that anybody in his family could actually make something. Their poverty was my single story of them. Years later, when I left Nigeria to go to university in the United States, my American roommate asked where I had learned to speak English so well, and was confused when

30、I said that Nigeria happened to have English as its official language. What struck me was this: She had felt sorry for me even before she saw me. My roommate had a single story of Africa: a single story of catastrophe. Of course, Africa is a continent full of catastrophes. But there are other storie

31、s that are not about catastrophe, and it is very important, it is just as important, to talk about them. The consequence of the single story is this: It robs people of dignity. It makes our recognition of our equal humanity difficult. It emphasizes how we are different rather than how we are similar. So what if my mother had told us that Fides