自主学习6答案.docx

1、自主学习6答案自主学习 6Part I Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your

2、choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please write the corresponding letter for each item in the blank. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.If youve lived for long in New York City, chances are youve l

3、ived in several different places. On the map of where we live now is also where we used to live, just across the park, a few subway stops 1)_north or south. That is one of the characteristics of this city-we are 2) _near to our past. Some people move from Ohio to Oregon. We move from 93rd to 13th, f

4、rom Alphabet City to Carroll Gardens, all over town.And what3)_ of the old neighborhood? In one 4)_, nothing. You were only a minor molecule in its chemistry. Go back a week after youve 5)_, and the same dogs are pulling their owners to the park, the same people sitting out. Let enough time pass, an

5、d things become a little ghostly. It begins to feel as though the 6)_has forgotten you, instead of the other way around. When you lived there, nothing changed without your noticing it. Now the changes accumulate unperceived(未被察觉的), and you begin to realize that a part of you has 7)_ into the past.Ne

6、w York is a 8)_ and public city. You can walk past the shops and admire the brownstones. You can hear about the diner that used to be on that corner and what happened that one night. Try as you might to be a tourist in someone elses past, you end up seeing only the present. Thats how the new neighbo

7、rhood looks at first- the one youve just moved to. You 9)_ into the present, and it ages around you until one day you 10)_up with a new old neighborhood.A) aspectF) geographicallyK) neighborhoodB) becomesG) grandL) physicallyC) endH) leftM) senseD) familiarI) liveN) settleE) fartherJ) movedO) vanish

8、ed1-5 EFBMJ 6-10 KOGNCSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.

9、 Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by writing the corresponding letter in the blank.Why Teenagers Really Do Need an Extra Hour in Bed?A) Making teens start school in the morning is cruel , brain doctor claims. So declared a British newspaper headline in 2007 after a talk I

10、 gave at an academic conference. One disbelieving reader responded: This man sounds brain-dead. B) That was a typical reaction to work I was reporting at the time on teenage sleep patterns and their effect on performance at school. Six years on there is growing acceptance that the structure of the a

11、cademic day needs to take account of adolescent sleep patterns. The latest school to adopt a later start time is the UCL Academy in London; others are considering following suit.C) So what are the facts about teenage sleep, and how should society adjust to these needs? The biology of human sleep tim

12、ing, like that of other mammals, changes as we age. This has been shown in many studies. As adolescence begins, bedtimes and waking times get later. This trend continues until 19.5 years in women and 21 in men. Then it reverses. At 55 we wake at about the time we woke prior to adolescence. On averag

13、e this is two hours earlier than adolescents. This means that for a teenager, a 7 a.m. alarm call is the equivalent of a 5 a.m. start for a person in their 50s.D) Precisely why this is so is unclear but the shifts related with changes in hormones (荷尔蒙) at adolescence and the decline in those hormone

14、s as we age. However, biology is only part of the problem. Additional factors include a more relaxed attitude to bedtimes by parents, a general disregard for the importance of sleep, and access to TVs, DVDs, PCs, gaming devices, cell phones and so on, all of which promote alertness and eat into time

15、 available for sleep.E) The amount of sleep teenagers get varies between countries, geographic region and social class, but all studies show they are going to bed later and not getting as much sleep as they need because of early school starts.F) Mary Carskadon at Brown University in Providence, Rhod

16、e Island, who is a pioneer in the area of adolescent sleep, has shown that teenagers need about 9 hours a night to maintain full alertness and academic performance. My own recent observations at a UK school in Liverpool suggested many were getting just 5 hours on a school night. Unsurprisingly, teac

17、hers reported students dozing in class.G) Evidence that sleep is important is overwhelming. Elegant research has demonstrated its critical role in memory improvement and our ability to generate wise solutions to complex problems. Sleep disruption may increase the level of the stress. Excited behavio

18、rs, lack of empathy, sense of humor and mood are similarly affected. All in all, a tired adolescent is a moody, insensitive, angry and stressed one. Perhaps less obviously, sleep loss is associated with metabolic (新陈代谢的) changes. Long-term lack of sleep might be an important factor for negative cond

19、itions such as diabetes (糖尿病), overweight and high blood pressure.H) Adolescents are increasingly using stimulants to compensate for sleep loss, and caffeinated (含咖啡咽的) and/or sugary drinks are the usual choice. So a caffeinated drink late in the day delays sleep at night. Tiredness also increases t

20、he likelihood of taking up smoking.I) In the US, the observation that teenagers have biologically delayed sleep patterns compared to adults prompted several schools to put back the start of the school day. An analysis of the impact by Kyla Wahlstrom at the University of Minnesota found that academic

21、 performance was enhanced, as was attendance. Sleeping in class declined, as did self-reported depression. In the UK, Monkseaton High School near Newcastle instituted a 10 am start in 2009 and saw a progress in academic performance.J) However, a later start by itself is not enough. Society in genera

22、l, and teenagers in particular, must start to take sleep seriously. Sleep is not a luxury but a fundamental biological need, enhancing creativity, productivity, mood and the ability to interact with others.K) If you are dependent upon an alarm clock, or parent, to get you out of bed ; if you take a

23、long time to wake up; if you feel sleepy and impatient during the day; ff your behavior is overly impulsive, it means you are probably not getting enough sleep. Take control. Ensure the bedroom is a place that promotes sleep-dark and not too warm-dont text, use a computer or watch TV for at least ha

24、lf an hour before trying to sleep avoid bright lights. Try not to nap during the day, and seek out natural light in the morning to adjust the body clock and sleep patterns to an earlier time. Avoid caffeinated drinks after lunch.L) It is my strongly held View, based upon the evidence, that the effor

25、ts of dedicated (专注的，投入的) teachers and the money spent on school facilities will have a greater impact and education will be more rewarding when, collectively, teenagers, parents, teachers and school governors start to take sleep seriously. In the universal language of school reports: we must do bet

26、ter.11. In the US and UK, several schools that have delayed the start of the school day witnessed a progress in academic performance.12. Nap is not favored as it may prohibit teens from adjusting the body clock to an earlier time.13. The hormones in human body decrease step by step as people get old

27、er.14. The author has found in his recent observations that teens need to sleep for longer hours on a school night.15. Education can be more rewarding when the students sleep is taken seriously.16. A tiring adolescent usually takes caffeinated drinks as a compensation for sleep loss.17. Geographic r

28、egion together with social class and nationality may lead to sleep differences among teenagers.18. The general public didnt believe fire teens sleep patterns illustrated by a brain doctor.19. Sleep loss not only will do harm to teenagers mental and emotional state but also potentially threaten their

29、 physical fitness.20. The sleeping patterns of human and those of other mammals vary with age.11-15 IKDFL 16-20 HEAGCSection CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),

30、C), D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter in the blank.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.With the unemployment rate topping 8% and the government $16 trillion in debt, its easy to question why taxpayers are spending $ 2.5 billion o

31、n an SUV- sized Mars rover (探测车) named Curiosity, which landed successfully on the red planet in the early hours of Monday. Couldnt this money go toward something closer to home, such as providing shelter for the homeless or building roads? Yes, it could. But this kind of thinking is shortsighted.Th

32、e Mars project is the latest manifestation of Americas restless desire to answer previously unanswerable questions and take on new challenges. To paraphrase President John F. Kennedy, America does things like this not because they are easy, but because they are hard.Getting the probe down safely on Mars, after a 350 million mile journey, was certainly no easy feat. Virtually all the technology used in the approach and landing was new, or used in new ways. Once settled in, Curiosity should be a particularly awe-inspirin