最好的定语从句导学案有答案.docx

1、最好的定语从句导学案有答案定语从句（attributive clauses）目标：1.搞清楚什么是定语，哪些成分可以做定语，什么是定语从句，定语从句的本质是什么？2.分清什么是主句，什么是定语从句，能够划分定语从句和主句，并且准确找出句子主干。3.能够深刻理解：“先行词 =关系词=定语从句中所缺成分”这个等式。并且由此能够准确选填关系代词还是关系副词。4.定语从句特别需要注意的几个问题。5.能够熟练掌握定语从句考点以及能够辨析定语从句与其它从句之间的差别。Have a try to see whether you have mastered how to work our attributiv

2、e clause questions!初中基础知识回顾：关系副词与关系代词的区别：先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，引导定语从句是用关系副词还是用关系代词，关键在于关系词在从句中充当的成分。如果充当状语，就用关系副词引导定语从句；如果充当主语或宾语，则用关系代词。This is the school where Mr. Cheng works. This is the school that Mr. Cheng set up ten years ago.I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.I will never forge

3、t the day that I spent with Mr. QinThat was the reason that he gave me yesterday. That was the reason why/for which he gave me a note yesterday.问题导入：选词填空(可多选)：A: that B: which C: who D: whom E: when F: where G: in which H:on which I: / you left we spent together in the countryside we said goodbye to

4、 each otherthe day you told me Tom wrote in his diary we had dinner together we will never forget you told me Tom wrote in his diary we had dinner togetherthe place we will never forget I was born we will leave for tomorrow we said goodbye to each other you walk I was badly treated Tom did the exper

5、imentthe way you told me Tom wrote in his diary we had dinner together we will never forget I was late we will leave for Shanghai tomorrow we said goodbye to each otherthe reason you told me Tom wrote in his diary we had dinner together we will never forget 一 定义：用一个句子充当定语，修饰名词或代词（译为的）一般紧跟在先行词后其顺序为“先

6、行词 关系词 定语从句”二 定语从句黄金三等式是什么？也就是：先行词和关系词还有定语从句所缺成分之间的关系： 表格解析定语从句关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语宾语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose人，物

7、定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. that人，物主语宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which物主语宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terr

8、ible.As人，物主语宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on whichwhere地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in whichWhy原因原因状语I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my of

9、fer.可用for which三 非限制性定语从句：与先行词关系不紧密，即使去掉也不影响句意 （有逗号隔开） 四 如: The old man has two sons, both of whom are students. 但：The pen which I bought yesterday was lost (去掉定语从句后就不知道是哪一支笔)五 关系词分类先行词：被修饰的名词或代词 关系词：代替先行词并在从句中充当一定的成分关系代词： 人： who, whom, that, whose 物： which, that, whose 关系副词：when, where, why特殊词: as

10、but六 个别关系词的用法1 whose 相当于 of whom 或 of which of whom the name was Jackson. the name of whom was Jackson.He is the professor whose name was Jackson. who was named Jackson.of which the cover is red belongs to me. The novel the cover of which is red whose cover is red 2. that 与 which 指物时的区别 1）只能用which 的

11、情况 1. 当关系词放在介词后时：This is the place in which I was born. 2. 非限制性定语从句中： We will go to his hometown, which he was born in 2) 只能用that的情况 1当先行词为all, anything, everything, something, nothing等不定代词时 You may buy anything that you like. 2. 当先行词被形容词最高级，序数词(包括the first, the last等)或any, every, no, just, only, ve

12、ry 等修饰时 This is the very book that I want to buy. 3. 当先行词既有人又有物时, Ill never forget the people and the things that I met there. 4.主句以who, which开头的特殊疑问句时 Which of the books that had pictures was not worth reading. 3. as; but在定语从句中的应用 1）as主要用于固定句型中或非限制性定语从句中 如：the sameas suchas as manyas asas Take as m

13、any books as you can. Dont read such books as you cant understand. Its as pleasant a film as I have ever seen. 注意： the sameas(指不同的人或物) the samethat（指同一个人或物） This is the same book as I lent you yesterday. (同样的) This is the same book that I lent you yesterday. (同一本) but 一般用于固定结构中，相当于who/thatnot There

14、is no one but knows Lei Feng.4. 当先行词为way时，可用in which/that/ I dont like the way that (in which; ) you speak to him.5.非限制性定语从句中as which的区别 1. as 引导非限制性定语从句可放于句前、句中或句后（含正如之意） As we know, he is a student. He is a student, as we know. 2. which引导非限制性定语从句只能放于句后，可代替句子 He got the job, which made us very exci

15、ted.六、重要题型 1. As we know, As is known to us, he is a student. It is known to us that2. He is one of the students who like English. He is the only one of the students who likes English.3. This is the reason why (=for which) he was late. This is the reason that he gave me.4. The old man has two sons,

16、and both of them are students. both of whom are students.5. Our class has 50 students, of whom 20 are girls. I have 10 books, of which two are English books.(其中)6. We need a teacher, who can teach us English. (定从)We need a teacher, one who can teach us English. （同位语）七定语从句的做题方法 一）从从句所缺成分考虑 This is th

17、e place where I was born. (缺状语) This is the place which I was born in.(缺宾语) I lived in the room whose windows face south. （缺定语） 但在介词加which的句子中较困难二）用两个步骤来做1 将先行词分为两类：人/物 先加上that which 或 who2 将先行词和从句重新组成一个句子，是否加介词 This is the place where I was born. 先行词为place 从句为I was born 可以构成I was born in the place.

18、 This is the place which I was born in.注意： I came here ten years ago when he was a teacher. 从句可构成he was a teacher before ten years.经典定语从句背诵：1. Yesterday she sold her car, which she bought a month ago.2. All the neighbors admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend.3.

19、 The Science Museum, which we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.4. They will fly to Washington, where they plan to stay for two or three days.5.The road conditions there turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expected.6. As is well known

20、, paper was first invented by the Chinese. Allen came late to the class again, which made the teacher angry.7. Is this the school where you studied 3 years ago? Is this school the one you visited 3 days ago?8. We will never forget the days (that) we spent together. We will never forget the days when

21、 we worked together.9. Occasions are quite rare, when I have time to spend a day with my kids.10. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, above which appeared a rainbow soon. 11. We are having our English class in the classroom whose doors face north. W

22、e are having our English class in the classroom the doors of which face north.12. His plan was such a good one as we all agreed to accept.13. We are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.14. The Beatles, as many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liv

23、erpool. 15. That is the most exciting moment, one (that) I will never forget.（使用定语从句，必须有先行词，本句中虽然有先行词，但that不可以引导非限制性定语从句，所以that前加one做moment的同位语）定语从句考点分析考点一、That与which区别1、在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that（1）先行词被形容词最高级 序数词 only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、someth

24、ing、anything、everything等不定代词时。（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。 The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。 Which are the books that you bought for me ?2、宜用which的情况 （1）在非限制性定语从句中 Mary has a book,

25、which is very precious.（2）在关系词前有介词时 This is a house in which lives an old man. （3）当先行词本身是that时 That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.（4）当关系词后面有插入语时用which引导定语从句。Here is the English grammar book which, as I have told you, will help to improve your English. 考点二、介词与关系代词连用作介词与关系代词连用的习题时，要看

26、两点：一看先行词前需要什么介词，二看定语从句的谓语动词后需要什么介词。最简单的方式就是将定语从句还原成一个独立的句子，结果就一目了然。如：1、The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （定语从句还原就是：The bridge is supposed to be built at the place. 这样就可以判断引导词需要介词at。也可以看先行词the place前需要介词at进行判断。）2、I saw a wom

27、an running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction from which she had come.（从句还原就是：She had come from the direction，所以定语从句用from which 引导。）3、There was a single person in the street to whom she turned for help.(从定语从句的谓语动词turn可构成词组turn to sb. for he

28、lp就可以判断应该填to whom。)4、The man about whom I talked just now is from Beijing University.(根据定语从句的谓语动词talk判断后需要of或about，因此此处需要about/of whom)考点三、 where 的用法1.如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, website ,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，且在定语从句中做状语，常用where 或in which引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。1. We are trying to reach a poi

29、nt where both sides will sit down together and talk. 2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes, theres one point which/that we must insist on . 考点四、as 与which的区别 1、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。 （1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。 Such books as you bought are useful. The school is just

30、 the same as it was 10 years age. such that 引导的结果状语从句，that 在从句中不充当句子成分They are such lovely children that we love them muchthe same that 引导定语从句。 I want to use the same tool that you used just now.（2）无先行词的非限制性定语从句用as和which引导。区别：意义上：as 含有“这点正如一样”。位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。There is lots of air in loose snow,

31、which can keep the cold out.As is known, the earth is round, not flat.2、 as和which指整个主句的内容，引导非限制性定语从句有时可以通用。as引导的定语从句可以位于句首、句中或句末；which 引导的定于从句一般只位于句末。as引导的定语从句常与know, see, report, say, expect, announce等动词连用；which引导的这类定语从句时常作实意动词的主语，当它引导的从句与主句之间含有并列关系或结果关系时，一般用which。As we all know ,China is a country wit