高考英语易错题专题训练阅读理解练习题附答案.docx

1、高考英语易错题专题训练阅读理解练习题附答案一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 The idea that computers have some amount of intelligence is not new, says Ralph Haupter, the president of Microsoft Asia, pointing as far back as 1950 when computer pioneer Alan Turing asked whether machines can think. So it has taken nearly 70 years for the righ

2、t combination of factors to come together to move AI from concept to reality, says Haupter. It is predicted that the development of artificial intelligence will be the story of the coming generations, not just the coming year, but as 2019 gets underway, youll find AI will begin to touch your life in

3、 many ways according to some researchers. Personal assistant AIs will keep getting smarter. As our personal assistants learn more about our daily routines, I can imagine the day I need not to worry about preparing dinner. My AI knows what I like to eat, which days of the week I like to cook at home,

4、 and makes sure that when I get back from work all my groceries are waiting at my doorstep, ready for me to prepare that delicious meal I had been longing for. -Alecjandro Troccoli, senior research scientist, NVIDIA. Thanks to AI, the face will be the new credit card, the new drivers license and the

5、 new barcode (条形码). Facial recognition is already completely transforming security with biometric capabilities being adopted, and seeing how technology and business are connected, like Amazon is with Whole Foods, I can see a near future where people will no longer need to stand in line at the store.

6、 -Georges Nahon, president, Orange Institute, a global research laboratory. 2019 will be the year AI becomes real for medicine. By the end of the year were seeing solutions for population health, hospital operations and a broad set of clinical specialties quickly follow behind. -Mark Michalski, exec

7、utive director, Massachusetts General Hospital.（1）What can we know about AI from the first two paragraphs? A.People didnt expect AI to develop so rapidly.B.The idea of AI just came up recently.C.The concept of AI was put forward by Ralph Haupter.D.It took more than 70 years to turn the concept into

8、reality.（2）Who sees the future of AI doing housework instead of human being? A.Alan Turing.B.Georges Nahon.C.Mark Michalski.D.Alejandro Troccoli.（3）What is Georges Nahons job? A.Executive director of a hospital.B.President of a research laboratory.C.Chairman of an energy corporation.D.Chief operatin

9、g officer of a newspaper.（4）How is the passage developed? A.By explaining cause and effect.B.By presenting research results.C.By listing some predictions.D.By describing personal experiences.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过Alecjandro Troccoli，Georges Nahon以及Mark Michalski对人工智能未来将应用于的领域进行预测和

10、说明。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”It is predicted that the development of artificial intelligence will be the story of the coming generations, not just the coming year, but as 2019 gets underway, youll find AI will begin to touch your life in many ways according to some researchers.“据预测，人工智能的发展将成为未来几代人的故事，而不仅仅是

11、未来的一年，但随着2019年的到来，你会发现人工智能将开始在许多方面影响你的生活。可知从前两段我们可以了解到人们没想到人工智能会发展得这么快。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”My AI knows what I like to eat, which days of the week I like to cook at home, and makes sure that when I get back from work all my groceries are waiting at my doorstep, ready for me to prepare that delicio

12、us meal I had been longing for. -Alecjandro Troccoli, senior research scientist, NVIDIA.“我的人工智能知道我喜欢吃什么，一周中的哪几天我喜欢在家做饭，并确保当我下班回家时，所有的杂货都在门口等着我，为我准备好我一直渴望的美味佳肴。Alecjandro Troccoli， NVIDIA的高级研究科学家。可知Alecjandro Troccoli能预见人工智能代替人类做家务的未来。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”Georges Nahon, president, Orange Institut

13、e, a global research laboratory.“Georges Nahon，全球研究实验室奥兰治研究所主任。可知Georges Nahon的工作是研究实验室的主任。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。第三、四和五段分别为Alecjandro Troccoli预测人工智能代替人类做家务的未来；Georges Nahon预测人脸识别将和商业结合在一起以及Mark Michalski对人工智能应用于医学的预测，可知这篇文章是通过列举一些预测进行论述展开的。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，

14、从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Water is a necessity of life. Rain, especially, helps plants grow and stay green. But too much rain, especially in cities, can lead to flooding. That can cause waste water systems to overflow and send pollutants into rivers and other waterways. To fight the problem, several cities in

15、the United States are starting programs like rooftop gardens. A team at the University of the District of Columbia in the nations capital has created a garden on the top of one school building. The garden holds many kinds of plants to help absorb rainwater and grow food at the same time. Architect D

16、avid Bell has designed five green roofs for the university. He says he is excited about the project because it meant doing something more than just dealing with storm water management. It took advantage of a resource above the city and these flat roofs that arent doing anything really became somethi

17、ng that was about urban agriculture. Rainwater is collected in large containers and sent through a system that waters the rooftop garden. The roof is filled with green life that appeals to insects. In cities, you dont have that many spaces to choose from and so rooftops are just (unused) space, says

18、 Caitlin Arlotta. She is a student in the schools Urban Agriculture program. The project is part of a research program to see which plants do well on rooftops. The researchers are looking at plants including strawberries, tomatoes and sweet potatoes. The university also has other green spaces. We al

19、so have our own farm experiments, Arlotta said. Within each of those growing systems, we want to be able to tell people which sorts of these crops grow the best. Sandy Farber Bandier helps run UDCs Master Gardener program. It seeks to improve cities and make them beautiful by training people to beco

20、me Master Gardeners. She says shes been surprised by the gardens output. My biggest surprise was that we produced 4, 250 pounds of produce the first year and was able to spread that to people in need. She also likes being able to show people who live in D. C. and others beyond the nations capital wh

21、at and how food can be grown on a rooftop. This is the future for food. You grow it here, you prepare it in a commercial kitchen, you distribute through farmers markets, food trucks, and then you recycle.（1）What do we know about the rooftop gardens? A.Rooftop gardens are very common in average neigh

22、borhoods.B.There are many sorts of plants there which help take in rainwater.C.Theyre playing an important role in the citys food supply.D.Rooftop gardens are no more than containers to collect rainwater.（2）What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A.Rooftops can offer enough space to plant crops.B.Many p

23、lants like strawberries can grow well on rooftops.C.Some university students are participating in the Urban Agriculture program.D.The plants in rooftop gardens are attractive to many insects.（3）How does Sandy Farber Bandier feel about the future of rooftop gardens? A.Confident.B.Doubtful.C.Worried.D

24、.Ambiguous.（4）What is the best title for the text? A.Rainwater Necessity for Plant LifeB.Green Roofs-The Future of Urban AgricultureC.The United States Agriculture ProgramD.Rooftop Gardens-Food Paradise【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。美国由于雨水过多，为了避免浪费，美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。在大

25、学校舍的顶部建造花园，种植多种植物吸收雨水，利用城市上空的一种资源，成为了城市农业的一部分。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的The garden holds many kinds of plants to help absorb rainwater and grow food at the same time.可知，花园里有多种植物，可以帮助吸收雨水，故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ She is a student in the schools Urban Agriculture program. The researchers are looking at plants

26、including strawberries, tomatoes and sweet potatoes. The university also has other green spaces. We also have our own farm experiments。”可知，凯特琳阿洛塔是该校都市农业计划的学生。研究人员正在研究包括草莓、西红柿和甘薯在内的植物。这所大学还有其他绿地。，我们也有自己的农场实验，由此可推断出有许多大学生正在参与这项城市农业计划。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“She also likes being able to show people who

27、 live in D. C. and others beyond the nations capital what and how food can be grown on a rooftop. This is the future for food. You grow it here, you prepare it in a commercial kitchen, you distribute through farmers markets, food trucks, and then you recycle. Sandy Farber Bandier 喜欢向住在华盛顿特区和首都以外地区的人

28、们展示在屋顶上可以种植什么以及如何种植食物。她认为这是食品的未来。你在这里种植，在商业厨房里准备，通过农贸市场分发。食品卡车，然后回收利用。 由此可推断出她对于屋顶花园的未来很自信。故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。第一段说美国由于雨水过多，为了避免浪费，美国的几个城市正在启动屋顶花园等项目。接着下文进行了详细介绍了在大学校舍的顶部建造花园，种植多种植物吸收雨水，利用城市上空的一种资源，成为了城市农业的一部分，有人认为这是未来的食物。由此可知，本文主要叙述了绿色屋顶城市农业的未来。综观全文可知，文中green roofs（绿色屋顶）贯穿全文，第一段最后一句green roofs（绿色屋顶）是建在城

29、市的农业（Urban Agriculture），故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 In 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a bar-headed goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛). It was thought impossible. Now researchers who raised 19 of the

30、geesenamed for the black stripes on the backs of their headshave shown the birds really fly so high. The team trained the youngsters to fly in a large wind tunnel wearing backpacks and face masks full of sensors that recorded their heart rate. blood oxygen levels, temperature, and metabolic ratehow

31、many calories they burned per hour. The researchers simulated(模拟)10w-, medium-, and high-altitude conditions by altering the concentration of oxygen supplied to face masks worn by each goose as it flew in the tunnel. Birds already have a better heart and lungs than mammals for sustained physical activity. And researchers knew that bar-headed geese have even larger, thinner lungs that let them breathe more deeply and an even bigger heart to pump more oxygen to muscles than other birds.