职称英语理工B真题及答案.docx

1、职称英语理工B真题及答案2009年职称英语理工类b级考试试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1Would you pleasecallmy husband as soon as possible?Avisit B phoneCconsult D invite2We had a longconversationabout her parents.Aspeech B questionCtalk D debate3The chairmanproposedthat we stop the me

2、eting.Astated B announcedCdemanded D suggested4Obviously these people can berelied onin a crisis.Alived on B depended onCbelieved in D joined in5There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athletebreaksa record.Abeats B maintainsCmatches D tries6All the pupils seem to be verycheerful.Aha

3、ppy B healthyCnaughty D busy7The traditional paintings areexhibitedon the second floor.Alaid B displayedCkept D stored8She stood there, shaking withfury.Amisery B laughterCanger D cry9Mary evidently is the mostdiligentstudent among usAintelligent B beautifulCtalkative D hardworking10Persistentattemp

4、ts to interview Garbo were fruitless.A Forceful BReasonableC Continuous D Firm11 Why cant you stop youreternalcomplaining?Aeverlasting B longCtemporary D boring12 Hundreds of buildings werewreckedby the earthquake.Ashaken B damagedCfallen D jumped13 These paintings are considered by many to beauthen

5、tic.Afaithful B royalCgenuine D sincere14 Many economists have given in to the fatallureof mathematics.Aattraction B simplicityCpower D rigor15 Ten years after the event, her death still remains apuzzleAmist B fogCmystery D secret参考答案：1 B 2 C 3 D 4 B 5 A6 A 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 C11 A 12 B 13 C 14 A 15 C第2

6、部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Radiocarbon DatingNowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon (放射性碳), or carbon-14, dating. One key to understanding how and by somet

7、hing happened is to discover when it happened.Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at he University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon, called carbon-12, has six protons(中子) and six neutrons (质子) in its nucleus. Carbon-14, or C-14, is a radioactive, un

8、stable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons (原子核). It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay (衰减). This process involves the loss of he extra neutrons and energy from the nucleus.In Libbys radiocarbon dating technique, the weak radioactive emissions (放射) from hi

9、s decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detector and counter. he decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C-14 atoms in the sample being dated.Carbon-14 is produced in the Earths atmosphere when nitrogen (氮)-14, or N-14,interacts with cosmic rays (宇宙射线). Scientists be

10、lieve since the Earth was formed, the mount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently, C-14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful for dating item

11、s back to at least 50,000 years.All life on Earth is made of organic molecules (分子) that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C-14atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues (组织). Once an organism (有机体) dies it tops taking in carbon in a

12、ny form, and the C-14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C-14 in the material decreases, and the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating, the fewer C-14 atoms in a sample, the older that sample is.16Nowadays many scientists depend on radioca

13、rbon for dating age-old objectsA Right BWrong C Not mentioned17The radiocarbon dating technique is only about 40 years oldA Right BWrong C Not mentioned18An atom of ordinary carbon has six protons and eight neutronsA Right BWrong C Not mentioned19Radar is used to determine the characteristics of rad

14、iocarbonA Right BWrong C Not mentioned20Radiocarbon is reliable in dating an object back to at least 50,000 years.A Right BWrong C Not mentioned21The C-14 in an organism begins to decay when it diesA Right BWrong C Not mentioned22The half-life of C-14 is about 25,000 years.A Right BWrong C Not menti

15、oned参考答案：16 A 17 B 18 B 19 C 20 A21 A 22 C第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Chimpanzees1 Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) will soon be extinct (灭绝). If the present rate of hunting and habitat (栖息地) destruction continues, then within 2

16、0 years, there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy (悲剧). Chimpanzee extinction may also have profound implications (含意) for the survival of their distant relatives - human beings.2 In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson

17、 discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes (基因组) match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse, used as model for human disease in lab tests, which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of monkey. As well as r

18、esembling us genetically, chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority (优先). But there is another, more selfish reason to preserve the chimp.3 The chimpanzees trump card (王牌) comes in the field of medical rese

19、arch. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians (兽医) often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular, chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability that is so interesti

20、ng.4 For example, chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed, their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant.5 By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing (找到) the place where the chimpanzee DN

21、A sequence differs from that of humans, scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This, they hope, will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments

22、 could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration (改变) of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.23Paragraph 124Paragraph 225Paragraph 326Paragraph 4AReasons for HIV resistanceBImpl

23、ications of chimpanzee extinction for humansCEffective AIDS treatmentDGenetic similarities between chimps and humansEChimps resistance to HIVFGenetic differences between chimps and humans27Chimpanzee extinction may affect28There is a difference ofless than 2% between the chimp and29Scientists suspec

24、t that genes.PlaY a significant role in protecting chimps from getting30The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful toAsome human disease treatmentsBsome diseasesChuman survivalDhuman genomesEkey areasFhealthier lifestyle参考答案：23 B 24 D 25 F26 E 27 C 28 D 29 B 30 A第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3

25、分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇WaterThe second most important constituent (构成成份) of the biosphere (生物圈) is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures, since water freezes at 0 and boils at 100. Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of

26、 a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.The earths supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately, but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter ki

27、lometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans - about 97 per cent. The restis fresh, but three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fractional which is somewhat less than one pe

28、r cent of the whole, there is 10-20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny, but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as water vapor in the atmosphere.Water vapor in the atmosphere is the channel through which the

29、whole watercirculation (循环) of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated (蒸发) from the surface of the oceans, from lakes and rivers and from moist (潮湿的) earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow, falling on either the sea or the land. There is, as might be expected, a

30、 more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land, but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans, and the balance is restored by the runoff from the land in the form of rivers.31Liquid water only existsAin the center of the earth.Bon the surface of

31、our planet.Cin a very narrow range of temperatures.Din the coastal areas of the earth.32The total quantity of water on EarthAremains almost unchanged.Bhas greatly increased in recent years.Cis decreasing constantly.Dis affected by global warming.33Most of the fresh water on EarthAis stored underground.Bis in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains.Cis found in rivers and lakes.Dcomes from the rain.34The word fraction in the second paragraph meansAa very small amount.Ba large area.Can important system.Da major source of information35There is more of rainfallAover the m