高考英语教与练特训秘籍2.docx

1、高考英语教与练特训秘籍22014高考英语教与练特训秘籍21insist vt.&vi.坚持，主张；坚持说，坚持认为1表示“坚持”“主张”等，可作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时，其后通常只接 that 从句作宾语，而不能接名词或代词作宾语，也不能接不定式或动名词作宾语。但是若其后接有介词 on 或 upon，则可后接名词、代词或动名词。2其后可接 that从句，但要根据意思的不同而分清两种情况：（1）表示“坚持要” “一定要”，从句所指的一般是尚未实现的事实，此时谓语通常用虚拟语气（即should动词原形）。（2）表示“坚持说” “坚持认为”，从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态，谓

2、语一般用陈述语气，引导词 that 可省略。She insisted on paying for her food.She insisted that she（should）pay for her food.她坚持要付她自己的那一份饭钱。The detective insisted that he should have a look.警探坚持要查看。John insisted that he heard somebody in the house.约翰坚持说他听到房子里有人。He insisted that he was not ill，but the doctor insisted tha

3、t he should take the medicine.他坚持说他没有病，但医生却坚持要他服药。反馈1.1Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention _ before class.Abe underlinedBbeing underlinedCto be underlinedDto being underlined反馈1.2The man insisted _ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.AfindBto findCon findin

4、g Din finding反馈1.3He insisted that he _ right，and so he insisted that his plan _ carried out at once.Awas；be Bbe；would beCwas；was Dbe；should be2leave vt.离开（某处）；遗弃，离弃；遗忘；丢下；听任，使处于某种状态；留给；把交给；委托The train will leave at six tomorrow morning.火车明早六点出发。What he said left a deep impression on my mind.他讲的话给我留

5、下了深刻印象。Leave her in peace.不要打扰她。I cant leave such an important matter undone/unfinished.我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。The moving story left him unmoved.他对这个令人感动的故事竟然无动于衷。This matter left her without a way of hope.这件事使她没有一丝一毫的希望。Ill leave him in charge of the matter.我要把这件事交给他负责。Leave him to do it himself.让他自己做这件事

6、吧。注意：left “剩下的”，一般作后置定语；remaining 也可表示“剩余的”，它只能作前置定语。反馈2.1What has made him upset recently?_ alone to face a troublesome milk case.ALeft BBeing leftCHaving left DTo leave反馈2.2 SARS is an illness that can result in death unless _ in time.Ato treat BtreatingCtreated Dtreat反馈2.3The lady said she would

7、buy a gift for her daughter with the _.A20 dollars remainedB20 dollars to remainCremained 20 dollarsDremaining 20 dollars3harm vt.& n.伤害do harm to sb.do sb.harm 伤害某人come to harm（身体上或精神上）受到伤害形容词harmfulbe harmful to.对有害Getting up early wont harm you.早起对你没有害处。It wouldnt do her any harm to work a bit ha

8、rder.工作加点劲对她没有坏处。易混辨析 wound，injure，hurt，harm，damage，destroy，ruin1）wound指用枪弹或刀剑等锐器故意施加的伤害。在事故或天灾中受伤用injure或hurt。wound与injure在肉体受伤的程度上往往比hurt严重。2）hurt除指肉体的伤害外，也可指感情上的伤害，如hurt ones feeling，hurt ones pride。hurt的过去分词作表语时有“苦恼的，伤心的”的含义。作不及物动词时，有“疼痛”的含义。3）injured和wounded可作表语，也可作定语，而hurt的过去分词只能作表语不能作定语。4）har

9、m和damage均指伤害或损害某人或某物。harm主要用于有生命的东西，偶尔也用于无生命的事物，常指伤及健康、权利、实业等。5）damage主要指对价值和功能的损坏，虽然也可用于有生命的东西，但是多用于无生命的东西。6）destroy “毁坏”“消灭”，指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用。7）ruin “毁掉，弄糟”，强调毁坏的彻底性。He was seriously injured/hurt in a traffic accident.他在一次交通事故中严重受伤。My feelings were hurt when he didnt invite me to the party.他没

10、邀请我去参加晚会伤害了我的感情。Doctors say smoking harms our health.医生说抽烟有害健康。The strong wind damaged several houses.大风摧毁了几栋房屋。Dont destroy that box；it may be useful.别把那只箱子弄坏了，它或许还有用。反馈3.1Why，she is absent again!She was _ badly in an accident.Ainjured BharmCshocked Dbeaten反馈3.2Years of fighting have left the villa

11、ge in _.Adestroy BdamageCruins Druin反馈3.3The news meant the _ of all our hopes.Adamage BharmCruin Dhurt反馈3.4用wound，injure，hurt，harm，damage，destroy的适当形式填空：1）They asked him to pay for the _ but he refused.2）Before they fled the country，the enemy attempted to _ all the factories.3）Johnny，you mustnt pla

12、y with the knife；you may _ yourself.4）The soldier received a serious _ on the chest.5）He _ his left hand in a fire.6）Harm watch，_ catch.4normal n. & adj.正常（的），一般（的）The collapse of the strike enabled bus services to be back to normal.罢工的失败使公共汽车营运恢复了正常。She braced herself to lead a normal life.她振作起来去过正

13、常的生活。易混辨析 common， ordinary，general，normal，usual的区别common强调“常见的，不足为奇的，共同的，公共的，公有的，普通的，庸俗的”。ordinary（与众多同类的东西相比）强调“平常的，平淡无奇的”。general意为“普遍的，一般的，普通的，综合的，概括的，全面的，大体的，大致的”。normal指“正常的，正规的，常态的，一般的”。usual 指“平常的；通常的，惯常的”。Snow is common in cold countries.在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。These are all stories about ordinary peopl

14、e.这些都是些普通人的故事。This book is intended for the general readers，not for the specialists.这本书是为一般读者写的，不是为专家写的。Twelve oclock is the usual time to have lunch.十二点通常是吃饭的时间。反馈4.1When I took his temperature，it was two degrees above _.Ausual BordinaryCregular Dnormal反馈4.2In todays world，youngsters always have mu

15、ch _，_ they come from.Ain general；whereverBin common；whereverCin general；whereD in common；where反馈4.3To be frank，I really dont know what they have in _，because theyre so different in character.Acommon BordinaryCusual Dregular5turn up 将声音调大；出现，露面He promised to come but hasnt turned up yet.他答应来的，可是到现在都

16、没出现。I cant hear the radio very well.Could you turn it up a bit?我听不清楚收音机。你能把音量调大点吗？用法拓展含有turn的短语turn against背叛 turn round转过身turn away 不理睬，撵走 turn in 上交turn over 翻开 turn against 背叛turn back 返回，翻回到 turn down 拒绝，把音量开小一点turn on 打开 turn off 关掉turn into 把变为 by turns 轮流take turns轮流 turn out结果是，原来是turn to 转向

17、，求助于反馈5.1It has been raining every day so far.I hope tomorrow will _ fine.Aturn to Bturn upCturn into Dturn out反馈5.2 Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer，but she doesnt know whom to_.Aturn to Blook forCdeal with Dtalk about反馈5.3For all these years I have been working for others.Im hopi

18、ng Ill_my own business someday.Aturn up Bfix upCset up Dmake up6go out出去；熄灭John may phone tonight.I dont want to go out in case he phones.今晚约翰可能会打电话，我不想出去以防他打电话过来。Nobody noticed the thief slip into the room because the lights happened to go out at the moment.没有人注意到小偷溜进了这间房子，因为灯在那时正好灭了。用法拓展go after 追

19、赶；想得到go ahead请便；往前走，前进go down下降，下沉go away走开go by时间流逝go off爆炸go into 进入go in for爱好；参加go too far过分go up上升go over审查；复习go without没有勉强凑合go through经历，遭受，完成go wrong出毛病go smooth进展顺利反馈6.1I wonder if I could possibly use your computer for tonight?_.Im not using it anyhow.ASure，go aheadBI dont knowCYes，indeedD

20、I dont care反馈6.2Didnt you enjoy yourself at the party?Of course I did.As a matter of fact，I had such fun that time seemed to _ so quickly.Ago by Bgo awayCgo out Dgo over反馈6.3Would you like to _ this form for me to see if Ive filled it in right?Atake off Blook afterCgive up Dgo over反馈6.4 They dont_ r

21、ock n roll.Its too noisy.Ago after Bgo awayCgo into Dgo in for7as if 似乎，好像1as if 从句的作用1）在look，seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。2）引导方式状语从句。2as if 还可用于省略句中，如果as if 引导的从句主语与主句主语一致且是“主语系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。3as if 从句的语气及时态1）as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。2）as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况

22、。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形”。She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看起来好像年轻了十岁。She loves the boy as if she were his mother.她爱这男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。Tom raised his hands as if（he wa

23、s going）to say something.汤姆举起手好像要说什么。He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。He opened his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。反馈7.1When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it _.Abreaks Bhas brokenCwere broken Dhad been broken反馈7.2He is talkin

24、g so much about America as if he _ there.Ahad been Bhas beenCwas Dbeen反馈7.3The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction.AseeingBhaving seenCto have seenDto see反馈7.4Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease，she acted as if nothing

25、 _ to her while facing her friends and relatives.Ahappened Bwould happenCwas happenedDhad happened8Eric runs in after it，followed by a big dog，walking very slowly.埃里克跟在后面跑了进来，后面跟着条大狗，这狗走得很慢。分词短语在句中可以作定语、状语、补足语和表语。The lessons given by Mr Smith are always lively and interesting.史密斯先生上的课既生动又有趣。（given b

26、y.作the lessons的定语）He sent me an email，hoping to get further information.他给我发了一封邮件，希望获得进一步的消息。（hoping to.作sent的伴随状语）The missing boy was last seen playing near the East Lake.人们最后一次见着那个走失了的男孩时，他正在东湖附近玩耍。（playing.作主语补足语）Most rivers in China are heavily polluted.中国的大部分河流都污染严重。（heavily polluted作表语）反馈8.1Si

27、t down，Emma.You will only make yourself tired，_on your feet.Ato keepBkeepingChaving keptDto have kept反馈8.2Look over theretheres a very long，winding path _ up to the house.Aleading BleadsCled Dto lead9The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.屋里一团糟，有比萨盒子在地板上，洗碗池

28、里堆满了脏碟子。with复合结构：1）“with名词/代词介词短语”2）“with名词/代词形容词”3）“with名词/代词副词”4）“with名词/代词名词”5）“with名词/代词过去分词”。在此结构中，过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。6）“with名词/代词现在分词”。此结构强调名词或代词是现在分词的动作的发出者且某动作、状态与谓语动作同时进行。7）“with宾语to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语之间是动宾关系，表示尚未发生的动作。The young man was walking on the street，with a book under his arm.那位年轻人在

29、街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。With the weather stuffy，ten to one itll rain presently.天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。The square looks more beautiful than ever with all the lights on.所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。He left home，with his wife a hopeless soul.他走了，妻子十分伤心。With this problem solved，the new medicine is now in regular production.随着这个问题的解决，新

30、药现在已经正式生产。He felt uneasier with the whole class staring at him.全班同学看着他，他感到更不自在了。With one fifth of the worlds population to feed，China cant ignore the serious loss of arable land to property development.由于要养活全球五分之一的人口，中国无法忽视房产开发对可耕地的掠夺。反馈9.1_ two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend.AWith BBesidesCAs for DBecause of反馈9.2The murderer was brought in，w