21世纪研究生英语综合教程2答案.docx

1、21世纪研究生英语综合教程2答案21世纪研究生英语（综合教程2）练习题答案Unit OneText A Putting in a Good Word for Guilt. Key to the exercises1. Reading comprehension(1) They think guilt is a bad thing for ones psychology, and if you want to live with true liberation, you should get rid of the sense of guilt and try to believe everyth

2、ing and everybody is OK, no matter what you have done.(2) Under this kind of conception, people try to ignore the sense of guilt without finding out its real meaning in life. And its somewhat like self deceiving to say everything is ok because in deeper conscience, people will still feel uneasy if s

3、ense of guilt is not dealt with properly.(3) Some people can go through their lives without a moment of guilt, while the other group of people may feel guilty just for being alive.(4) A sense of guilt, as well as a sense of duty, can urge us to do the right thing when we may not feel like doing it.

4、In that way, a sense of guilt is the great civilizer of our basic conscience and the maintainer of our behavior.(5) You can either change the opinion of a perfect image so that youll feel less guilty when failing to achieve something, or change the behavior in a way that is more in accord with your

5、right conscience.2. Vocabulary(1) slaying (2) obsessively (3) ingrained (4) hustles(5) inflicted (6) commandment/stampede (7) infidelities(8) qualms (9) catatonic3. Paraphrase(1) But then it came to my mind that people have given up guilt for too long a time. During that period of time of about ten

6、years or more, those welcome psychologists solved peoples mental problems by writing books instead of giving clinical treatment. And they are trying to advocate the concept that nobody should feel guilty for anything.(2) In the past, it was commonly thought that to love himself, everyone should firs

7、t give up his guilt. For the most part of the past ten years, people deliberately ignored the sense of guilt without understanding its meaning and significance.(3) Whats more, we would never be one of those who give up their guilt while becoming more and more deteriorated in excessive admiration of

8、themselves.(4) There are people who are tortured by unreasonable guilt. Of course we are not willing to be one of them or guide our children to be one of them.(5) In such a changeable world, our sense of duty is very likely to change our feeling. Now an old concept may conflict with a new one on wha

9、t we should do. There is a great difference between our belief and the education we got, and that difference results in the sense of guilt.(6) If guilt represents the contradiction of our standards of behavior, it is a good thing full of strength and humanness.(7) In some aspect, the so called bad f

10、eeling reflects the best nature of human being. Because we dont want to feel guilty, we will not do bad things.(8) In that aspect, guilt can make us civilized and force us by conscience to be good people instead of putting ourselves in the first place urgently.4. Cloze(2) responsibility(3) reason(4)

11、 triggered(5) anxiety(6) committed(7) criticism(8) empathy(9) develop(10) violates(11) value(12) intended(13) fulfill(14) generally(15) failing(16) intended(17) biochemical (18) judged(19) since(20) nature5. TranslationA. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.究其最深层最彻底的含义，内疚感是我们心中一个渴望被捕获的罪犯。

12、做错了事就产生这种可怕的、发自内心的感觉。这正如麦克白夫人满脑子想的那个别人看不到的血点一样而且我们还不能四处张望。没有内疚就等于没有良知。感觉不到内疚的人给他人造成痛苦后心情照样不错，结果他们就心安理得地接着给别人制造痛苦。我们什么不要都可以，唯独不能不要良知。弗洛伊德曾说过：“上帝在良知方面处理不当，有些粗心，大多数人生来良知就不算多，要么就少的不值一提。”这里说明一点，我并不是建议每个人报名参加寻找内疚之旅。然而，我们必须对以下两种观点加以区分：一种认为我们所有人都应该为诸如贫困或种族主义感到内疚；另一种则断言受压迫者是“命里注定”。B. Translate the following

13、sentences into English.(1) People appealed to the government to put in a good word for the real hero after the truth came out.(2) On the coming of the New Year, it occurred to Sam that he should put aside his work for a while and call his parents.(3) In a time of change, young people often put self

14、interest in the first place and tune out social commitment.(4) The government has realized that serious social problems may arise from wealth polarization, and measures have been taken to shorten the distance.(5) As the cost of being famous, stars are particularly vulnerable to criticism, because pe

15、ople always have higher expectations of them.Unit TwoText A In the Beginning: God and Science. Key to the exercises1. Reading comprehension(1) “Immaterial” has two senses: (a) Of no importance or relevance, inconsequential or irrelevant; (b) Having no material body or form. It seems that people have

16、 taken the conception that religion or spiritual activity is of no importance in humans life.(2) The Steady State theory that the universe just exists infinitively without generation and destruction.(3) Because they seem to get some confirmation from the science of the creation of world described in

17、 Bible.(4) Because it is one of the basic scientific principle that every effect has a cause, but the creation of the universe, as the starting point of everything, has no cause, which contradicts with the principle.(5) Of course it is not the final conclusion about the creation of world. But both s

18、cientific and religious fields should take some effort to explore with proper awe the unknown area that is suggested by it.2. Vocabulary(2) serenity (3) ignites (4) receding(5) subversive(6) convergence (7) provisional(8) defies (9) concur (10) becoming3. Paraphrase(1) Its hard and even intolerable

19、to imagine the infinitive universe, like the endless time, but this idea can at least make people feel calm and peaceful.(2) However, in recent decades, the Steady State model of universe has been substituted in scientific field by a more difficult idea that the universe is full of forceful actions.

20、(3) The Big Bang theory makes some astronomers very uneasy, but at the same time, creates a little excitement in religious field for it seems to confirm their belief in creation.(4) Science educed the Big Bang theory from the hard work of assumption and testification and even unexpected but pleasant

21、 incidents, which share little interest with ideology.(5) Many theologians also agree that the similar points of religion and science on the issue of creation is accidental without deep significance.(6) Some scientists refuse to consider the issue of creation with the attitude of dealing with the fa

22、ct.(7) Yet, actually everyone, including scientists and common religious persons, is possessed by the confusing issues of creation and even what happened before it.(8) People who are engaged in the hi tech field need something from spirit and ethics to conduct their work.(9) The Big Bang theory of c

23、ourse is not the perfect final theory of creation that human can develop, but what it shows to us is a vast unknown area that requires effort and appropriate respect from both religion and science.4. Cloze(2) deeply(3) movements(4) longing(5) endeavor(6) present(7) religious(8) suffice(9) varying(10

24、) experience(11) primitive(12) evokes(13) stage(14) poorly(15) creates(16) depend(17) handed(18) disposed(19) degree(20) basis5. TranslationA. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.硅芯片时代的不可知论可被除了造物之外的许多疑惑所动摇。几乎具有同样神秘色彩的问题是，在几十亿年前，是什么条件产生了第一个能够复制自身的分子。这一步使得遍布地球的所有生命形式的发展成为可能。为什么恰在那时发生呢?对于科学和

25、神学在大爆炸宇宙学上表面的趋同，宗教界表现出来的热情是可以理解的。自启蒙运动以来，圣经所述的创世故事或者其它“事件”，如人之堕落和耶稣基督的奇迹，屡屡遭遇科学的贬抑；它们仅仅被当作神话、迷信而已。现在信徒们不由得要相信科学已经费力地证实了至少一个圣经“神话”：创世说。B. Translate the following sentences into English.(1) Since my grandma knows nothing about electrical appliance, she always stays clear of any of them with fear.(2) A

26、lthough they have been sieged for almost a week, the soldiers swear never to yield the ground to the enemy.(3) He found with embarrassment that his new boss turned out to be his primary school classmate, on whom he used to play trick.(4) Everybody should know how to choose when their social responsi

27、bility clashes with their personal interest.(5) Tourists from all over the world are really taken by the beauty and intelligence shown in this palace.Unit ThreeText A Privacy and Property on the Net. Key to the exercises1. Reading comprehension(1) The writer intends to show there exists hypocrisy in

28、 governments confidentiality protections.(2) The author implies to satirize that copyright fails to fulfill its function that it was intended to perform, that is, to protect performers, either celebrities or unknown performers, equally. Instead, it states a distinction between them.(3) Citizens priv

29、acy is violated by government surveillance (refer to para. 7).(4) Scientists can utilize data mining. Although internet based research like data mining has its drawbacks such as lack of reliability, impossibility of impartiality, the writer still holds the view that“internet research could benefit s

30、cience, as well as society.”(5) Government should keep pace with the societal development and timely update its policies on privacy and property based on appropriate research.2. Vocabulary(1) confidential (2) facilitate (3) bizarre (4) innovation(5) surveillance (6)incidentally (7) administered (8)

31、deregulation3. Paraphrase(1) Although privacy and property are firmly established in the history of human development, they vary as the social criteria change.(2) They two are based on experience and can be scientifically true. However, they may be proved wrong in some domains like social aspects.(3

32、) Court officials who have made a solemn promise could explore the doubtful cases then specify those really guilty few and report to punish them according to laws.(4) Information technology can not provide convincing answers to such questions thus ending up being doubted by public, following nuclear power and genetic engineering.(5) Internet based investigations might succeed, but they are usually less reliable than traditional randomly sampled polls.4. Cloze(1) sophisticated(2) protect(3) named(4) emplo