专题 12 感叹句和倒装句解析版.docx

1、专题 12 感叹句和倒装句解析版【2019 青海省中考】_ useful advice you gave us!A. What B. What a C. How【参考答案】A 【试题解析】句意：你给了我们多么有用的建议啊！分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据useful advice 可知句型结构为：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！，句中advice消息，不可数名词。故选A。此题易误选B，很多学生容易把advice当成是可数名词，且useful是以辅音音音素开头的单词，所以第一空很容易误填What a，其实advice是不可数名

2、词，前不用冠词，useful是形容词，故前用what修饰。感叹句的基本用法 用来表示说话人强烈的喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子，叫感叹句。感叹句由what或how引导，具体用法如下表：类别结构例句what引导What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!What a kind girl ( she is )! （她是）一个多么善良的女孩啊！What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词/不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!What beautiful flowers ( they are)! 多么漂亮的花！What bad weather ( it is )! 多么糟糕的天气！

3、how引导How + 主语 + 谓语!How time flies! 时间飞逝！How + 形容词/副词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!How brave ( the hero is )!（这个英雄）真勇敢！How slowly he walks! 他走得多慢啊!How + 形容词 + a/an + 单数可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）!How clever ( a boy he is )! （他是）一个多么聪明的男孩啊！【典例】【2019 内蒙古呼和浩特中考】Guan Dong saved an old lady out of the Yangtze River. _ great courage he

4、 showed! A. What a B. What C. How a D. How 【答案】B【解析】句意：关董救了一位老太太走出长江。他表现出多么杰出的勇气啊！从句意知，本题考查的是感叹句，由于courage是不可数名词，因此用感叹词 What，故选B。【2019 湖南省邵阳中考】_ different life is today!Yeah. We are all living a happy and rich life now. A. What a B. How C. What【答案】B【解析】分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据diff

5、erent life is today可知句型结构为：How +形容词+主语+谓语动词！different形容词，不同的， life生活，主语故选B。陈述句改感叹句 陈述句变为感叹句时，常使用一断二加三换位的方法：1. 一断，即在谓语后边断开，使句子分为两部分。She is a beautiful girl. 她是一位美丽的姑娘。He works hard. 他工作努力。2. 二加，即如果第二部分为副词、形容词，就加上how；如果是一个名词(词组)，就加上what。She is (what) a beautiful girl. He works (how) hard. 3. 三换位，即把第一部

6、分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹号。What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works! 【典例】She is a hard-working student. (改为感叹句)_【答案】What a hard-working student she is! /How hard-working she is!【解析】感叹句有What. 和How. 两种结构，在该题中，如果用What，感叹部分为What a hard-working student；而如果用How，感叹部分则为How hard-working。感叹句记忆口诀感叹句，并不难，what

7、与how应在前。形容词、副词跟着how，what后面名词连。名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。主语、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见 It was because I was caught in the traffic jam _ I came to school late this morning.A. which B. when C. what D. that【参考答案】D 【试题解析】本题考查强调句。这是一个强调句型It is.that.结构，强调原因状语，故选D。句意：今天早上我来学习迟到是因为我陷于交通阻塞。此题考查强调句型，It is/was被强调部分that/who.，判断强调句型的一

8、个原则是，把It is/was和that/who.去掉，句子仍然是一个完整的句子，此句把It was和空处之后，剩下的为because I was caught in the traffic jam I came to school late this morning，仍然是一个完整的句子，故判断此题考查强调句型，故选D。 强调句型是一种特殊句式，用于表达说话任强烈的感情或意愿。强调就是使句中某一部分所包含的信息，通过某种手段比一般情况下显得更加重要。 1. 强调句的基本结构及用法(1)基本句型： It is/was被强调部分that/who. It is only by listening

9、to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.只有通过倾听和相互理解， 孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。 (强调方式状语) (2)一般疑问句形式： Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他？ Was it because he behaved badly that he was punished by this teacher? 是因为他表现太差而受到老师的惩罚吗？(3)特殊疑问句形式： 特殊疑问词is/was itthat其他？ ,特殊疑问词就是被强

10、调部分。When was it that he made up his mind to take this course? 他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的？ 【易错警示】当疑问句式的强调句出现在名词性从句中时，疑问句语序要变成陈述句语序。He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake. 他问我是谁错拿了他的雨伞。 I just wonder why it is that Mr. Black seldom mentions his childhood?(4)强调句的反义疑问句强调句的反义疑问句由that/who前的主句确定用isn

11、t it 或wasnt it.It is Mr. Smith who will come to give us a lecture tomorrow, isnt it?It was in the dining room that you lost your wallet , wasnt it?(4)含有not. until. 的强调句型： It is/was not until被强调部分that. It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan. 直到信的末尾她才提到她自己的计划。2. 强调

12、句中it的应用It在强调句中无实际意义，也不可以用that 或this替代。3. 强调句中be动词的应用若原句是现在时或将来时，be动词用is ;若原句为过去时，则be动词用was.另外，可视情况在be动词前加情态动词may, might, could , must等，表明说话人的语气。强调句的否定式在be动词后加not。It is his determination rather than cleverness that has made him more and more successful.It was in the village school that I finished my

13、primary school.It might be in the office that you left your keys.It was not everyone that can do such a thing.4. 强调句中that/who的应用若强调句的被强调部分是人，用that或who均可；若被强调部分指物或其他情况，则一律用that.如：It was Tony who/that happened to meet our English teacher in the bookstore.It was in the bookstore that Tony happened to m

14、eet our English teacher in the bookstore5. 强调句不能强调定语和谓语动词强调谓语动词时， 要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词do, does或did。 The family did manage to send him to a technical school. 家里的确设法让他上技术学校。 1）强调主语It is my parents that always encourage me to try new things.注意：强调主语时，应注意原句的谓语动词仍与被强调的主语保持一致。被强调的部分的主语无论是单数还是复数形式，强调结构中的be 动词只能用

15、is或was.例如：It is I who am going to the cinema with some friends.It is Lucy and Mary that will come to see me this Sunday.2）强调宾语It was an English-Chinese dictionary that I bought this morning.3）强调状语It is because of illness that he failed to attend the meeting.It is only when something gets lost that y

16、ou can realize how important it is to you.注意：当被强调部分是原因状语从句时，从句只能用because 引导，而不能用since 或as引导。如：It was because she was busy that she refused to help you.1. 【2019 广东省中考】_ smart the driverless car is! I really want to have one.A. What B. What a C. What an D. How【答案】D【解析】句意：无人驾驶汽车多智能啊！我真的想买一辆。根据感叹句结构What

17、 +（a/an） + 形容词+名词（+主语+谓语+其他）+! How +形容词/副词（+主语+谓语+其他）+！smart智能的（形容词），the driverless car 主语，is系动词；故选D。2. 【2019 黑龙江省哈尔滨中考】Lucy,lookatthestarsinthesky._!A.Whatbrightitis B.Howbrighttheyare C.Whatbrighttheyare【答案】B【解析】考查感叹句句型。“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”。3. 【2019 湖南省长沙中考】_ fun it is to have a field trip on the Oran

18、ge Island!A. What B. What a C. How【答案】A【解析】句意：在橘子岛上进行野外旅行是多么有趣啊！fun用作形容词时，只能放在名词的前面作定语。此句中fun是不可数名词，感叹句应该由what来引导，What a后跟可数名词单数，排除B；How+形容词或副词，排除C。故答案为A。4. 【2019 江苏省宿迁中考】_ wonderful the music is! Whats its name?Victory.A. How B. How a C. What D. What a【答案】A【解析】句意：多么美妙的音乐啊!它的名字是什么?Victory。考查感叹句。how和

19、what都可用于引导感叹句：how修饰形容词或副词，what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句wonderful（美妙的）是形容词，需用how引导。根据句意结构，可知选A。5. 【2019 甘肃武威中考】_ useful the information youve provided is!A. What a B. What C. What an D. How【答案】D【解析】本题考查感叹句。句意：你提供的信息是多么地有用啊！。形容词useful后无名词，the information is为主语和系动词，youve provided为定语，修饰the information。用how+形容词+主语+谓

20、语结构，故选D。6. 【2019 吉林省中考】_ beautiful song it is!Yes. It is Taylor Swifts new song. A. How B. What C. What a【答案】C【解析】分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据beautiful song it is!可知句型结构为：What +a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语动词！句意：这首歌多美啊！故选C。 7. 【2019 四川省广元中考】_ fine weather it is!A. What a B. How C. What 【答案】C【解析

21、】句意：多好的天气啊！分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据fineweather可知句型结构为：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！句中weather天气，不可数名词。故选C。8. 【2019 广西省北部湾经济中考】Look at my new dress.Wow! _ beautiful it is!A. How B. How a C. What D. What a【答案】A【解析】句意：看我的新裙子。哇！太漂亮了！考查感叹句。Wow! _ beautiful it is!可知，本题考查感叹句，由题干可知本句的中心词是beauti

22、ful，它是一个形容词，所以应用how来引导感叹句，故答案选A。9. Its a long time ago _ I saw you last time.A. when B. since C. for D. that【答案】D【解析】考查固定句型。It is . that.正是，是强调句型，可以强调除谓语意外的成分；强调句型去掉后，不影响句意。句意就在很久以前，我最后一次见你。故选D。10. Its time _. A. to go to home B. to go home C. going to home D. going home【答案】B【解析】Its time to do表示该到做某

23、事的时候了，go home表示回家的意思，故本题选B。11. 【2019 甘肃省天水市】_ exciting news it is! Beijing will hold 2022 Winter Olympic Games. A. What an B. What C. How D. How an【答案】B【解析】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息啊！北京将举办2022年冬奥会。分析句子结构可知考查感叹句，在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据exciting news it is可知句型结构为：What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词！句中news消息，不可数名词。故选B。12.

24、【2019 山东省青岛中考】_ special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting.A. What B. What a C. How a D. How【答案】A【解析】句意：我们上的课多么不寻常啊！我们学到了很多剪纸的知识。感叹句的基本结构：How形容词/副词主语谓语+其他! What+（a/an）(形容词)名词主语+谓语+其他！题干中的中心词classess是可数名词复数，符合What形容词可数名词复数（主语+谓语+其他）！，故答案选A。13. 【2019 湖北省随州中考】All of my classmates

25、 have passed the PE test._ exciting the news is!A. What B. What an C. How D. How an【答案】C【解析】句意：我所有的同学们已经通过了体育考试。那个消息是多么令人兴奋！这里是感叹句，用how来感叹，排除A、B；其结构是How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。排除D。根据题意，故选C。14. 【2019 江苏省淮安中考】It is said that 5G is coming. It will improve our life great!_ amazing it is!A. What an B. How a C. Wha

26、t D. How【答案】D【解析】句意：据说5G就要来了。它将极大地改善我们的生活！它是多么令人惊讶呀！这里是感叹句，感叹名词用what，感叹形容词用how，amazing是形容词，排除AC；其结构是How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语。排除B，根据题意，故选D。1. (2019年汕头市潮南区模拟) useful suggestion you offer! Thank you!Youre welcome!A. What an B. What a C. How an D. How【答案】B【解析】句意：你提供了一条多么有用的建议啊! 谢谢你。不用谢。A.What an+元音音素开头的形容词+可数名词

27、单数；B. What a+辅音音素开头的形容词+可数名词单数；C. How an错误；D. How+形容词/副词。useful suggestion为辅音音素开头的形容词+可数名词单数，故选B。2019年江苏省连云港市赣榆实验中学中考英语模拟试题2._ youve made! But you should still work hard, the teacher said to the boy.A. What great progress B. How a big mistakeC. What a big mistake D. How great progress【答案】A【解析】句意：“但是

28、你还是应该努力学习。”老师对男孩说。感叹句具体构成如下：（1）what + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！（2）what +形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语！（3）how+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！ mistake或progress是名词可知填what，可知选A或C；A. What great progress多大的进步啊；C. What a big mistake多大的错误啊。根据下文“但是你还是应该努力学习。”可知“你取得了多大的进步啊！” 故选A。3. (珠海市北大附属实验学校初中部2020届九年级上学期10月调研)_wonderful advice !A. H

29、ow B. What a C. How a D. What【答案】D【解析】句意“多么完美的建议啊！”。本句话中省略了主语和谓语的感叹句。形容词wonderful修饰不可数名词advice，用“what+adj+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）”结构，故选D。3. (北京市上地实验学校2019-2020学年九年级上学期第二次统练)_ the mooncakes are！A. What delicious B. How delicious C. What a delicious D. How a delicious【答案】B【解析】句意：多美味的月饼啊！考查感叹句。根据句中mooncakes可知，不可

30、用不定冠词a，C、D选项排除。句子主谓结构是the mooncakes are，前面的单词是形容词delicious，应用how修饰，故应选B。4. (山东滨州部分学校2019-2020学年九年级上学期第一次月考)-_useful advice he gave me! _kind he is!A. What, How B. How, What C. What a, How D. What an, How【答案】A【解析】句意：他给我的是多么有用的建议啊！他是多么的善良啊！考查感叹句的用法。what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式：1. What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！2. W