杭州师范大学综合英语考研真题.docx

1、杭州师范大学综合英语考研真题杭 州 师 范 大 学 2015 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题 考试科目代码： 718 考试科目名称： 综合英语 说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。I. Cloze（每小题1分，共30分）Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words (the first letter is given). Every aspect of language is extremely complex. Yet very young (1) c_ -before the age of fivealready (2)

2、k_ most of the intricate system we have been calling the grammar of a (3) l_. Before they can add 2+2, children are conjoining sentences, asking (4) q_, using appropriate pronouns, negating sentences, forming relative clauses, and using the syntactic, phonological, morphological, and semantic (5) r_

3、 of the grammar.A normal human being can go (6) t_ life without learning to read or (7) w_. Millions of people in the world today do. These same people (8) s_ and understand a language, and they can (9) d_ ideas as complex and abstract (10) a_ literate speakers can. Learning to speak and understand

4、a language, and (11) l_ to read and write, are different. Similarly, millions (12) h_ never learn algebra or chemistry or how to (13) u_ a computer. They must be taught these skills or systems, but they do not have to be (14) t_ to walk or to talk. If fact, “We are designed to walk. That we are taug

5、ht to walk is impossible. And pretty much the (15) s_ is true of language. (16) N_ is taught language. In fact you cant prevent the child (17) f_ learning it.”The (18) s_ of the grammars of human languages has revealed a great deal (19) a_ language acquisition, about what a child does and does not d

6、o when learning a language. First, it is obvious that children do not (20) l_ a language (21) b_ storing all the words and all the (22) s_ in some giant mental dictionary. The list of (23) w_ is finite, but no dictionary can hold all the sentences, which are (24) i_ in number. Rather, they learn to

7、construct and understand sentences, most of which they have never produced or (25) h_ before.Children must therefore (26) c_ the rules that permit them to use their language creatively. No one teaches (27) t_ these rules. Their parents are no (28) m_ aware of the phonological, morphological, syntact

8、ic, and semantic rules that are the children. Children seem to (29) act l_ efficient linguists equipped with a perfect theory of language, and they use this (30) t_ to construct the grammar of the language they hear.II. Reading Comprehension (每小题2分，共60分)Directions: There are 6 passages in this secti

9、on. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Pop stars today

10、enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of Royalty. Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them. The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven Rolls-Royces,

11、 private helicopters or executive airplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, press agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported, for, like Royalty, pop stars are news. If they enjoy many of the privil

12、eges of Royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public. They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them. They are no longer private individuals, but public property. The financial reward

13、s they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are astronomical.And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scale. By tod

14、ays standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. The competition for the titleTop of the Pops is fierce, but the rewards are truly colossal.It is only right that the sta

15、rs should be paid in this way. Dont the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency often more than large industrial concerns and the taxman can only be grateful for their massive annual contributions to the exchequer. So who would begrudge them their rewards?Its all very well for people in humdrum jobs to moan about the successes and rewards of others. People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent onl