中西饮食差异英文论文.docx

1、中西饮食差异英文论文 学号_ 密级_ 本科毕业论文 中西饮食习惯差异院（系）名 称： 专 业 名 称 ： 学 生 姓 名 ： 指 导 教 师 ： 二一一年二月BACHELORS DEGREE THESIS OF WUHAN UNIVERSITYDifferences between Chinese and Western Eating Habits College： Subject： Name ： Directed by ： February 2011郑 重 申 明本人呈交的学位论文，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，所有数据、图片资料真实可靠。尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容

2、外，本学位论文的研究成果不包含他人享有著作权的内容。对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人和集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明。本学位论文的知识产权归属于培养单位。本人签名： 日期： 摘 要饮食是人类生存与发展的必需，与每个人的生活密切相关。但由于中西方传统文化的差异，导致了中西方在饮食习惯上出现差异。本文从饮食观念、饮食方式、对象三方面出发，研究中西饮食习惯的差异。关键词：饮食观念；方式；对象；ABSTRACT Diet is the necessity in the life and also the development of human beings. Because of the

3、 differences between Chinese and western cultural traditions, the Chinese and the western are different in eating habits. The paper studies the differences through the concept of two different diets, different dietary patterns，and different objects. Key words: Dietary concept; dietary patterns; obje

4、ctsContentsChapter One:Chapter Two:Chapter Three:Chapter One: IntroductionThere is a saying that “To the people foodstuff is all-important”, so food is the basis for the survival and development of human race. To the development of dietary culture, China and the western countries have made a signifi

5、cant contribution. Both of them have formed their own unique eating culture system. As one of the four world ancient nations, China has a long dietary history almost as long as Chinese civilization. The remote Chinese have paid much attention to eating. And now the Chinese are pursuing beauty of die

6、t. But this difference is more rational concept of the Western diet. Therefore, it is no wonder that there are many differences between Chinese and western in eating habits, because of the different concepts, dietary patterns, objects. But both of them have the advantages and disadvantages. So we ca

7、n combine the good Chinese eating habits with the wests to create the best eating habits. Also, we can make a further communication with each other though studying these cultural differences.Chapter Two2.1. The Concept of Two Different DietsMany dieting habit differences are mainly about raw, tastes

8、 and cook methods. They are affected by regional characteristics, climate environment and customs. Different cultures influent the concepts of the diets in different countries. I will introduce you something about the China and western countries.Chinese diet is a sense of beauty. An old saying is th

9、at: “Food is eating well-deserved for human beings.” It is the basic theory of Chinese dieatry culture. for example, many Chinese festivals are linked to some special food. They always eat Zongzi during Dragon Boat Festival to commemorate the patriot Qu Yuan. Another example, the custom of eating th

10、e festive specialty: cakes shaped like the moon is shared by all of the Chinese. Although our nation are enter into agriculture society in early times, low productivity for thousands of years and many disaters in history made Chinese pay much attention to eating. So the Chinese tried their best to s

11、olve the problem of hungry. They not only did this, but also began to pursuit the beauty of diet. It is acklnowledged that the Chiese diet is a kind of art. When they are cooking, they must take the flavor, color, materials and so on into consideration. Reconcile is the most important thing. It incl

12、udes the good collocation of color, materials and the good control of the taste and temperature. They can cook according to imagination. In addition, the Chinese usually keep healthy though eating. Because they believe food is better than medicine. For example, eating tomatoes can protect against su

13、nburn and it is not easily to have black eyes.Compared with Chinese diet, the western diet is a rational concept. On one hand, it always ignores the color, flavor and shape of the food. What it cares about is that the intake of calories, protein and vitamins in every day. In other word, what the mos

14、t important is how much the nutrition they take in every day. Its on wonder that the westerners are stronger than Chinese. But on the other hand, it becomes an obstacle to dietary culture. The ignorance of the collocation of color, materials and the good control of the flavor and temperature make th

15、e food tasted simple, also do the dietary culture. It can say it is no art to appreciate of the western diet even if it is so luxurious. For example, in a dish of “French Muttonchops”, one side is potato mud with muttonchops; another side is ripe beans plus a few tablets of tomatoes. Although the co

16、lor of dish is clear, the tastes of the various materials are separated, so the entire flavor is simple.In the end, with the busy life in western country, many people have a little time to eat, so fast-food is becoming their trend .However, Chinese like to eat at home in a traditional way. They take

17、 the united idea as the happy thing, such as “spring festival”.2.2. Two Different Dietary PatternsThe Chinese dietary pattern is very different from the Westerns, and these differences may affect the national characteristics. The prominent difference is that in China, there only be one pattern sitti

18、ng together and sharing one feast in a celebration, no matter what. Chinese always use round table while having a meal, which creates a unity and courtesy of form in some degree. Delicious dishes are put in the centre of the table, which are the objects for people to enjoy and taste, and also the in

19、termediate of communication. People toast and talk with each other and share the dishes. It reflects the mutual respect between people and shows the virtues of comity in face of the good things. This pattern conforms of our national “unity” mentality, although it has the obvious shortcomings from th

20、e health point of view. So this pattern is very popular in China. For example, especially at New Years Eve, Chinese people always sit together and share a big dinner. They talk a lot and always take food to each other, which is also a way to facilitating the emotional exchanges.Compared to Chinese d

21、ietary patterns, western banquets are totally different in some points. The main difference is buffet dinner which gains popular in west. On the table, all the food is put. People can get the food they want who will not be fixed in their places. They can walk as they like. This form can facilitate p

22、ersonal emotional exchanges, which also reflects westerners are pusuiting of freedom and individuality. And it is also a healthy way to eat, for eating themselves. But it may lack of the atmosphere of harmony and unity like Chinese dinner pattern. Except the pattern said above, there is another diff

23、erence. When having a meal, the Chinese always use chopsticks which called “Kuai Zi” in Chinese. It is used as the main tableware for more than 3000 years, which plays an important role in Chinese food culture. Under the culture guidance of Confucianism, chopsticks represent gentleness and benevolen

24、ce, the main moral teachings of Confucianism. According to U.S. nutritionist, Professor Herman said, “When Chinese use chopsticks to eat, which needs to use dozens of muscles and joints mo. So it is no exaggeration to call it as Fitness activities.” While the tableware used in western countries cant

25、 achieve this function. To eat and taste Chinese food, using chopsticks might be the only and also the best way.Instead of the chopsticks used in China, knife and fork are used as the main tableware in western countries. At first, they only use knife. The knife in early times is made of stone and bo

26、ne. Later, it developed to bronze knife and iron knife. One knife cant be called tableware in a serious sense like chopsticks. Because it has many uses, like slaughtering, dissecting and cutting the hunting food. Westerners must take the knife with them, for they dont have a fixed home in a large ra

27、nch or grassland. Until they move into cities, knives are welcomed in kitchen. And then it becomes the main tableware in the west. Westerners like to eat blocks of meat which arent always ripe and also breads. They often use knives to cut them into pieces or small one, and use forks to put them into

28、 mouth. Knife and fork are usually thought to represent a sort of authority, tyrannical and resemble cold weapons. 2.3: Different in ObjectsThere is a common phenomenon that the westerners generally look very strong, high, and have long legs, developed muscles. On the contrary, the Chinese look shor

29、t, thin, and have narrow shoulders, yellow skin, and week body in the large. These differences are mainly caused by different dietaries.Talking to what the food the Chinese eat, we may use the word “Vegetarian” to describe them. In other word, in China, people generally eat vegetables. The agricultu

30、ral structure of China is breeding. The staple food is rice and noodle, and non-staple food is vegetable with a little meat. The word “dish” is for the sound in China, which has some links with the plants. As a matter of fact, vegetable dish is the main food in Chineses daily life. While the meat di

31、shes usually offered on holidays and in rich families. Why do Chinese eat vegetables? Dating back to the Han Dynasty, Buddhism is imported to China. Under the historical conditions of China that time, Buddhism began to take root in China society. It advocates vegetarian which affects the Chinese die

32、tary a lot. The Buddhists regard animals as people and plants have no soul. Partly because of this, vegetarian diets dominate in the normal structure in China for thousands of years.Except this, it is really a serious problem that China cant afford enough food to people sometimes. China has a total area of 960 square kilometers whose agricultural structure is breeding, among these only an area of 18.26 million Mu are cultivated land. In other word, per capita land area is 1.3 acres, because of a