高考英语重难增分篇第二讲非谓语动词讲与练新人教版.docx

1、高考英语重难增分篇第二讲非谓语动词讲与练新人教版第二讲非谓语动词李仕才第一课时知识过关课复习非谓语动词还需掌握以下几点：1.句法作用(除谓语外的其他成分)2.时态和语态(以do为例)不定式ing形式过去分词主动一般式to dodoingdone是唯一形式进行时to be doing完成时to have donehaving done被动一般式to be donebeing done完成式to have been donehaving been done时态与语态的判断方法：3.非谓语动词的逻辑主语充当句子成分宾语和表语状语定语宾补逻辑主语句子的主语所修饰的词句子的宾语4.有特殊要求的动词或动词

2、短语(1)有的动词后只能用不定式而不能接动名词作宾语。如ask，demand(要求)，plan，intend，mean(计划)，manage，do/try ones best，make an attempt，learn(学习)，wish，hope，desire，expect，long，want，would like，should like，would prefer(希望、愿意)，agree，promise(同意)，decide，determine，choose，make a decision，make up ones mind(决定)，offer(主动提出)，apply(申请)，help(帮助

3、)，fail(不能、没有)，prepare(准备)，pretend(假装)，refuse(拒绝)，happen(碰巧)，afford(负担得起)等。(2)有的动词或动词短语后只能用动名词而不能接不定式。如allow，permit(允许)，consider(考虑)，suggest，advise(建议)，keep(on)(反复；不停)，finish(完成)，imagine(想象)，practise(练习)，understand(明白)，appreciate，enjoy(喜欢)，miss(错过；怀念)，prevent(阻止)，forbid(禁止)，escape(避免)，include(包括)，for

4、give，pardon，excuse(原谅)，dislike(厌恶)，discuss(讨论)，report(报道)，admit(承认)，mind(介意)，risk(冒险)，cant stand(不能忍受)，burst out(突然开始)，feel like(想要)，insist on(坚持)，delay(推迟，延误)，put off(推迟)，give up(放弃)，be busy(忙于)，be worth(值得)等。(3)下列动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同：remember to do(记住去做)，remember doing(记得做过)；forget to do(忘记去做)，fo

5、rget doing(忘记做过)；regret to do(遗憾地做)，regret doing(后悔做了)；try to do(设法做)，try doing(试做)；go on to do(接着做另一事)，go on doing(继续做同一事)；mean to do(打算做)，mean doing(意味着)；stop to do(停下来去做)，stop doing(停止做)；cant help to do(不能帮助做)，cant help doing(情不自禁做)。(4)在介词后一般用动名词，下面是一些含介词的固定句式(其中有的介词有时会被省略)：prevent/stop/keep.from

6、 doing(阻止做)；spend/waste time or money in doing(在做方面花费/浪费时间或金钱)；How/What about doing sth(做怎么样？)；have some difficulty/trouble in doing(在做方面有些困难)；have a hard time in doing sth(做某事很艰难)；there is no sense in doing(做是没有理由/道理的)；thank/excuse/admire/praise/blame/scold/punish sb for doing sth(因做某事而感谢/原谅/羡慕/表扬/

7、责备/责骂/惩罚某人)等。(5)to是介词的固定词组很多，常见的有：look forward to(盼望)，devote.to/be devoted to(致力于)，be/get used to(习惯)，lead to(导致)，get down to(开始认真)，pay attention to(注意)，refer to(谈到)，point to(指向)，turn to(转向)，object to(反对)，be equal to(等于，能胜任)，belong to(属于)等。(6)在表示“需要”的need，want，require等后用v.ing的主动式表示被动含义，此时也可用不定式的被动式。

8、(7)在make，let，have(使，让)等使役动词后作宾补的不定式要省略不定式符号to，但在被动语态后作主补时要加上to。在hear，see，watch等感官动词后，作宾补时，用原形表示动作全过程；用现在分词表示当时动作正在发生；若是被动语态，原形前要加上to。此外，表示情感的动词，其分词作形容词用时，v.ing表示“令人的”事物；v.ed表示“感到的”。如：surprising令人吃惊的(事物)；surprised(人)感到吃惊的。读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，留意领悟黑体画线的非谓语动词。思考：是哪类非谓语动词，在句中作什么成分。Good afternoon，Ladies and

9、gentlemen.It is a great honor for me to_introduce1 this English speech contest.As we all know，to_master2 a foreign language is very important for us.Taking_part3 in English speech is a helpful way to_learn_English4.Everyone wants to_show 5 their best.When we have been preparing for it，we can improve

10、 our listening_and_speaking6 ability，developing7 a good habit of learning_English8.In the process of the competition，you should pay attention to the rules made_by_us9.First，you should make your voice heard10 clearly by everyone，so reading_aloud11 is very necessary.Second，you should try your best to_

11、express12 yourself in English fluently.Finally，you should finish your speech in five minutes.I am sure the English speech competition will be a great success and the audience will feel satisfied13 with our performance.Thank you!1.to introduce this English speech contest是不定式作真正的主语，it是形式主语。2.to master

12、 a foreign language也是不定式作主语。3.Taking part in English speech是动名词短语作主语。4.to learn English是不定式作定语，修饰way。5.to show their best是不定式作宾语，在want，hope，decide等动词后，若用动词作宾语，只能用不定式。6.listening and speaking是动名词作定语，修饰ability，表示类别。7.developing a good habit of learning English是现在分词短语作状语。8.learning English是动名词短语作介词of的宾

13、语。9.made by us是过去分词短语作后置定语。10.heard clearly by everyone是过去分词短语作宾补。11.reading aloud是动名词短语作主语。12.to express yourself in English fluently是不定式作目的状语。13.satisfied是过去分词作形容词，在句中作表语，意为“感到满意的”。.单句填空(用所给动词的适当形式填空)1.Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day，wearing(

14、wear)sunglasses.2.I noticed a man sitting(sit)at the front.3.He spat it out，saying(say) it was awful.4.She wished that he was as easy to_please(please) as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume.5.For example，the proverb，“plucking up a crop to_help(help) it grow”，is based on the following s

15、tory.6.Simon made a big bamboo box to_keep(keep) the little sick bird till it could fly.7.His first book to_be_published(publish) next month is based on a true story.8.Lydia doesnt feel like studying(study) abroad.Her parents are old.9.Sarah pretended to be cheerful，saying(say) nothing about the arg

16、ument.10.I had great difficulty finding(find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.11.It rained heavily in the south，causing(cause) serious flooding in several provinces.12.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and weighing(weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a chi

17、ld safety seat.13.I cant stand working(work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses to_stop(stop) talking while she works.14.As a result of the serious flood，twothirds of the buildings in the area need repairing/to_be_repaired(repair).15.Isnt it time you got down to marking(mark) the papers?1

18、6.Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to setting(set) up some schools for poor children.17.Tsinghua University，founded(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.18.Li Jian put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded(remind) of his own dreams.1

19、9.Offered(offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy had got a chance to become famous.20.Claire had her luggage checked(check) an hour before her plane left.21.Alexander tried to get his work recognized(recognize) in the medical circles.22.A great number of students questioned(question) said they

20、 were forced to practise the piano.单句改错(下列每句中最多有两处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改正。)动词不定式1.He managed escape from the fire.在manage后加to2.Nothing will make me to change my mind.去掉to3.Mary doesnt have to be made learn because she always works hard.在be_made后加to4.He hurried to the train station，only find t

21、he train had gone.在find前加to5.Tired from work，he wants to do nothing but to watch TV.去掉watch前的to6.At present，I have no choice but wait.在but后加to7.You feel stressed out.Why not having a chat with our teachers？havinghave8.I dont think it possible to mastering a foreign language without much memory work.

22、masteringmaster9.Ive worked with children before，so I know what expect in my new job.在expect前加to10.All of you can have another try if you want.在want后加to动词ing形式11.In our city，there are a lot of restaurants that serving western food.去掉that/servingserve12.You cant imagine how excited it is to listen to

23、 top scientists share their prediction on what the world will be like in a century.excitedexciting13.Sit beside me，my beloved daughter gave me a vivid description of what she experienced in her dream.SitSitting14.We were kept to waiting for quite a long time before the host turned up.去掉waiting前的to15

24、.On the Dragon Boat Festival，we saw the seashore crowded with people watched the dragon boat race.watchedwatching16.It is no good copy the answer without trying to understand it.copycopying17.Missing the train mean waiting for another hour.meanmeans18.The majority of the people questioned in an onli

25、ne survey are opposed to increase retirement age.increaseincreasing19.As a senior 3 student preparing for the coming test，he spends most of his time improve this problemsolving ability.improveimproving20.It is reported that the hurricane caused great damage to the constructions of the town，with tens

26、 of hundreds of houses destroyed by the fallen trees.fallenfalling动词ed形式21.Now when people refer to England you find Wales including as well.includingincluded22.Exhausting，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.ExhaustingExhausted23.The paintings being stolen from the museum havent been found.去掉stolen

27、前的being24.The murderer was brought in, with his hands tying behind.tyingtied25.Mr.Smith，tired of the bored speech，started to read a novel.boredboring26.Seeing from the space，the earth looks blue.SeeingSeen27.The architects inviting by the king thought highly of the bridge built，and gave more suggest

28、ions before it was finished.invitinginvited；在built前加being28.Keep in refrigerator，these vegetables will remain fresh.KeepKept29.Do you think the workers can get the job finishing on time？finishingfinished30.We hear it say frequently that what now people most desire is security.saysaid.语篇填空(用所给动词的正确形式

29、填空)1._(fall) in love with a beautiful lady，a lion went to her parents and asked them 2._(marry) her to him.The old parents did not know what to say.Not 3._(hope) to give their daughter to the lion，they did not want 4._(anger) the king of beasts.At last the father said，“We are glad 5._(marry) our dau

30、ghter to you，but we fear that you might possibly hurt her.So 6._(remove) your claws and teeth，you can marry her.”7._(love) the lady very much，the lion trimmed(修剪) his claws and took out his big teeth.8._(come) to the parents again，he was simply laughed in his face.9._(beat) out of the house，the lion

31、 felt 10._(depress) and died soon.【语篇导读】这是一则有深刻意义的寓言故事。寓意：有些人轻易相信别人的话，抛弃自己的长处，结果轻而易举地被原来害怕自己的人击败了。1.Fallinga lion与fall是主动关系，用v.ing形式作状语，表示原因。2.to marryask sb to do sth，不定式作宾补。3.hopingthey与hope是主动关系，用v.ing形式作状语，表示让步，相当于Although they didnt hope to.4.to angerwant后只能用不定式作宾语，意为“不想激怒百兽之王”。5.to marry在作表语的形容词glad后作状语，表示原因，只能用不定式。6.removingyou与remove是主动关系，用v.ing形式作状语，表示条件，相当于if you remove.。7.Lovingthe lion与love是主动关系，用v.ing形式作状语，表示原因。8.Cominghe与come是主动关系，用v.ing形式作伴随状语。