人民大学博士生入学考试英语试题及答案.docx

1、人民大学博士生入学考试英语试题及答案2004年人民大学博士生入学考试英语试题（客观题）请用铅笔将此部分试题的答案填涂在答题卡上，否则无效！II. Vocabulary (10 points)PartA (5 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a si

2、ngle bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1.Example:She prefers foreign wine to that produced_A. previously B. virtually C. primarily D. domesticallyThe sentence should read; She prefers foreign wine to that produce domestically. Therefore, you should choose D.Sample Answer A B C D 1. Inter

3、national sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages_ patriotism. A. obsolete B. aggressive C. harmonious D. amiable2One call understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and _ to e

4、xpressed thoughts.A. dilemmas B. countenances C. concessions D. junctions3. People innately _ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.A. strive B. ascertain C. justify D. adhere4. Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of zo

5、o or wildlife _for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.A. conservation B. maintenance C. storage D. reserve5. According to the latest report, consumer confidence_ a breathtaking 15 points .last month,

6、 to its lowest level in 9 years.A. soared B. mutated C. plummeted D. fluctuated6. Melissa is a computer_ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.A. genius B. virus C. disease D. bacteria7. The_ emphasis on examinations is by far the worst form of competit

7、ion in schools.A. negligent B. edible C. fabulous D. disproportionate8. The boy seemed more _ to their poverty, after seeing how his grandparents lived.A. reconciled B. consolidated C. deteriorated D. attributed9. During his two-month stay, in China, Tom never_ a chance to practice his Chinese.A. pa

8、ssed on B. passed up C. passed by D. passed out10. When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his _ can be distributed.A. paradoxes B. legacies C. platitudes D. analogiesPart B (5 points)Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence

9、are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underlined part. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET I 11. He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional roles such as cooking or ta

10、king care of the baby. A. depict B. advocate C. criticize D. analyze12. They achieved more than they had ever dreamed, lending a magic to their family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival. A. confirm B. achieve C. match D. exaggerate 13.The most urgent thing is to find a dump for

11、 those toxic industrial wastes. A. imminent B. recyclable C. smelly D. poisonous14. British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would nor be fired without an attempt to win a further U.N. sanction. A. allies B. delegates C. voters D. juries 15. The analysis suggests that the

12、tradeoff between our childrens college and our own retirement security is chilling. A. frightening B. promising C. freezing D. revealing16. Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British Crown. A. secret plan B. bold attack C. clever design D. joint effort17. Evidence,

13、reference, and formats by the thousand testify to a scrupulous researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different political positions. A. trustworthy B. intelligent C. diligent D. meticulous18. Despite their isolated lifestyle, there are no stories of women being raped or wanton v

14、iolence against civilians in the region. A. intriguing B. exasperating C. demonstrative D. unprovoked19. The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up faces for nocturnal raids in the forest. A. illegal B. night-time C. brutal D. abusive20. Though sometimes too lazy to work

15、 as hard as her sisters, Linda has a more avid fondness for the limelight. A. mercurial B. gallant C. ardent D. frugalIII. Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following passage. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brack

16、et on Answer Sheet I. Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea, 21 _ into a hobby and lately has _22 _ into a full- time passion. The two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph. D candidates _ 23 _ Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started their gu

17、ide in April 1994 as a way to keep 24 of their personal interest on the Internet. Before long they _25 _ that their home, brewed lists were becoming too long and _ 26_ Gradually they began to spend more and more time on Yahoo. During 1994, they _ 27_ yahoo into a customized database designed to_28_

18、the needs of the thousands of users_29_ began to use the service through the closely _ 30_ Internet community. They developed customized software to help them_ 31 _ locate, identify and edit material _32_ on the Internet. The name Yahoo is _ 33_ to stand for Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle

19、, but Filo and Yang insist they selected the _34 _ because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo? itself first. _ 35 _ on Yangs workstation, akebono, while the search engine was _ 36 _ on Filos computer, Konishiki. In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communication in Mountain Vi

20、ew, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files _ 37_ to larger computers _38_ at Netscape. As a result Stanfords computer network returned to _ 39_, and both parties benefited. Today, Yahoo_ 40 _ organized information on tens of thousands of computers linked to the web.21. A. became B. gr

21、ew C. turn D. intend22. A. made B. saw C. looked D. turned23. A. in B. on C. about D. for24. A. touch B. contact C. track D. record 25. A. founded B. found C. argued D. reported26.A. unwieldy B. tough C. tamable D. invaluable27.A. exchanged B. shank C. sold D. converted28. A. explain B. serve C. dis

22、cover D. evaluate29. A. which B. that C. actually D. eagerly30. A. relative B. interactive C. bound D. contacted31. A. fluently B. efficiently C. exactly D. actually 32. A. transmitted B. purchased C. sold D. stored33. A. about B. bound C. going D. supposed34. A. fable B. model C. name D. brand35. A

23、. supported B. resided C. lived D. launched36. A. connected B. lodged C. introduced D. linked37. A. over B. away C. inside D. beneath38. A. housed B. caught C. hosed D. bidden39. A. average B. normal C. ordinary D. equal40. A. attains B. detains C. maintains D. containsIV. Reading Comprehension (20

24、points)Directions: Read the following passages, decide on the best one of the choices marked A, B, C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1 Guthries contiguity principle offers

25、practical suggestions for how to break babies. One application of the threshold method involves the time young children spend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so the length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited. Most activities are scheduled to la

26、st no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start of the school year, attention spans quickly. Wane and behavior problems often result. To apply Gutiaries theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limit activities to 15 to 20 minutes. Over the next few weeks the teacher could gradua

27、lly increase the time students spend working on a single activity. The threshold method also can be applied to teaching printing handwriting. When children first learn to form letters, their movements awkward and they lack free motor coordination. The distances between lines on a page are purposely

28、wide so children can fit the letters into the space. If paper with narrow lines is initially introduced, students letters would spill over the borders and students might become frustrated. Once students can form letters within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help them

29、refine their skills. The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room. The teacher can remove the students from the classroom, give them a large stack of paper, and tell them to start making paper airplanes. After the stu

30、dents have made several airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for not building airplanes. Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter their physical education class. To employ the fatigue method, the teacher might decide to have these

31、students continue to run a few more laps after the class has begun. The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and misbehave in the media center. Reading is incompatible with talking. The media center teacher might ask the students to find interesting books and read them whi

32、le in the center. Assuming that the students find the books enjoyable, the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books rather than for talking with other students. In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep. The teacher realized that using the board and overhead projector while le