牛津上海版中考语法一轮复习之情态动词教案.docx

1、牛津上海版中考语法一轮复习之情态动词教案教学内容1.形容词一.情态动词【知识梳理】1.情态动词的概念情态动词表示说话人对某种行为或状态的看法或态度，是表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或情态的动词。情态动词还能帮助构成疑问句和否定句。考纲要求了解以下情态动词：can，may，must，need，should，shall，will，could，would，ought to及have to，be able to，used to的用法。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，其后常跟行为动词的原形。2.can (could)与be able tocan表示能力，否定形式是cant(= cannot)，co

2、uld是can的过去式，也可以表示委婉客气的语气；“be able to”表示能力，可以代替can，但是can只有两种形式：现在时形式can与过去时形式could，而“be able to”除有现在时、过去时、将来时外，还可以有现在完成时、不定式、动词ing形式等。另外，can表示本身具有某种能力，而be able to表示经过努力而能（强调结果），请比较：(1) Can you speak English? 你会说英语吗？(3) Im sorry,I cant jump that high很遗憾，我跳不到那么高。(4) Could (Can) you lend me some money?

3、你能借给我一些钱吗？(5) Im not able to help you now我现在帮不了你。(6)I havent been able to sleep well recently.近来我总是睡不好觉。(7) He will be able to finish the work on time他会按时完成工作的。(8) What can I do for you？Can I help you? /Anything I can do for you? 你要买什么？3.must, have to 和 need1）must主要指不可推卸的责任。I must start at six tonig

4、ht.我必须在今晚6点动身。Must I finish all the work today?Yes, you must (No，you neednt.)2）must在肯定句中也可表示肯定的推测。You must be tired after walking a long way.The light in his room is still on. He must be at home.3）否定句表示禁止。Cars must not be parked here.4）must的过去时、将来时和完成时，用have to / have got to来表示。Youll have to go ther

5、e at once.He had to stop smoking.5）have to的现在时，可以代替must，起情态动词的作用，意为“必须；不得不”。You have to drive on the right in the U.S.A.I havent got to get up early tomorrow.6）need主要指需要，常用于否定句或疑问句。You neednt get up so early, for it is Sunday today.Need I stay any longer?7）need也可用作实意动词，也指需要，后接名词或动词不定式。 Plant needs w

6、ater.Does he need any help?We need to work harder.4.may 和 might1）may和might主要指允许，也可表示可能。might是may的过去式，表示过去的可能、许可等。May I come in?Yes, please.She said (that) he might come late. (= She said, “He may come late. “）2）may在肯定句中也可用于表示肯定的推测。 He may be at home.3）may not在否定句中也可用于表示禁止。You may not take photos in

7、the museum.4）might也可用于现在时，表示有礼貌的请求，语气比may婉转。Might I speak to you for a moment? 5.shall, will 和 would1）shall主要指请求、建议或表示提供帮助。Shall we go to the concert tonight?Yes，lets. (No，lets not,)2）will / would主要指“请求或意愿”。would是will的过去式，表示过去的意愿，也可用于现在时表示有礼貌的请求。Will you pass me the sauce, please?I said I would supp

8、ort them. ( = I said, “I will support them. ”) 6.should 和 ought to1）should / ought to主要指“不可推卸的义务或责任”。ought to的语气比should稍强。Every student should obey the school rules.He ought not (oughtnt) to drink too much.2）should / ought to表示提出或征求意见。You should try that new restaurant.You ought to read this book. I

9、ts really interesting.3）should / ought to用于表示劝告或建议时，可用had better替代。had better (可缩略为d better)是个固定结构，had better与动词原形搭配使用，并不表示过去的行为，而是表示现在和将来的行为，意为“最好，应该”。We had better start at once.Wed better not eat too much fried food, for it is bad for our health.7.半助动词used to1）used to表示过去的习惯和状态。This river used to

10、 be clean.Our company used to do business with theirs.2）used to构成的否定句为didnt use to，在比较正式场合也可用usednt。He didnt use(d) to drink.Did you use(d) to be a farmer?He used not to drive a car.Used they to work here?3）used to do sth.和 be used to doing sth.的区别在于：used to do sth.指曾经常常做（只指过去的事）。be used to doing st

11、h. 指习惯做（可指过去、现在或将来的事）。get / become used to指习惯于（指从不习惯到习惯）。They used to live in the countryside. (=They were used to living in the countryside.)Im not used to getting up early.Youll soon get used to Chinese food.【例题精讲】例1.(上海虹口区二模)- _ you take a message for my parents, Simon?- OK.A. MayB. MustC. CouldD

12、. Should【答案】C例2.(上海静安二模)Passengers _show their passports and have their luggage checked before boarding.A. must B. need C. can D. may【答案】A例3.（上海普陀区二模）-Should I wear a suit for the concert tonight? -No , you _. It is not as serious as the one we went to last week .A. mustntB. needntC. cantD. wouldnt【

13、答案】B例4.（上海青浦区二模）Dont talk to the elderly like that, John. We _ respect and be kind to them.A. canB. mayC. needD. should【答案】D例5.（上海杨浦区二模）All passengers_ exits at the next shop. The train will not continue.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. may【答案】A【分析】A例6.（上海崇明区二模）According to the new traffic rules, all driver

14、s and passengers_wear seat belts.A. canB. mayC. needD. must【答案】D例7.(上海黄浦区二模）We _ respect the local culture and customs when traveling abroad.A. canB. needC. mayD. should【答案】D【课堂练习】1. Can I speak loudly in a library? No, you _. You should keep quiet.A. couldntB. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt【答案】B【分析】考查情

15、态动词辨析，根据句意我能在图书馆大声说话吗？不，你禁止，你应该保持安静，可知答案为B。2.-Congratulations! Youve done a wonderful job in the English Competition.-_ it be true? I cant believe it! A. Need B. Should C. Must D. Can【答案】D【分析】D3. Dad, must I practice the piano today? No, you . You may do it tomorrow.A. needntB. mustntC. shouldntD. c

16、ant【答案】A4.Must I do my homework now, Mum? . You can do it tomorrow.A. No, you needntB. No, you mustntC. Yes, you needD. Yes, you must【答案】A5.The lady in this photo be over fifty! She looks so young!A. mustnt B. mustC. cantD. can【答案】C6.I hear youve got a new iPhone 4S. _ I have a look? Yes, certainly.

17、A. MayB. DoC. ShallD. Should【答案】A7.Have you decided which senior high school to choose?Not yet. I go to Moonlight School.A. mustB. mayC. needD. should【答案】B8.Meng Fei had his arm broken while recording If You Are the One in Beijing. Really? Then perhaps he host TV programs for some time.A. needntB. m

18、ustntC. shouldntD. cant【答案】D9. Must we wear our school uniform this afternoon?No, you . All of us will go on an outing.A. mustntB. cantC. needntD. couldnt【答案】C10.That man _ be my English teacher. He has gone to Canada.A. needntB. mustntC. cantD. may not【答案】C11.In competition, as in life, you _ not a

19、lways win.A. mayB. shallC. mustD. should【答案】A12. Shall we take a taxi? No, we . Its not far from here.A. cantB. mustntC. shouldntD. neednt【答案】D13.My brother won the first prize in speech competition.Congratulations! You be excited about that!A. needB. mustC. wouldD. can【答案】B14.Tom,you _ play with th

20、e knife. You_ hurt yourself.A. wont,cantB. mustnt,mayC. shouldnt,mustD. cant,should【答案】B15.Is Maria knocking at the door? It _be her. She is in Australia now.A. may notB. needntC. mustntD. cant【答案】C16.You _ be happy with the strong public support youve received.Yes, youre right. Im really excited.A.

21、 mayB. canC. mustD. need【答案】C17.Is that girl under the tree Mary? No, that _be Mary. She is in New York.A. canB. mustntC. cantD. may【答案】C18.Lisa is a little poor at Chinese.I think she needs _it every day.A. practice to speakB. to practice speakingC. practice speakingD. to practice to speak【答案】B19.I

22、s that your teacher?That _be Mr.Wang. He has gone to Japan with his wife.A. cantB. mustntC. may notD. should not【答案】A20.You can hardly swim，_you?_But my mother says shell teach me during my summer holiday.A. cant,NoB. can,NoC. cant,YesD. can,Yes【答案】B21._I swim here? Im sorry. Children swim alone her

23、e.A. Must,cantB. May,mustC. Can,mustntD. Cant,can【答案】C22.Is that your teacher? That _be Mr.Wang. He has gone to Japan with his wife.A. cantB. mustntC. may notD. shouldnt【答案】A23.Mum, must I wash the dishes right now? No, you _.A. shouldntB. wouldntC. mustntD. neednt【答案】D24.Theres enough time for you

24、to go to the airport. You_ hurry now.A. shouldB. needtC. mustD. cant【答案】B1.“Whose notebook is this?” “It _ Jims. It has his name on it.”A. cant beB. must beC. can beD. will be【答案】B2. Mum, must I stay there the whole day? No, you_. You _come back after lunch, if you like.A. mustnt,canB. neednt,mustC.

25、 neednt,mayD. mustnt,may【答案】C3.You _ stop when the traffic light turns red.A. canB. had betterC. needD. must【答案】D4.- How is your friend coming?- Im not sure. He _ drive here.A. canB. mayC. mustD. should 【答案】B【分析】本题考查情态动词的用法。本题回答语表示不确定朋友通过何种方式到这来，开车来表示一种可能性，may表示可能性。因此本题选B。 5.You did not go to the pa

26、rty yesterday, or I _ you.A. could seeB. could meetC. might have seenD. might see【答案】C6.There used to be a high tower here，_ ?A. was thereB. wasnt thereC. used thereD. usednt there【答案】D7.You are running a fever，you _ to see the doctorA. need goB. must have goneC. should goD. can go【答案】C8.You dont lo

27、ok well，you _ have a feverA. mightB. shallC. wouldD. could【答案】A9.-They havent finished the work up to now -Well，they_.A. should haveB. shouldC. ought toD. ought have【答案】A10.“When _ he leave the hospital?” I asked the doctorA. willB. shallC. canD. be【答案】B11.Jack studied hard and _ pass the examinatio

28、nA. could able to B. wouldC. was able toD. ought【答案】C12.There must be some enemy soldiers in the forest. _ any behind the church?A. Must there beB. Should there beC. May there beD. Can there be【答案】D13.The money was soon spent，so she _ go hungryA. mustB. hadC. shouldD. should to【答案】B14.At last he _ f

29、inish the work ahead of timeA. couldB. was able toC. could have doneD. would have been able to【答案】B15.-You were driving at 100km an hour, sir -But officer，I_ ，my car cant go more than 90.A. may not have beenB. couldnt have beenC. would have beenD. neednt have been【答案】B16.Why_ you keep on troubling me with such questions while I am busy ?A. couldB. canC. mustD. will【答案】C17.I talked for a long time，and in the end I_ m