5年高考3年模拟新课标版高考英语真题分类汇编 专题十三 词义猜测.docx

1、5年高考3年模拟新课标版高考英语真题分类汇编 专题十三 词义猜测 专题十三 词义猜测Passage 1(2014课标全国,B)体裁:说明文词数:298Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that w

2、hen its population reached its highest point,there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeonsa number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States,making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller,a

3、 flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles(about 515 kilometers)long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly,the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing.Where the birds were most abundant,people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands.Commercial hunt

4、ers attracted them to small clearings with grain,waited until pigeons had settled to feed,then threw large nets over them,taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons n

5、ested had been damaged by Americans􀆳 need for wood,which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north,where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone,never to be seen again.In 1897,the state of Michigan passed a law

6、prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons,but by then,no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County,Ohio,in 1900.For a time,a few birds survived under human care.The last of them,known affectionately

7、as Martha,died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914.1.In the 18th and early 19th centuries,passenger pigeons.A.were the biggest bird in the worldB.lived mainly in the south of AmericaC.did great harm to the natural environmentD.were the largest bird population in the US2.The under

8、lined word “undoing”probably refers to the pigeons􀆳.A.escape B.ruinC.liberation D.evolution3.What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?A.To seek pleasure. B.To save other birds.C.To make money. D.To protect crops.4.What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?A.It

9、was ignored by the public. B.It was declared too late.C.It was unfair. D.It was strict.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为环境与自然类。曾几何时在美国蔚蓝的天空飞翔着一种鸟,这种鸟可能是当时美国数量最多的鸟类旅鸽。但是慢慢地这种鸟的数量急剧减少,人们几乎看不到它们了。发生了什么事?这些鸟去哪儿了呢?1.D 2.B 3.C 4.BPassage 2(2014课标全国,C)体裁:说明文词数:276One of the latest trends(趋势) in American childcare is Chines

10、e au pairs.Au Pair in Stamford,Conn.,for example,has got increasing numbers of requests for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4,000 since 2004.And that􀆳s true all across the country. “I thought it would be very useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age,”Joseph Stocke,the managing d

11、irector of a company,says of his 2-year-old son.“I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future.”After only six months of being cared for by a 25-year-old woman from China,the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions,his dad says. Li Drake,a Chinese

12、native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband,had another reason for looking for an au pair from China:She didn􀆳t want her children to miss out on their roots.“Because I am Chinese,my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture,” she

13、 says. “Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,” says Suzanne Flynn,a professor in language education of children.“But parents must understand that just one year with an au pair is unlikely to produce wonders.Complete mastery demands continued learnin

14、g until the age of 10 or 12.” The popularity of au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese.It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.1.What does the term “au pair”

15、 in the text mean? A.A mother raising her children on her own. B.A child learning a foreign language at home. C.A professor in language education of children. D.A young foreign woman taking care of children.2.Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them . A.to live in China some da

16、y B.to speak the language at home C.to catch up with other children D.to learn about the Chinese culture3.What can we infer from the text? A.Learning Chinese is becoming popular in America. B.Educated women do better in looking after children. C.Chinese au pairs need to improve their English skills.

17、 D.Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材是社会文化类。在美国开始盛行雇用中国换工互惠生来照看孩子,因为越来越多的父母希望孩子可以尽早学习汉语。1.D 2.D 3.A Passage 3(2014北京,D)体裁:说明文词数:351Store Scent(香味)What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a shop?The products displayed(展示)at the entrance?Or the soft b

18、ackground music?But have you ever noticed the smell?Unless it is bad,the answer is likely to be no.But while a shop􀆳s scent may not be outstanding compared with sights and sounds,it is certainly there.And it is proving to be an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to purchase.A

19、brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent which floats through the fairly dark hall and out to the entrance,via scent machines.A smell may be attractive but it may not just be used for freshening air.One sports goods company once reported that when it first introduced scent into its st

20、ores,customers􀆳 intention to purchase increased by 80 percent.When it comes to the best shopping streets in Paris,scent is just as important to a brand􀆳s success as the quality of its window displays and goods on sale.That is mainly because shopping is a very different experience t

21、o what it used to be.Some years ago,the focus for brand name shopping was on a few people with sales assistants􀆳 disproving attitude and don􀆳t-touch-what-you-can􀆳t-afford displays.Now the rise of electronic commerce(e-commerce)has opened up famous brands to a wider audienc

22、e.But while e-shops can use sights and sounds,only bricks-and-mortar stores(实体店)can offer a full experience from the minute customers step through the door to the moment they leave.Another brand store seeks to be much more than a shop,but rather a destination.And scent is just one way to achieve thi

23、s.Now,a famous store uses complex man-made smell to make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the kid department,and coconut(椰子)scent in the swimsuit section.A department store has even opened a new lab,inviting customers on a journey into the store􀆳s windows to smell book

24、s,pots and drawers,in search of their perfect scent.1.According to the passage,what is an increasingly powerful tool in the success of some brand stores?A.Friendly assistants. B.Unique scents.C.Soft background music. D.Attractive window display.2.E-shops are mentioned in the passage to.A.show the ad

25、vantages of bricks-and-mortar storesB.urge shop assistants to change their attitudeC.push stores to use sights and soundsD.introduce the rise of e-commerce3.The underlined word “destination” in Paragraph 5 means.A.a platform that exhibits goodsB.a spot where travelers like to stayC.a place where cus

26、tomers love to goD.a target that a store expects to meet4.The main purpose of the passage is to.A.compare and evaluate B.examine and assessC.argue and discuss D.inform and explain答案语篇解读本文为说明文,题材为社会文化。文章告诉我们商店都是有它们独特的气味的,这种气味可以让顾客更加喜欢在商店购物。1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D Passage 4(2014重庆,D)体裁:记叙文词数:251One moment it

27、was quiet and calm in the forest,the next,the air was charged with tension.The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed.I urged the elephant deeper into the forest.We sounded like a forest firecrackling,snapping,trailblazing.But through all the noise came a

28、 sharp warning cry.The elephant stopped and we heard it againthe tell-tale call of a spotted deer.I looked quickly around the shadows of the forest.Rays of sunlight shone through tree branches,beneath which the patchwork(交错)of green plants and shadows-within-shadows would make tiger stripes(条纹)look

29、more attractive.Apart from an occasional noise from the elephant􀆳s stomach,the forest was silent.Gradually,the tension slipped from our bodies.The elephant seized a nearby branch and put it into her mouth.I reached forward and gently moved my hand over the elephant􀆳s neck;there was

30、 a soft part,free of wrinkles and hairs,behind her ear.This was my fourth time to sense the aura of the forest in Corbett,although I saw no tigers in the end.Located at the foot of the Himalayan mountains,Corbett is home to about 135 Bengal tigers,but the forest seemed to be guarding their whereabou

31、ts(出没处),a silent reminder of their secrecy and rarity.Still,I was happy enough touching the elephant behind the ear.If I had so desperately wanted to see a tiger,I could have gone to a zoo.After all,spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty;tracking them can make you aware of something more.1.Whi

32、ch of the following was a clear signal of alarm?A.The elephant stopped.B.A spotted deer called.C.The elephant seized a branch.D.The forest was silent for a while.2.The author begins his account of the tour in the forest mainly by.A.describing various soundsB.comparing different animalsC.listing different activitiesD.introducing various plants3.What does the underlined part “to sense the aura” most probably mean?A.To see the diversity.B.To enjoy the scenery.C.To feel the atmosphere.D.To experience the freedom.4.How does the author