Writing for CET4.docx

1、Writing for CET4Writing for CET4教学大纲对写作的要求：最新的大学英语课程教学要求（试行）对基础阶段四级水平的写作能力做出了具体的要求：“能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时做笔记、回答问题和写提纲，能就一定的话题或提纲在半小时内写出120-150词的短文，能写短信或便条，无重大预言错误。”考试大纲对写作的要求：根据大学英语教学大纲对四级写作要求的规定，大学英语四级考试大纲及样题具体规定了对大学英语四级统考写作部分的要求。要求详细规定了考试时间、作文长度、题目类型和写作内容。具体如下：“第一部分：写作（Part 1 Writing），共一题，考试时间30分钟。要求学

2、生写出一篇不少于120词的短文。试卷上可给出题目，或规定情景，或给出段首句要求续写，或要求看图作文，或给出关键词，要求写成短文。要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。写作内容包括日常生活和一般常识。”短文写作部分的目的是“测试学生用英语书面表达思想的初步能力。”评判作文四级考试作文主要看内容、结构、语言三个方面。内容不跑题即可，注意：1.不要妄图以情动人；2.不要妄图在构思上出奇制胜。结构上牢记总-分-总：先写主题句(Topic Sentence)，再写分论点，最后写总结句(Conclusion)。语言最重要，往往使评分产生重大差异，语言要模仿和包装。写完之后修改注意：（内容方面尽量

3、不要修改）1 字母大小写 2 符号 3 单词拼写 4 主谓一致 5 动词时态 6 名词单复数使文章富有表现力的手段：1、使用有难度的词汇；2、使用形容词修饰名词，用副词修饰动词或整个句子；3、使用被动语态；4、使用倒装句；(not only. but also.；only.)5、尽可能地使用名词，因为名词最容易展开复合句。而不是习惯中的动词和形容词。附：大学四六级写作30个最经典的替换词1. individuals, characters, folks替换(people ,persons) 2. positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，p

4、erfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good 3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it

5、 approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4. (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, a vast majority of, many, if not most)替换many. 注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that

6、.同理 用most, if not all, 替换most. 5. a slice of, quiet a few , several 替换some 6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that) in practice 替换 I thinkIn practice, travelling does more good than harm

7、.7. affair ,business ,matter 替换thing 8. shared 代 common 9. reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits 10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion 11. Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. eg. sth has gained growing popula

8、rity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12. little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly 13. beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, 14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser, 替换customer 15. exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换very 16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable . 替换 unneces

9、sary, avoidable 17. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in 18. capture ones attention替换attract ones attention. 19. facet, dimension, sphere代aspect 20. be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear21. give

10、 rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause. 22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换.reasons for sth 23. desire 替换want. 24. pour attention into 替换pay attention to 25. bear in mind that 替换remember 26. enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) 27. interaction替换communication 28. frown on sth替换 be ag

11、ainst , disagree with sth 29. to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance 30. next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible四级写作 八大模板八大类模板：即观点类，批驳类，办法类，原因类，谚语类，应用类，图表类记叙类。第一节 观点类模板（命题作文中最常见的类型）其中观点类模板又包括：观点子类，利弊子类，提问子类和选择子类。观点子类的作文题目通常是My View on XXX观点子类之对立观点式 凡涉及正反两方面

12、观点的文章都适用本模式Pattern 1第一段代表某些人的观点XXX（所谈论的topic）is usually an issue of controversy论战. Some people take no hesitation to claim that （some people 的主要观点）Among their arguments, the major one is that （这些人的一个主要论据）第二段交代另外一些人的观点As for the same issue, we also hear many different voices. An ocean of individuals

13、opposes the above opinion by saying that （另外一些人的观点）They do have their own reasons. In their belief, （他们的主要论据）第三段阐明自己的看法To be frank, it is very difficult for me to say which one is 100% right as both opinions make some sense. But I still find myself in favor of the former / latter idea. A strong evid

14、ence is that Pattern 2第一段提出两个人的观点Different people have different views on XXX（所谈论的topic）. Some individuals take the attitude that (同位语从句，一些人的观点), while others argue that (宾从，另外一些人的观点).第二段明确表示自己同意某个观点As far as I am concerned, I agree with the former / latter opinion. For one thing, I firmly believe (

15、宾从). For another, . Just think of sb, who (非限定从，用来举例). sth, which第三段，结论Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely come to the conclusion that. (同位语从句). Only if (only用在句首的条件状从，主句要倒装) can we e.g. Only if we get prepared can we seize the opportunities instead of letting them slip by.Pat

16、tern 3第一段代表第一种人的观点Peoples opinion are always different once they talk about XXX（所谈论的topic）.Those who (定从) maintain that (宾从，论据1). They also firmly hold the view that (同位从句，论据2).第二段代表另一类人的观点Many folks think otherwise. On the one hand, (论据1). On the other hand, (论据2).第三段明确表示自己同意某个观点My own opinion is t

17、hat XXX (所谈论的topic), in this fast-developing information era, has become more than (加强语气) common and acceptable. If we want to (条件状从), we have to (结果主句). So why not do sth? (反问句表示建议，给人以新颖、活泼的感觉)e.g. If you want to keep pace with the times (move with the trend 与时俱进), you have to change for the faster

18、, the higher and the stronger. So why not make a change?观点子类之事物性质 一种新的现象、制度或者做法的出现带来的益处和挑战Pattern 1第一段引出现象并说明意义Recently there have been many reports of XXX (所谈论的topic). It turns a new page of in China, and will have far-reaching effects in the forthcoming years.第二段分三方面说明其优点The biggest benefit, in my

19、 eyes, is that (论据1，表从). In addition, (论据2). Finally, (论据3).第三段说明我们所面临的挑战并下结论Apart from the benefits mentioned above, we should also face several unavoidable challenges. In the first place, (论据1). In the second place, (论据2). Whats the most important, (论据3). Only when (条件从句,只有的意思) can we (结果主句下结论，要倒装

20、).Exercise1My View on Amalgamation (融合，合并) of Universities1. 近年来高校合并现象很多见2. 高校合并带来不少好处3. 高校合并也让我们面临挑战Pattern 2 只展开现象的优点，并未提到弊端第一段指出现象Recently it has become a common phenomenon for sb. to do sth. In this way 第二段分三方面说明其优点Although it may bring unfavorable consequences, we can be sure to conclude that t

21、his practice is favorable on the whole. To begin with, . Moreover, In the third place, 第三段 结论Weighing the pros and cons of such a new trend, we can naturally arrive at the conclusion (同位语从句) that it is beneficial and rewarding. This system not only but alsoExercise 2My view on Double BA Degree1. 现在大

22、学生读双学位的现象很常见2. 我对这一现象的看法Pattern 3 对于某一现象或制度所引来的反对意见进行批驳第一段 某些人批驳某一制度，作者提出反对意见Nowadays more and more (句子，点出主题). An ocean of individuals, however (插入,丰富句型), argue that(宾从，某些人的批驳). I cant agree with them on this occasion, for the following reasons.第二段分三方面阐述作者的理由On the one hand, On the other hand, Last

23、but not least, 第三段 结论In a word, (主句) in that (原因状语从句，基于理由，因为)Exercise 3My View on School Uniforms1. 有些人反对学校要求学生着校服的规定2. 我对这一问题的看法观点子类之混合模板：观点+办法首先提出一种普遍现象，并指出其危害性很大。说明其危害后说明自己的态度，即消除危害性的做法。第一段引入某种有害事物Nowadays every one of us may come across XXX now and then (偶尔). These XXX are most harmful to the wh

24、ole society.第二段分三方面说明其危害性For my part / From my own perspective (替换in my opinion), their harmfulness can be summarized in the following respects. In the first place, In the second place, Last but not least, 第三段说明自己的态度，即消除危害性的做法In my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an en

25、d to these XXX. On the one hand, the government should On the other hand, common citizens should Only by the joint effects of the government and the common characters can we (only用在句首引导状语时，主句半倒装) do away with (废除，去掉) XXX.ExerciseMy View on the Negative Effects of Some False Advertisement1. 现在有些不良的商业

26、广告2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性3. 我对这些广告的态度a) make up the functions; consumers are cheatedb) have negative influence on young peoplec) design language tricks 利弊子类是观点类文章的一种特殊情况，它就是谈论事物的正反两个方面。利弊子类的作文题目通常是Advantages and Disadvantages of XXX利弊子类之对立观点式首段引出某一存在分歧的事物Nowadays, XXX is playing an increasingly essential ro

27、le in peoples daily life. However, peoples opinions are still divided on this point. 第二段阐述支持者的观点 利Those who are in favor of XXX claim that it has an army of advantages. Firstly, Secondly, Last but not least, 第三段阐述反对者的理由 弊Those who are opposed to XXX hold that disadvantages are many. In the 1st place

28、, In the 2nd place, Finally, 最后一段下结论，作者的观点是利大于弊All in all (总的来说，大体而言), we can safely come to the conclusion that (同位语从句) the pros outweigh the cons. A bright future is awaiting us if we make good use of XXX.ExerciseAdvantages and Disadvantages of the Internet1. 有些人认为因特网利大于弊2. 有些人认为因特网弊大于利3. 我的看法利弊子类

29、之事物性质 Pattern 1客观地从事物本身的性质入手，利大于弊第一段非常简明扼要，提出某一现象Like anything else, XXX has both advantages and disadvantages.第二段从事物本身的性质入手，谈利The main benefits of XXX are as follows. First, In the second place, . Last but by no means (绝不) the least, 第三段从事物本身的性质入手，谈弊However, the negative effects are also obvious. T

30、o begin with, Second, . Finally, 第四段下结论，即优势大于劣势In conclusion, the advantages of XXX outweigh its disadvantages. (最后一句话收尾，最好从大方向上说一句积极口号。例，make contribution to our motherland)Exercise 1Advantages and Disadvantages of Overseas Study1. 海外留学的好处2. 海外留学的副作用3. 结论Advantages:a. the academic level and the res

31、earch facilitiesb. understanding a new culture and meeting different peoplec. the invaluable experience to character buildingDisadvantagesa. having great difficulties adapting to the new environmentb. the cultural differences hindering the regular lifec. money being always a big problemPattern 2 弊大于利第一段介绍了一种普遍现象后，紧接着说了支持者所说的两方面优点Recently, more and more people begin to XXX (do sth). They argue that XXX brings