外研版高中英语必修四课文.docx

1、外研版高中英语必修四课文Module 1 ReadingThe City of the FutureWhat will the city of the future look like? No one knows for sure, and making predictions is abusiness. But one thing is certain they are going to get bigger before they get smaller. Inthe future, care for the environment will become very important a

2、s earths natural resources runout. We will use lots of recycled materials, such as plastic, aluminium, steel, glass, and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to more on energy, such as and wind . All this seems certain, but there are plenty of things about city life in

3、 the future which are not certain.To find out what young people think about the future of life, a teacher at a university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025. Here are some of the ideas they had:Garbage shipsTo get rid

4、 of garbage problems, the citywill waste materials and send them towards the sun,preventing and environmental problems.Batman NetsPolice will criminals instead of guns.Forget smokingNo smoking will be allowed within afuture citys limits. Smoking will be possible only outside cities,and .Forget the m

5、allsIn the future all shopping will be done , andcatalogues will haveto place orders.Telephones for lifeEveryone will be given a telephone number atbirth that will never change no matter where they .RecreationAll forms of , such as cinemas, , , concerts and others,will be providedby the city.Cars Al

6、l cars will be powered by electricity, energy or wind, and itwill be possible to change the colour of cars at the of a .Telesurgerywill become common as doctors carry out operations fromthousands of miles away, with each city having its own .Holidays at homeSenior citizens and people with disabiliti

7、es will beable to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head.Space travel Travelling in space by ordinary citizens will be common.Each city will have its own .Cultural CornerFamous Last WordsNot all predictions come true. Many of them are wrong, and some are very wrong.

8、Here are just a few of the bad predictions people made in the twentieth century about the twenty-first century:AIRPLANESNo flying machine will ever fly from New York to Paris.,1908. COMPUTERSI think there is a world market for maybe five computers.,1943.CLOTHESThirty years from now people will be we

9、aring clothes made of paper which they will be able to throw away after wearing them two or three times.Changing Times Magazine, 1957.MEN ON THE MOONWith the first moon colonies predicted for the 1970s, work is now in progress on the types of building required for men to stay in when theyre on the m

10、oon.Arnold B. Barach in The Changes to Come, 1962.THE BEATLESWe dont like their sound, and guitar music is on the way out.Decca Recording Co. rejecting the , 1962.ROBOTS IN THE HOUSEBy the year 2000, housewives will probably have a robot shaped like a box with one large eye on the top, several arms

11、and hands, and long pads on the side for moving about. New York Times, 1966.KEYSBy the mid-1980s no one will ever need to hide a key under the again, because there wont be any keys.Computer scientist Christopher Evans,The Micro Millennium, 1979.Module 2 ReadingGetting Around in BeijingTaxisTaxis are

12、 on the streets 24 hours a day. Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time. They are usually red, and they the price per kilometre on the window. You should check the has a business , and make sure you ask for a .Buses and trolleybusesPublic transport provides a cheap way to get around in

13、 Beijing. There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, but they can get very crowded. Its a good idea to avoid public transport during the rushhour (6:30 . 8:00 . and 5:00 . 6:30 .). Fares are cheap, starting at 1 yuan. buses cost more.Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the

14、city centre. Higher numbers have destinations in the suburbs. Tourists shouldnt miss the 103 bus which offers one of the most routes, past the Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. If you get on abus, make sure you sit upstairs. Youll have a good of the rapidly changing city.Most buses

15、 run from about 5:00 . to midnight. However, there is also a night bus service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s. MinibusesMinibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an to expensive taxis and crowded public transport in some areas. They and follow the same routes as large public buses.

16、And in a minibus you always get a seat even in rush hours.UndergroundThere are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are .Trains are fast and , but rush hours can be terrible. A one-way tripcosts 3 yuan. Station names are marked in pinyin. The underground isopen from 5:00 . to 11:00 .

17、PedicabsTourists like these human-pedalled taxis, but they can be expensive. You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price you begin the journey, for example, if it is per person, or . Tricycles are if you want to the alleys (hutong) of old Beijing. Cultural CornerThe London Conges

18、tion ChargeBeijing isnt the only city with traffic problems. You can get stuck in a traffic jam anywhere in the world. The worst problems occur in cities which are growing fast, such as Sao Paolo in Brazil and Lagosin Nigeria. But even cities in developed countries such as the US suffer. Los Angeles

19、, which was built , and is famous for its six-lanehighways, is now the USAs most congested city.In Europe most capital cities were planned andbuilt before cars, and city centre traffic jamshave been part of daily life for a long time. Thesituation in central London, where drivers spentfifty percent

20、of their time in queues, became sobad that the local government decided to dosomething about it. In February 2003 the Mayor of London, ,introduced a a tax for cars entering the centre of the city.The idea is simple: every car coming into the centre has to pay5 aday. Drivers can pay the at any of 10,

21、000 in the capital before 10 .As the cars come into the centre, video cameras record theirnumbers,and these are checked with a list of drivers who have paid theforthat day. People who do not pay the will face a fine of80.Most Londoners are not happy with the idea. They agree that Londonhas a traffic

22、 problem, but the is expensive, and limits theirfreedom .But does the work? A survey carried out at the end of 2003it does.After only six months, traffic coming into central London was reducedby about 30 percent, and by 15 percent. More people used public transport to get to work, and bicycles were

23、suddenly very popular. Whats more, central London shops did not lose business even though there were fewer cars.But there are a few people who think the should be much higher, forexample rich businessmen who work in the city centre and can easilyafford it. This would keep even more cars out of centr

24、al London, andthe roads would be nearly empty. However, there are no plans toincrease the .Module 3 ReadingGreetings Around the WorldIf you say the word , most people think of words and sentences. Although these are very important, we with just spoken and written words. Indeed, body positions are pa

25、rt of what we call body language. We see examples of body language very often, yet there is also learnedbody language, which varies from culture to culture.We use learned body language when we are introduced to strangers. Like other animals, we are until we know it is safe to relax. Soevery culture

26、has developed a way to greet strangers, to show them we are not . , Europeans and Americans shake hands. They do this with the right hand the strongest hand for most people. If our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding a . So the is saying,I trust you. Look, Im not carrying a . I

27、f you shake hands withsomeone, you show you trust them. We shake hands when we . It means, We agree and we trust each other.Greetings in Asian countries do not touching the other person, but they always the hands. in China, when we greet someone, we put the right hand over the left and . Muslims giv

28、e a , where they touch their heart, mouth and . Hindus join their hands and their heads in respect. In all of these examples, the hands are busy with the greeting and cannot hold a .Even today, when some people have very styles of greeting, they still use their hands as a of trust. American youths o

29、ften greeteach other with the expression, Give me five! One person then holds up his hand, outwards and five fingers . The other person raises his hand and slaps the others open hand above the head in a high five. Nowadays, it is .Body language is fascinating for anyone to study. People give away mu

30、ch more by their gestures than by their words. Look at your friends and family and see if you are a !Cultural CornerClappingWhy do we clap? To show we like something, of course. But we dont clap at the end of a television programme or a book, however good they are. We clap at the end of a , such as

31、a play, or a concert, to say thank you to the performers. First they give, and then we give.Without us the audience the would not be complete.The custom of clapping has early beginnings. In Athens, meantandprolonged clapping helped a play to win. The theatre was large itcould hold 14,000 people, half the adult male population of the city, which meant that the audience could make a lot of noise.was a sign of being part of the community, and of between actors and audience. The important thing was to make the noise together, to add ones own small to others. Clapping is , lik