初中初三英语高考英语阅读理解社会文化技巧小结及练习题.docx

1、初中初三英语高考英语阅读理解社会文化技巧小结及练习题（英语）高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)技巧小结及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 At one time or another in your life you have probably done origami, even if it was just making a paper airplane or something more complicated like a paper crane. The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventiv

2、e this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No cutting, no pasting. But did you ever stop to think how the same techniques might be applied to engineering? Equipment that could be of real pr

3、actical use? Origami meets the demand for things that need to be small when transported and large when they arrive, like the everyday umbrella. In fact, origami-inspired creations have already flown in space; in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.

4、Its now mathematically proven that you can pretty much fold anything, says physicist Robert J. Lang, who quit his engineering job eight years ago to fold things full time. Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a d

5、ashboard. He is currently working on a space telescope lens that, if all goes according to plan, should be able to unfold to the size of a football field. At the other end of the scale, researchers are also working on tiny folding devices that could lead to breakthroughs in medicine and computing. T

6、heres no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine. Some day, says MITs Erik Demaine, well build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on

7、 their own from one thing into another, like Transformers. Too much like science fiction to be true? Maybethough you certainly wouldnt want to bet against it.（1）What do we know about origami? A.It consumes lots of time.B.It involves interesting ideas.C.It requires complex techniques.D.It has to do w

8、ith cutting and pasting.（2）Which of the following is an application of origami? A.A space telescope lens can be folded to the size of an umbrella.B.A satellite is equipped with solar panels and a folded map.C.An airbag can be better folded into a dashboard of a car.D.A future computer contains many

9、huge folded motors.（3）What is Erik Demaines attitude towards origami engineering? A.HopefulB.Doubtful.C.Disapproving.D.Ambiguous.（4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A.Entertainment.B.Culture.C.Education.D.Pop-science.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，折纸是一种具有创造性的传统艺术，而现在它已经被

10、应用到技术工程领域，人们利用折纸原理创造出了很多可折叠的装置。折纸工程将在很大程度上影响未来的医药、计算机和机器人行业。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The chances are that as you did it, you reflected on how inventive this traditional art is. Animals, boxes, flowers, boats: it all can be created from a single square or rectangular sheet of paper simply by folding it. No

11、 cutting, no pasting.”可知，折纸是一个具有创造性的传统艺术，我们不用裁剪或拼贴，只通过折叠就可以把一张正方形或者三角形的纸变成动物、纸盒、花、船等东西，由此推测折纸需要有创造性的和有趣的想法。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Lang, an origami enthusiast since age six, advised a well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”可知折纸爱好者Lang向一位制造商建议了把安全气囊折叠到仪表盘中的最佳方式。故选

12、C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Applications for origami engineering go further than many of us might imagine”可知Erik Demaine认为折纸工程的应用远远超出了我们的想象，由此可推测Erik Demaine对折纸工程的未来充满希望。故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“in 1995, Japanese engineers launched a satellite with solar panels that folded like a map.”；第三段中的“Lang, an origam

13、i enthusiast since age six, advised a advised well-known ear manufacturer the best way to fold an airbag into a dashboard.”； 第四段中的“Theres no doubt that computers of the future may contain tiny, folded motors or capacitors for faster processing and better memory. ”和第五段中的“Some day, says MITs Erik Dema

14、ine, well build reconfigurable (可重构的) robots that can fold on their own from one thing into another, like Transformers.”可知卫星，安全气囊的折叠，未来电脑的发展和未来可重构机器人，这些都和科学技术相关，故推测本文很有可能出现在报纸的科学板块。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Shakespeares Globe Exhibition & Tour i

15、s a unique international resource to explore Shakespeares work. Open all year round, it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the most famous playwright(剧作家), Shakespeare, and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him. Group Visits to the Exhibition & Tou

16、r Opening Hours Theatre Tours: Monday - Sunday: 9:30 a.m.- 5:00 p.m. Exhibition: Monday - Sunday: 9:00 a.m.- 5:00 p.m. Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit, and each group will have its own guide for free. To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and ret

17、urn it to us via email. Exhibition and Tour Prices Adult: $15.00 Senior (60+): $13.50 Student (with valid ID): $11.50 Child (5-15): $ 8.00 Complimentary: Every 16th person free Getting here Shakespeares Globe 21 New Globe Walk, London SEl9DT,UK We have currently improved security, with all bags bein

18、g checked. Please arrive in good time, and do not bring any large bags and check the calendar before your visit or call+44(0)20 7902 1500 to find out about our latest opening times. Visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi. There is a car park on Thames Exchange on the north sid

19、e of Southwark Bridge (open 24 hours, seven days a week). Cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge. It may also be possible to pick one up from outside the entrance hall on New Globe Walk. Where to eat Swan at Shakespeares Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner, afternoon t

20、ea or drinks in our beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors, available for pre- and post-theatre dining. Swan Restaurant Monday- Friday: 12 noon - 2:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m.- 10:30 p.m. Saturday: 12 noon- 3:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m. Sunday: 12 noon- 9: 00 p.m.（1）When can you pay a visit to the exhibit

21、ion? A.Friday at 12:00 p.m.B.Monday at 8: 00 a.m.C.Saturday at 5: 30 p.m.D.Sunday at 7: 00 p.m.（2）If a group of 20 children visit the Exhibition & Tour, what is required for them to do? A.They need to hire a guide themselves.B.They must be accompanied by an adult.C.They have to pay $160 for tickets

22、in total.D.They need to email for a reservation in advance.（3）Which of the following applies to visitors? A.Theyre able to get a taxi near Southwark Bridge.B.They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge.C.They are required to deposit their bags before entering.D.Its more convenient to drive t

23、here than taking public transport.（4）What can we know about Swan Restaurant? A.Afternoon lea is not served on Sunday.B.It serves traditional seasonal food for diner.C.It is closed from 3 p.m.to 5 p.m. on workdays.D.It serves three meals, drinks and afternoon tea.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明

24、文，向游客介绍了参观莎士比亚环球展厅的相关服务信息。 （1）考查细节理解。根据“Exhibition Monday - Sunday: 9:00 a.m.- 5:00 p.m.”可知，展览从周一到周日上午9点到下午5点营业。所以在周五下午两点能够参观展览。故选A。 （2）考查推理判断。根据Exhibition部分中的“Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit.To make a reservation, please fill in a Group Request Form and return it to

25、 us via email.”可知， 15人或以上的团体须预先预订其行程。如欲订购，请填写团体申请表，并通过电子邮件返回给我们。所以如果有20名儿童参观参观展厅，他们需要通过电子邮件提前预定。故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据 Getting here部分中的“ Cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge”可知，在 Southwark Bridge可能全年都有出租车。所以判断出游客能在 Southwark Bridge附近打到出租车。故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据Swan Restaurant部分中的“Monday- Frida

26、y: 12 noon - 2:30 p.m. & 6:00 p.m.- 10:30 p.m.”可知，天鹅宾馆的营业时间是周一至周五中午12点到下午2：30，下午6点到晚上10:30。所以判断出周一至周五工作日期间，下午3点到下午5点是闭馆的。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move, said Davi

27、d Belle, the founder of parkour. Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a

28、windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bonds wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide. Yes, thats parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the barrie

29、rs in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop. Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants se

30、e parkour much more than that. Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything. Another philosophy weve learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of e