话题语篇专攻练 二十.docx

1、话题语篇专攻练 二十温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。话题语篇专攻练二十必修4Module 2(限时35分钟). 阅读理解AIn America, the number of people killed in car crashes in 2016 was above 40, 000 for the first time in a decade, data released on Wednesday shows. “Americans believe there is nothing we can do

2、to stop crashes from happening, but that isnt true. We are behind the rest of the developed world in addressing highway fatalities(死亡). We just havent been willing to do what needs to be done, ”said Deborah A. P. Hersman, president of the National Safety Council. The National Safety Council data sho

3、ws a 6 percent increase in deaths in 2016 when compared with 2015 and a 3 percent increase in the number of miles Americans drove in 2016. “Motor vehicle fatality numbers have been ringing the alarm for two years, ” Hersman said. “Unfortunately, we have been blind to the data and the killings on our

4、 roadways. If we fail to take action, the death toll will continue to rise. ”“The trend is clear: After years of progress, highway deaths are heading in the wrong direction, ”said Jonathan Adkins, a state safety official. The number of people killed reached a record low of 32, 675 in 2014, according

5、 to NHTSA statistics. That record followed a fairly steady downward track for the past six years that experts attributed it primarily to safety features that have been built into cars and trucks. Safety advances including increased seat-belt use, air bags, anti-lock braking, stability controls and e

6、lectronic warnings and cameras. The bad economy and high gas prices also influenced the reduction in deaths. Now, with unemployment and gas prices both low, more people are driving for work and pleasure trips. “Its not just that Americans drive more miles when the economy improves; its the kind of m

7、iles they drive, ”said Adrian Lund, president of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。数据显示, 美国的交通事故数量逐年上升。专家认为, 解决此问题还任重道远。1. Whats Hersmans attitude towards the present situation? A. It has been getting better. B. It can hardly be improved. C. The efforts are far from enough.

8、D. Much work has already been done. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的We are behind the rest of the developed world in addressing highway fatalities. 可知, Hersman认为, 比起其他发达国家, 在解决交通事故方面, 美国做得还远远不够。2. What do we learn about the number of highway deaths in 2013 in America? A. Its lower than that in 2014. B. Its lowe

9、r than that in 2016. C. Its the lowest in recent years. D. Its the highest in recent years. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段The National Safety Council data shows a 6 percent increase in deaths in 2016 when compared with 2015 and a 3 percent increase in the number of miles Americans drove in 2016. 和第六段中的The numbe

10、r of people killed reached a record low of 32, 675 in 2014可知, 2014年美国交通事故死亡人数创造了近年的最低纪录, 并且它之前连续几年都是下降的。之后这一数字则不断上升。3. What will happen with the economic recovery? A. The gas prices will go up. B. The gas prices will go down. C. There will be more highway deaths. D. There will be fewer highway death

11、s. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的The bad economy and high gas prices also influenced the reduction in deaths. 可知, 经济不景气和油价高时, 交通事故率会下降。由此判断, 经济景气时交通事故率会上升。另外根据文章首句可知, 2016年的交通事故死亡人数创造了近十年的新高。4. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Traffic Deaths Are on the RiseB. Highway Deaths Will Drop offC. M

12、easures to Handle Car CrashesD. Safety Advances in Cars Are Made【解析】选A。主旨大意题。综合全文可知, 本文主要告诉我们近年来美国的交通事故死亡人数逐年上升, 并分析了这背后的原因。【规律方法】抓住主题句巧解主旨大意题(1)主旨大意题是阅读理解常考的题型。这个题型难度较大, 很多考生常常困惑于设题人所设的其他三个迷惑项。总觉得这个选项涉及的内容文中有, 那个选项涉及的内容文中也有, 因此无法确定正确答案。(2)解决这类问题时, 抓住文章主题句是关键, 文章(尤其是说明文和议论文)的主题句一般在首段或末段。只要抓住关键词, 那么确

13、定文章主旨大意就不是难事了。如, 本题文章第一句话就点明了文章主题: 美国在2016年死于车祸的人数首次超过了40, 000。文章其他部分都是在围绕这个主题展开, 如人们对死于车祸人数的认知、历年死于车祸人数的对比、车祸发生多的原因等。所以抓住文章第一句(有时会在末段出现)对于解决此类题型很有帮助。BThousands of taxi drivers in Shenyang, Liaoning province, reportedly blocked streets with their vehicles on Sunday in protest against unlicensed vehi

14、cles using taxi-hiring apps and apps-based car rental companies providing passengers services, including high-end cars. Although the drivers also complained about the withdrawal of the fuel subsidy(补贴) by the government, their main complaint was the loss of business because of the rising number of I

15、nternet-based car services companies. On Wednesday, news reports came that Beijing transport authorities will take measures to stop the illegal “taxi business” of private cars through the newly rising Internet apps, following the footsteps of Shenyang and Nanjing. It is not yet clear how the Shenyan

16、g city government will handle the issue and whether it will declare the services offered by market leaders such as Didi Dache, a taxi-hiring app provider backed by Tencent Holdings, and Kuaidi Dache illegal. But Shanghai transport regulators have set a rule by banning Didi Zhuanche, or car services

17、offered by Didi Dache in December. Such regulations will cause a setback to the car-hiring companies and investors that are waiting to cash in on the potentially booming business. Just last month, Didi Dache got $700 million in funding from global investors, including Singapore state investment comp

18、any Temasek Holdings, Russian investment company DST Global and Tencent. Besides, the market is uncertain that Kuaidi Dache is about to finalize its latest round of funding after getting $800 million from global investors. Regulatory uncertainties, however, could cast a shadow on the future of the I

19、nternet-based car-hiring services, which have become popular in most of Chinas big cities. To be fair, these companies business model is anything but bad. For example, Didi Zhuanche works side by side with established car rental companies to provide high-end car services mainly for business people t

20、hrough the Internet and mobile phone apps. Every link in this business model chain has legal companies and services. Hence, it is hard to define it as illegal and ban it. 【文章大意】本篇为新闻报道, 报道了沈阳出租车司机罢工的深层原因软件打车业务的快速发展, 以及当前政府对软件打车业务相对滞后和简单的管理手段。5. Why did taxi drivers in Shenyang block the streets with

21、 their vehicles? A. Because they wanted to make their main complaints known to the authority. B. Because they wanted to be taught how to use the taxi-hiring apps. C. Because they wanted the authority to increase their driving allowances. D. Because they wanted to appeal to passengers not to hire the

22、 private cars. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据首段内容: 沈阳出租车司机罢工抗议软件打车业务的快速发展, 可以推断出他们想要自己的诉求引起政府关注并得以解决。故选A。6. The authors attitude to banning Internet car-hiring services is _. A. positive B. unclearC. neutral D. negative【解析】选D。观点态度题。根据最后一段Every link in this business model chain has legal companies and services. Hen

23、ce, it is hard to define it as illegal and ban it. 得知, 很难定义软件打车业务为非法的并禁止它。由此可以推断出作者对禁止软件打车是消极的态度。A选项“积极的”, B 选项“不明确的”, C选项“中立的”, D选项“消极的”。故选D。7. Which of the following statements is false according to the passage? A. Didi Dache is a China-foreign joint company. B. Apps-based car rental is functional

24、 to some degree. C. The government should regulate the apps-based car rental market. D. The problem referred to in the passage exists in all cities. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Regulatory uncertainties, however, could cast a shadow on the future of the Internet-based car-hiring services, which have become p

25、opular in most of Chinas big cities. 得知中国大部分大都市流行软件打车业务, 这些大都市会出现出租车和私家车运营冲突的问题。D选项说文章中这种问题在所有城市都存在, 太绝对。故选D。8. We can learn from the passage that _. A. Shenyang forbade apps-based car rental companiesB. Shanghai is the second city banning Didi ZhuancheC. some international investment companies have

26、 strong faith in the future of apps-based car rental companiesD. it is not difficult to picture the apps-based car rental companies illegal【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段Just last month, Didi Dache got $700 million in funding from global investors 可以得知一些国际投资公司对软件打车业务发展看好。故选C。【知识拓展】网约车是网络预约出租汽车的简称。在构建多样化服务体系方面, 出

27、租车将分为巡游出租汽车和网络预约出租汽车。2016年5月31日, 教育部、国家语委在京发布中国语言生活状况报告(2016)。“网约车”入选十大新词。2016年7月28日, 交通运输部联合公安部等七个部门公布关于深化改革推进出租汽车行业健康发展的指导意见和网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法。2016年11月1日, 网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法正式施行, 这意味着“网约车”这一新兴的出行方式自此进入法治轨道。2017年1月16日, 北京正式核发网约车驾驶员资格证。2018年5月24日, 交通运输部公布了新修订的出租车服务质量信誉考核办法。6月5日, 交通运输部、中央网信办、国家市场监督管

28、理总局等七个部门联合印发关于加强网络预约出租汽车行业事中事后联合监管有关工作的通知, 明确了网约车行业事中事后联合监管工作流程, 违法违规行为涉及多领域的, 可由各职能部门开展联合约谈。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every one complains. Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world you still complain sometimes. Sometimes you complain without even realizin

29、g it, but rarely is it ever helpful. 1 Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts. 2When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead. Seek the help of a cheerful friend to

30、change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation. Make a list of things we are grateful for. We often complain about the things we dont have without noticing those things we already have. Be grateful for what we have in our life because we are lucky simply for being our

31、selves. 3Learn to adapt to the changes. There are many things we cant change. 4 Always find the positive side of each situation regardless of however difficult the situation is. With parents and friends support we can survive any life changes. Allow yourself to vent(发泄) your feelings every once in a

32、 while. Constantly ignored negative thoughts could add up if you are really going through a rough time. Dont be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see a therapist. Find what makes you happy. 5 Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career. Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation