高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案.docx

1、高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 It seems were always being told to get more sleep. Studies suggest spending less time on sleep can lead to obesity(肥胖) and even cancer. You might even find yourself with a head full of false memories. But rarely does science explore the dark side

2、 of sleeping too much. Thats because few of us in todays busy world have the luck of exploring that option. In an August 2018 study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, researchers researched the sleep patterns of those fortunate few and found they may not be so lucky after a

3、ll. In fact, they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk compared to those who sleep together less than seven hours. Whats more, sleep-aholics-those who manage to get 10 hours a night-stand a 30 percent higher chance of dying compared to the seven-hour crowd. Th

4、e wide-ranging global study involved(涉及) more than three million people who self-reported on their sleep habits and came to an eye-opening conclusion: If you tend to sleep a lot, you may want to buy an alarm clock. As with all things in life, sleep is best taken in moderation(适度). You may be thinkin

5、g: What if I only sleep in on Saturday and Sunday, am I still at risk? The answer is yes, according to a 2019 study published in Current Biology. Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk

6、of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood. For the study, 36 participants were divided into three groups that each had a different sleep schedule: nine hours every night, five hours every night, and five hours from Monday to Friday and sleepi

7、ng much on weekends. People who get too much sleep tend to feel tired and lack energy. Also, both sleep-deprived(睡眠不足的) groups consume more food and gain weight.（1）Why is the harmful effect of sleeping too much seldom studied? A.Few people have time to sleep too much.B.Lack of sleep causes much more

8、 harm.C.It turns out to be a healthy sleep pattern.D.Peoples health has nothing to do with it.（2）What does the underlined words those fortunate few in paragraph 2 refer to? A.Those leading a relaxing life.B.Those getting too much sleep.C.Those with less time to sleep.D.Those with no sleep problems.（

9、3）What can be learned from the 2019 study? A.Sleeping much is particularly beneficial to hungry people.B.Many people sleep more on weekends than on weekdays.C.An alarm clock of high quality is important for good sleep.D.People who sleep much only on weekends also have health risk.（4）What is the main

10、 idea of the text? A.It is necessary to save enough time for sleep.B.Too much sleep can result in gaining weight.C.Sleeping too much does harm to peoples health.D.People can avoid sleeping much by eating healthily.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，我们似乎总是被告知要多睡觉，但是睡眠过多对身体也是有害的。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的

11、”But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much. Thats because few of us in todays busy world have the luck of exploring that option.“可知，在如今忙碌的社会很少有人会有时间睡太多，所以睡眠过多对人体的危害很少被研究。故选A。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Thats because few of us in todays busy world have the luck of exploring that optio

12、n.”这是因为在当今这个繁忙的世界上，很少有人有机会探索这种选择；以及第二段中的“they may not be so lucky after all. In fact，they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk“他们可能根本就没有那么幸运。事实上，他们发现睡眠超过8小时的人有更大的健康风险，可推断，划线部分指代“睡眠时间太长的人”。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Researchers discovered that even if a person slee

13、ps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood.“研究人员发现，即使一个人在周末的睡眠时间超过7个小时，但仍然比工作日晚上的睡眠时间少，他们也有体重增加和对控制血糖水平的胰岛素敏感的风险。可知，只有周末睡得多的人也会面临健康风险。故选D。

14、 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的”But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much.“可知本文介绍了睡眠过多会对身体造成一定程度的伤害。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Thirteen vehicles lined up last March to race across the Mojave Desert, seeking a million in pr

15、ize money. To win, they had to finish the 142-mile race in less than 10 hours. Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all, because these vehicles were missing a key partdrivers. DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic

16、 vehicles for future battlefields. But the Grand Challenge, as it was called, just proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance. One had its brake lock up in the starting area. Another began by throwing itself onto a wall. Another got tied up by

17、 bushes near the road after 1.9 miles. One turned upside down. One took off in entirely the wrong direction and had to be disabled by remote control. One went a little more than a mile and rushed into a fence; another managed to go for six miles but stuck on a rock. The winner, if there was any, rea

18、ched 7.8 miles before it ran into a long, narrow hole, and the front wheels caught on fire. You get a lot of respect for natural abilities of the living things, says Reinhold Behringer, who helped design two of the car-size vehicles for a company called Sci-Autonics. Even ants (蚂蚁) can do all these

19、tasks effortlessly. Its very hard for us to put these abilities into our machines. The robotic vehicles, though with necessary modern equipment such as advanced computers and GPS guidance, had trouble figuring out fast enough the blocks ahead that a two-year-old human recognizes immediately. Sure, t

20、hat very young child, who has just only learned to walk, may not think to wipe apple juice off her face, but she already knows that when theres a cookie in the kitchen she has to climb up the table, and that when she gets to the cookie it will taste good. She is more advanced, even months old, than

21、any machine humans have designed.（1）Watchers doubted if any of the vehicles could finish the race because_. A.they did not have any human guidanceB.the road was not familiar to the driversC.the distance was too long for the vehiclesD.the prize money was unattractive to the drivers（2）DARPA organized

22、the race in order to_. A.raise money for producing more robotic vehiclesB.push the development of vehicle industryC.train more people to drive in the desertD.improve the vehicles for future wars（3）From the passage we know robotic vehicles are a kind of machines that _. A.can do effortlessly whatever

23、 tasks living thing canB.can take part in a race across 142 miles with a time limitC.can show off their ability to turn themselves upside downD.can move from place to place without being driven by human beings（4）In the last paragraph, the writer implies that there is a long way to go_. A.for a robot

24、ic vehicle to finish a 142-mile race without any difficultiesB.for a little child who has just learned to walk to reach the cookie on the tableC.for a robotic vehicle to deal with a simple problem that a little child can solveD.for a little child to understand the importance of wiping apple juice of

25、f its face【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了DARPA组织一次汽车越野比赛，目的是想改进未来战场上的机器人汽车，并介绍了这些机器汽车的优点和缺点。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all, because these vehicles were missing a key partdrivers.”车队和观众都知道可能根本没有赢家，因为这些车缺少了一个关键的部分司机。可知，这些汽车都没有驾驶员。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据

26、第二段中的“DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields.”美国国防部高级研究计划局(DARPA)组织了这次比赛，作为推动未来战场机器人车辆发展的一部分。可以推测，DARPA组织这次比赛是军事目的是想改进未来战争用车，故选D。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“But the Grand Challenge, as it was called, just

27、proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance.”但这项被称为“大挑战”的项目恰恰证明了，在没有人类引导的情况下，让一辆汽车快速穿越一片陌生的沙漠是多么困难。可以推断出“robotic vehicles”是一种不要人操作的汽车，故选D。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“she is more advanced.than any machine.”可知机器远不如人的智力。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考

28、查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. The history of the world is but the biography (传记) of great men, argued Thomas Carlyle, the advocate of what has come to be known as the Great Ma

29、n Theory of History. This theory suggests that the broader movements and outline of history all go back to the leadership of great individuals who had unique influence on their times. Whether or not Carlyles theory proves true is debatable, but that certain individuals cast long shadows is not. As o

30、ne who is entrusted with a leadership position, I find it profitable to read of others who have led. Wherever you find me, youll likely find a good biography nearby. Why is this the case? First, I find good biographies fascinating. Ill occasionally read a novel, but Ive never been overly drawn to fi

31、ction. I have found myself unable to sleep while in the struggle of the Battle of Britain in William Manchesters The Last Lion. For me, not to read biographies would rob me of pleasure in my life. Second, I find good biographies informative. A good biographer tells not only the story of a person, bu

32、t also of their times. Reading a good biography is like wandering through an intellectual shopping mall. The first store is what drew you there, but you will be pleasantly surprised along the way at what other items grab your attention. Youll find no better account of the British Empire at its peak than the opening chapters of Manchesters V