届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十九15页word版.docx

1、届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十九15页word版2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十九一Gwendolyn Brooks was the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry. Gwendolyn Brooks wrote hundreds of poems during her lifetime. She was known around the world for using poetry to increase understanding about bla

2、ck culture in America.Her poems described conditions among the poor，racial inequality and drug use in the black community. She also wrote poems about the struggles of black women. But her skill was more than her ability to write about struggling black people. She was an expert at the language of poe

3、try. She combined traditional European poetry styles with the African American experience.In her early poetry，Gwendolyn Brooks wrote about the South Side of Chicago. The South Side of Chicago is where many black people live. In her poems，the South Side is called Bronzeville. It was A Street in Bronz

4、eville that gained the attention of literary experts in 1945.Critics praised her poetic skill and her powerful descriptions of the black experience during the time. The Bronzeville poems were her first published collection.In 1950，Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win the Pulitze

5、r Prize for Poetry. She won the prize for her second book of poems called Annie Allen. Annie Allen is a collection of poetry about the life of a Bronzeville girl as a daughter，a wife and mother. She experiences loneliness，loss，death and being poor. Ms Brooks said that winning the prize changed her l

6、ife.Her next work was a novel written in 1953 called Maud Martha. Maud Martha received little notice when it was first published. But now it is considered an important work by some critics. Its main ideas about the difficult life of many women are popular among female writers today.In some of her po

7、ems，Gwendolyn Brooks described how what people see in life is affected by who they are. One example is this poem，Corners on the Curing Sky.By the end of the 1960s，Gwendolyn Brookss poetry expanded from the everyday experiences of people in Bronzeville. She wrote about a wider world and dealt with im

8、portant political issues.语篇解读文章介绍了普利策诗歌奖的第一位非裔美国人得主女诗人格温德琳布鲁克斯的诗歌成就及作品特点。5What does the text mainly talk about?AThe life of Gwendolyn Brooks.BThe poems of Gwendolyn Brooks.CThe understanding about black culture.DThe struggles of black women.答案B解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章向我们介绍了著名女诗人格温德琳布鲁克斯的诗歌成就及作品特点。故B项最为恰当。6

9、What can we learn about Gwendolyn Brooks from the second paragraph?AShe mainly wrote about the struggles of black women.BShe was good at using the language of poetry.CHer writing skills were a little worse than her ability.DHer poems were mainly about the African experience.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句“S

10、he was an expert at the language of poetry.”可知，她是诗歌语言运用方面的专家，即她擅长运用诗歌语言。故选B项。7The author develops the passage mainly by .Aproviding examplesBusing statisticsCcomparing opinionsDdescribing her experiences答案A解析写作手法题。文章介绍的是诗人的诗歌成就及作品特点，根据文中的A Street in Bronzeville，Annie Allen，Maud Martha，Corners on the

11、 Curing Sky等可知，文章列举了她大量的作品作为例证。故选A项。8In the next part，the author would most probably talk about .Athe difficulties Gwendolyn Brooks would meetBthe poems related to political issuesCthe awards Gwendolyn Brooks gainedDthe racial inequality the black had to face答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，20世纪60年代末，她的诗歌内容从人们的日

12、常经历扩展到更宽的领域，开始涉及重要的政治问题，所以下文很可能会谈论与该话题相关的作品。二“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday？”Lindsey whispers to Tori.With her eyes shining，Tori brags. “You bet I did. Sean told me two days ago.”Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about？It just happens to be yours truly，Adam Freedman. I can tell you t

13、hat what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true. Still，Lindsey and Tori arent very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me. Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话)I have noticed three effects of gossip：it can hurt people，it can give gossipers a strange ki

14、nd of satisfaction，and it can cause social pressures in a group.An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually，gossip spreads information about a topicbreakups，trouble at home，even dropping outthat a person would rather keep secret.The more embarras

15、sing or shameful the secret is，the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain.If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of g

16、ossip：the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor(传言) can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others dont. Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sen

17、se of belonging or even superiority(优越感)Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten，unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms，this means that if everybody y

18、ou hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The dos and donts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.The effects of gossip vary depending on

19、 the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了闲话的三个影响：一是它会伤害人们的感情；二是它会给说闲话的人带来一种奇怪的满足感；三是它会在群体中导致社交压力。25The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to

20、.Aintroduce a topicBpresent an argumentCdescribe the charactersDclarify his writing purpose答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话)”以及下文提到的gossip的三个影响可推知，开头的对话是为了引出本文的主题，故选A。26An important negative effect of gossip is that it .Abreaks up relationshipsBembarrasses the listener

21、Cspreads information aroundDcauses unpleasant experiences答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.”可知一个重要的负面影响是它会给被讨论的人带来不愉快的经历，故选D。27In the authors opinion，many people like to gossip because it .Agives them a feeling of pleasureB

22、helps them to make more friendsCmakes them better at telling storiesDenables them to meet important people答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句“The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us.”可知，人们散播传言是因为它会带来满足感，故选A。三If you are like most students, you probably sit still while learning a ne

23、w language. However, sitting still may not always be the best way to learn. English learners can improve their language skills through movement, says Tamara Jones. She works at the English Language Center at Howard Community College in Maryland.So, what is the relationship between physical movement

24、and the brain? The idea is that the brain and the body are joined together. This means that one affects the other.Many people are familiar with the idea that the brain tells the body to move. And many people are familiar with the idea that repeating an action over and over again helps your brain to

25、remember. However, some research, such as a study by Morsella and Krauss, suggests that your body might help your brain to find memories. Specifically, movements we make with our body, such as hand gestures, may help us to remember and use the correct words.This idea is part of the reason why expert

26、s on learning strategies, which are ways to improve the learning process, suggest using movements. One learning approach, the Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach, or CALLA, calls the use of movements “Using Your Kinesthetic (动觉的) Sense”Beyond helping the brain to find memories, movements a

27、lso aid in learning, says Tamara Jones. “Theres a lot of research that suggests what you do with your body, you remember with your brain. And also, a lot of these physical movements will encourage us in class or in life, when we are practicing on our own, to repeat and repeat and repeat the word as

28、we are doing the physical movement, and this also helps us remember the word.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，动起来有益于语言学习，也就是说大脑和肢体的结合有助于语言技能的提高。1Why does the author refer to Morsella and Krauss?ATo measure their achievement.BTo prove Jones opinion right.CTo introduce the theme of the passage.DTo present a common

29、lyheld idea.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“English learners can improve their language skills through movement”以及第三段中的“a study by Morsella and Krauss, suggests that your body might help your brain to find memories . and use the correct words.”可知，Morsella和Krauss的观点是肢体可能有助于人们找寻记忆，记起并准确地使用单词，与文章首段中Tamara Jones的观

30、点是一致的。因此作者提到这两个人是为了证明Tamara Jones的观点是正确的。故选B项。2How can physical movements affect ones learning?ABy shortening the repeating process.BBy motivating the brain to remember things.CBy helping one to study in a relaxed state.DBy enabling one to use advanced words.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“movements we make wi

31、th our body, such as hand gestures, may help us to remember and use the correct words”并结合最后一段的内容可知，肢体运动有助于刺激大脑进行记忆，由此可知选项B正确。3Which statement may Tamara Jones agree with?AKnowledge starts with practice.BThe body can control the brain deeply.CMovements help the brain work better.DLanguage learners mu

32、st be more active.解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容，尤其是“Beyond helping the brain to find memories, movements also aid in learning”可知，Tamara Jones的观点应是身体运动能帮助大脑更好地工作，有助于提高英语学习者的语言技能。因此选项C正确。4What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph mean?APracticing English on your own.BSpeaking the word again and again.CGrasping an effective learning strategy.DRepeating words while moving your body.解析：选D代词指代题。根据最后一段中的“to repeat