1、被动语态被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。口诀是:被动语态be字变,过去分词跟后面。公式为: be(有时态的变化)+动词的过去分词1. 一般现在时: am (is, are) +过去分词English is spoken by over 1,oo million people2. 一般过去时: was (were) +过去分词He was hit by a car yesterday.3. 一般将来时: will (shall) be) +过去分词 4. 现在进行时: am (is, are) being +过去分词*
2、 5. 现在完成时: have (has) been +过去分词* 6.带情态动词的被动语态:must (can, may, should, need, would) be +过去分词Something must be done to protect the envirement三 被动语态的用法(谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要,动作承受者需强调,被动语态运用到。)1 不知道动作执行者时,常用被动语态. This car is made in America.2. 不必要说出动作执行者时,常用被动语态. Rome was not built in a day.3.为了突出强调动作的承受者
3、时,常用被动语态.English is spoken in many countries .四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如: All the people laughed at him.-主语 谓语 宾语-He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes
4、are made by them in the factory.口诀是:宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词be过去分词”构成, 例如:1 We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.3 They should do it at once.It should be done at once. (1)将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语Children often sing this s
5、ong This song is often sung by children.六 动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等,后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时,变被动语态时要加上“to” 常见的被动语态的短语有:be made to do sth 被迫做某事be asked to do sth被要求做某事be told to do sth被告知做某事be invited to do sth被邀请做某事be seen to do sth 被看见做某事be spoken被。所讲IThe workers _ work for ten hours every dayA are ma
6、de B are made to C are make D were made to2 He _ steal the bike yesterday .A be seen B is seen to C was seen D was seen to初中英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词表(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost(花费) cost costcut(割) cut cuthit(打) hit hithurt 伤害) hurt hurtlet(让) let letput(放) put putread (读) read read(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat(
7、跳动) beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)become(变成) became becomecome(来) came comerun(跑)ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig(挖) dug dughang(吊死) hanged hangedhang(悬挂)hung hunghold(抓住) held heldshine(照耀) shone shonesit(坐) sat satwin (赢) won wonmeet(遇见) met metkeep (保持) kept keptsleep(睡) slept slept sweep(扫) swep
8、t sweptfeel(感觉) felt felt smell(闻) smelt smeltleave(离开) left leftbuild(建设) built builtlend(借出) lent lentsend (传送) sent sentspend(花费) spent spentlose (丢失) lost lostburn (燃烧) burnt burntlearn(学习) learnt learntmean(意思是) meant meant catch(抓住) caught caughtteach(教) taught taughtbring(带来)brought broughtfi
9、ght (斗) fought fought buy(买) bought boughtthink(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heardsell(卖) sold soldtell(告诉) told toldsay(说) said saidfind(找到) found foundhave/has(有) had hadmake(制造) made madestand(站) stood stood understand明白 understood understood(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)begin(开始) began begun
10、drink(喝) drank drunkring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sungswim(游泳) swam swum blow(吹) blew/u:/ blowndraw(画) drewdrawn fly(飞) flew flowngrow(生长) grewgrown know(知道) knew knownthrow(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shownget(得到)got gottenbreak(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosenforget(忘记) forgot forg
11、otten speak(说,讲) spoke spokenwake(醒) woke woken drive(驾驶) drove driveneat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallengive(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risentake(取) took taken mistake(弄错) mistook mistakenrid(骑) rode riddenwrite(写) wrote writtendo(做) did done gogo(去) went gonelie(躺) lay lainsee(看见) saw seenwear(穿) worewornbe ( am, is, are )(是) was, were been
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