新建 并列句与状语从句.docx

1、新建 并列句与状语从句并列句和状语从句 (一)并 列 句一、并列连词At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didnt want to spend all day with her.(2013新课标全国卷)It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.。Yesterday, I forgot t

2、o pick my son up, so he waited in the kindergarten for nearly two hours.(2014苏州模拟)Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?1表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。2表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而), whereas(然而，但是), while(然而)等。3表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。4表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either . or ., not . but, neither . nor .等。二、祈使句and

3、/or/otherwise句式Practise listening to English every day, and you will make progress soon.If you practise listening to English every day, you will make progress soon.Hurry up or we will be late.If you dont hurry up, we will be late.快点儿，否则我们就迟到了。A few more efforts and you will succeed.If you make a few

4、 more efforts, you will succeed.1祈使句and陈述句If .，主句。2祈使句or陈述句If . not .，主句。考点一 并列连词1(2013北京高考)Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs, _ you could have problems.Aor BandCbut Dso考点二 祈使句and/or/otherwise .2(2013上海高考)_ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what

5、the reading is about.ATo look BLookingCHaving looked DLook3(2011辽宁高考)Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open.Aor BandCbut Dfor(二)状 语 从 句一、时间状语从句1when, while, asNancy enjoyed herself so much when she visited her friends in Sydney last year.I want the girls to experience that while they

6、are young.我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer.When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(1)when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。(2)从属连词while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。(3)从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边，(一

7、边)”或“随着”。(4)如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when, while与as可互换使用。2when的特殊用法I was about to call Tom up when he came to my house.We were having a class in the classroom when a big explosion came.He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.when引导时间状语从句，意为“

8、正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有：when还可表原因，意为“既然”。3表示“刚就，一就”的常用表达The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.No sooner had he finished his speech than the stu

9、dents started cheering.(2011辽宁高考)I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.(1)as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner . than ., hardly/scarcely . when .意思为“(一就) ”.这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生， 常译为“一就”。(2)no

10、 sooner . than .，hardly/scarcely . when .的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。4before与sinceYou must learn to consult your feelings and your reason before you reach any decision.(2013湖南高考)在做任何决定之前，你必须学会顾及自己的情感和理智。John thi

11、nks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.(2010陕西高考)It was several years before I realized that David had lied to me.(2014山西四校模拟)As is reported, it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded.(2011四川高考) (1)before表示“还未就；不到就；才；趁；还没来得及就，在之前”。(2)It will be一段时间before .“多久之后才”。(3)It won

12、t be long before .“不久之后就”。(4)It was一段时间before .“过了多久才”。(5)It is一段时间since .“自从多久了”。5表示“每次；下一次”的常用表达Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.every time, each time, next time, t

13、he last time, any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当；每次；下次”等。6till, until和not . untilHave you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour.(1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，

14、主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。(2)not . until表示“某动作直到某时间才开始”，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式。二、地点状语从句A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins. (2012山东高考)很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。Where theres a will, theres a way.Where(ver) theres plenty of sun and rain, the field

15、s are green.哪里阳光、雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。1地点状语从句通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。2地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。三、条件状语从句She says that shell have to close the shop unless business improves.(2013江西高考)她说如果生意还没有起色的话，她就不得不把店关掉。You can borrow my car as long as you promise not to drive too fast.(2012江西高考)You can go s

16、wimming on condition that you dont go too far from the river bank.Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if, unless(if . not除非)，so/as long as(只要)，in case(万一), on condition that(条件是), suppose/supposing(假设，如果)，provided that(如果)等。四、让步状语从句Although regula

17、r exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.However hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.(2012湖南高考)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even though they knew it to be valuable.Much as I like it, I wont

18、buy it.While I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A(2012湖南高考)引导让步状语从句的连词有：1although/though(尽管，虽然)，even though/even if(即使)。2whether . or .(不管还是)；疑问词ever(不管；无论)，如whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whenever, wherever等；no matter疑问词(不管；无论)。3as或though引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序。4whi

19、le引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。e.g. While I admit that there are problems，I dont agree that they cannot be solved.5though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。e.g. Ive a bit of cold. It is nothing much，though.我有点感冒，不过不太严重。五、原因状语从句Mum, could I go out to play now?Let me see . Yes, since you have finished all your school assignme

20、nts.妈妈，现在我可以出去玩吗？让我想想，是的，既然你已经把所有的学习任务完成了。Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself.既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it.鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你一定知道了。引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because, as, since(既然), now that, seeing that, considering that(考虑到)。六、方式状语从句The house w

21、as greatly damaged by the truck. Wed better leave things as they are until the police arrive.Do as you are told to, or youll be fired.。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as, as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。七、结果状

22、语从句Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the di

23、fficult problems.He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.1引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so . that ., such . that .。注意其结构形式：2当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为：so/such . as to .八、目的状语从句When he goes out, he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recogn

24、ize him.The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.带上雨衣以防下雨。引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that)/lest等。1in order that, so that两个连词都意为“以便；为了”，它们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。2for fear that, in cas

25、e (that)引导目的状语从句时，for fear that表示“害怕，担心某事会发生”；in case (that)/lest表示“以防出现某种情况”。1(2013陕西高考)I have heard a lot of good things about you _ I came back from abroad.Asince BuntilCbefore Dwhen2(2013安徽高考)Its much easier to make friends _ you have similar interests.Aunless BwhenCeven though Dso that3(2012四川高

26、考)If you happen to get lost in the wild, youd better stay _ you are and wait for help.Awhy BwhereCwho Dwhat4(2013重庆高考)_ we have enough evidence, we cant win the case.AOnce BAs long asCUnless DSince5(2010江西高考)Our holiday cost a lot of money.Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _ you enjoyed yourselves.Aa

27、s long as BunlessCas soon as Dthough6(2013辽宁高考)One can always manage to do more things, no matter _ full ones schedule is in life.Ahow BwhatCwhen Dwhere7(2013山东高考)Mark needs to learn Chinese _ his company is opening a branch in Beijing.Aunless BuntilCalthough Dsince8(2012重庆高考)Coach, can I continue with the training?Sorry, you cant _ you havent recovered from the knee injury.Auntil BbeforeCas Dunless9(2011湖南高考)Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever. Aas if Bin case Cwhile Dthough