河南专升本公共英语讲义改错题讲解.docx

1、河南专升本公共英语讲义改错题讲解2015年公共英语讲义-改错题讲解改错题常见考点1. 词汇考点(1) 词语搭配（介词、连词的选择）错误The element carbon is widelyAfoundB in natureC in many forms including both diamonds as well asD coal.解析：Das well as改为and。bothand为固定结构。(2) 错误地省略介词The law I am referringA requires that everyoneB who ownsC a car haveD accident insuranc

2、e.解析：A改为referring to：参考；涉及。注意本句中require后宾语从句中使用了虚拟语气，have前省略了should。(3) 其他高频词汇考点ones ability to do sth., look forward to doing sth., be robbed of sth., more than ample to do sth.（足以）, be far removed from（与毫不相干）, with authority over sth.（有权力）, toextent/degree, win a great victory over sb., in respect

3、（在方面）, at ones expense（由承担）, keep discipline（遵守纪律），on the decline/increase（在下降/增加）2.语法考点(1) 非谓语动词 动词不定式When I consider how talented he isAas a painterB, I cannot help but believingC that the publicD will appreciate his gift.解析：C删去 but，cant help doing sth.：情不自禁或将 believing改为believe，cant help but do s

4、th.：不得不。 动名词Some bosses dislike to allowA people to shareB their responsibilities; they keep allC important matters tightlyD in their own hands.解析：Ato allow改为allowing。dislike后接动名词。 现在分词、过去分词混淆He cannot tell the difference between trueA praise and flatteringB statements makingC only to gainD his favo

5、r.解析：Cmaking改为made。statements与make为被动关系。(2) 比较级、最高级错误点设置 比较级、最高级形式误用A great manyA educators firmlyB believe that English is one of the poorestC taught subjects in high schools todayD.解析：C改为most poorly。taught为动词，要由副词poorly修饰，poorly最高级为most poorly。 比较范围重复出现Of all his outdoorA activities, Paul likes fi

6、shing best of allB, but he doesnt enjoy cleaningC fishing rods afterwardsD.解析：B改为(the) best或(the) most。本句中开头已有Of all，表示整体范围，后用最高级，故删除后面的of all。此外，副词最高级前the可以省略。 句中出现than，却没有相应形容词或副词的比较级形式On the wholeA, ambitious students are much likelyB to succeed in their studies than are thoseCwithD little ambiti

7、on.解析：Bare much likely改为 are more likely。此外，注意本句中被比较的成分使用了倒装句结构。 比较对象不一致As far asA I am concerned, his politics areB rather conservative comparedC with other politiciansD.解析：Dpoliticians改为politicians。比较对象为“他的政见”与“其他政客的政见”。此外，注意：politics单复数同形，表示“政治学”时，谓语动词用单数；表示“政见”时，谓语动词用复数。 比较级错用Because there are l

8、essA members present tonight thanB there wereC last night, we must wait until the next votingD. 解析：A改为fewer，修饰可数名词复数members。less修饰不可数名词。(3)（并列、转折结构）平衡一致原则常考：and/but, notbut, not, asas, not so/asas, than：前后比较成分在形式、词性上均对等一致。While inA Europe, the tourists enjoyed toB their heartsC content the weather,

9、the food and going to the theatreD.解析：D改为the theatre。关键词and表示并列。此处the weather, the food, the theatre均充当enjoy的宾语。(4) 三大从句注意：三大从句中，错误点往往设置在引导词（连接词）的选择上。 名词性从句1）主语从句To beA frank, thatB is a great relief to have the task fulfilledC in so short a timeD. 解析：B改为it。本句看似是一个主语从句，其实it为形式主语，后面的不定式为真正的主语。2）宾语从句I

10、 thought the technician was to blameA for the blowingB of the fuse, but I see now howC I wasD mistaken.解析：Chow改为that。that为宾语从句引导词。 定语从句1）关系代词、关系副词的误用The new hotel has erectedA a beautiful building withB recreation areas and conference facilities on the top floor in whichC the finest view of the city

11、 can be obtainedD.解析：C改为where或from which或on which。the finest view of the city can be obtained为完整的句子，故应用关系副词或介词+关系代词连接，先行词floor指地点。2）成分多余They pointed outA the damage whichB they supposed thatC had been done by last nightsD storm.解析：C去掉that。本句中关系代词which为定语从句的主语，they supposed为插入语，had been done为谓语，故that

12、多余。3）缺少关系代词Accounts ofA scientific experiments are generally correct forB those write aboutC science are careful in checkingD the accuracy of their reports.解析：C改为who write about或writing about。those后接who引导定语从句。此外，句中for引导原因状语从句。 状语从句注意：常考unless。If onlyA the nature of the aging process isB better under

13、stood, the possibility of discoveringC a medicine that can block the fundamental process of aging seemsD very remote.解析：A改为unless，表示“除非”。(5) 虚拟语气 if条件句中连词被错误地省略I shouldA not have recognized theB man evenC you had toldD me his name.解析：C改为even if或even though。本句主句、从句均对过去虚拟。 宾语从句中未能正确使用虚拟语气Id rather you

14、 would goA by train, because I cant bearB the idea of your beingC in an airplane in suchD bad weather.解析：Awould go改为went。would rather后宾语从句对现在、将来虚拟均用一般过去时。(6) 被动语态 该使用被动，却误用主动To understand the situation completelyArequiresB more thought than has givenCthus farD.解析：C改为has been given。thought与give之间为被动关

15、系。此外，应注意本句主语为动词不定式。 该使用主动，却误用被动If it doesntA rain withinB the next few weeks, the cropsC will have to be watered if they are to be survivedD.解析：Dto be survived改为to survive。survive无被动语态。常考last, appear, arise, break out, occur等，不及物动词无被动。(7) 时态He also conceivedA that the solar system and the universe w

16、ould comeB into existence byC a natural process and would disappearD one day.解析：Bwould come改为had come。太阳系与宇宙已经形成，再加上conceived为一般过去时，故其后从句用过去完成时。(8) 动词的误用For him to be re electedA, what is essential is not that his policy worksB, but thatC the public believe that it isD.解析：Dis改为does。does代指前面动词works。注

17、意句中平衡一致结构not that, but that。(9) 主谓不一致Although a great number of houses in that area are stillA in need of repairB, there have beenC improvement in the facilitiesD.解析：C改为has been。本题中improvement为抽象的名词，属于不可数名词，故谓语动词应该用单数。注意：本句中repair为名词。(10) 倒装结构误用Much althoughA I have traveled, I have never seen anyon

18、e to equalB her in thoroughness, whateverCthe jobD.解析：AMuch although改为Much as。口诀：引导让步状语从句，although不可倒，as必须倒，though可倒可不倒。(11) 独立主格结构Beethoven, the great musician, wroteA nine symphonies in his life, most of them were writtenB after he had lostC his hearingD.解析：Dwere written改为written。本句中独立主格结构的主语most

19、of them与write为被动关系，故使用过去分词written。(12) 词性误用 未能正确使用副词Its essential that people beApsychologicalB able to resist the impact brought aboutC by the transition from plannedD economy to market economy.解析：B改为psychologically。able为形容词，应该由副词修饰，psychological为形容词。注意：句中essential为虚拟语气标志词；planned economy表示“计划经济”。

20、未能正确使用形容词All those left undoneA may sound greatlyB in theory, but even the truest believerC has great difficulty whenD it comes to specifics.解析：B改为great。sound为系动词，后接形容词作表语。(13) 可数名词、不可数名词的误用The data receivedA from the two spacecraftsB whirling around Mars indicateC that there is much evidence that h

21、uge thunderstorms are occurringD about the equator of the planet.解析：B改为 two spacecraft。spacecraft“宇宙飞船”单复数同形。类似用法：cattle, police, poultry，deer。（14） 代词误用（指代错误）Although Alice has beenA to the mountains many timesB before, she stillC loves visiting itD.解析：Dvisiting it改为visiting them。them代替前面的复数名词the mo

22、untains。 (15) 缺少句子成分Despite the fact thatA the South Pole is as snow coveredB and stormy weatheredC as the North Pole, is colderD than the North Pole.解析：B改为it is colder。本句缺少主语it，指代the South Pole。(16) 句子结构错误高频考点：使用Becauseso和Althoughbut两个错误结构。改正的方法为：选择because和so中的任意一个，或although和but中的任意一个。Although Prof

23、essor Greens lectures usually ran overA the fifty minuteB period, but noneC of his students evenD objected as they found his lectures both informative and interesting.解析：Cbut none改为 none。(17) 冠词误用“I considered itAa honorB to be invited to addressC the meeting of world famousD scientists,” said Profe

24、ssor Leacock.解析：Aa honor改为an honor。元音前（且可数名词单数）用冠词an。二、练习题：辨认错误并改正试题1. I cannot hardlyA believe it whenB I saw it withC my own eyesD.2. The eruptionsA of Mt. St. Helens were enough severeB to cause numerousCdeathsD. 3. Everything could destroyA if he had not calledB the firemenC when the fire broke

25、outD.4. Of allAthe Native AmericansBinC the United States, the Navajos form largestD group.5. Having returnedA from BerlinB, he recieves no telephone callC, neitherD.6. In the early 1960sA the Civil Rights movement madeB great efforts for registeringC members of minorities to voteD.7. In the ninetee

26、nth centuryA the Mohave Indians livedB in the Northern Hemisphere grewC their crops on river bottom landsD.8. Approximately fifty percent of the packageAutilizedB in the United States are for foodsC and beveragesD.9. Anne couldnt concentrate inA what she was doingBwhileC her family wereD watching TV

27、.10. We were struckA by the extent toB which teachers decisions served the interests of the school rather thanCthatD of the students.11. The greenestA and plentifulestB leaves areC the leaves of grassesD.12. Balloon observationsA for militaryB intelligence were madeCwhileD the American Civil War.13.

28、 For centuries, musicA have played acoustical guitars, which produceBsoundC from the vibrationD of the strings.14. They demandedA that the right to voteBis givenC to every adult personD. 15. The farA away we get from the earthB, the thinnerC the air becomesD. 16. As research techniquesA become more

29、advancedB, theC number of animals usingD in experiments may decrease. 17. In 1991, after the gulf war, Bushs approval ratingA reached 91 percent, the highestB level recordedC since polling were begunD in the 1930s. 18. It is a well known fact thatA a person will moveB in a circle when he cannot use

30、his eyes controlChisD direction. 19. The nations that haveA actively involvedB in earthquake predictionC programs includeD Japan, China, Russia, and the United States.20. SupposedA he does not comeB, shallC we go withoutD him?21. A man cannot be really happy if whatA he enjoys to doB is ignored by s

31、ocietyC as ofD no value or importance.22. It is reported that there are at least three signs thatAindicateB the person is sufferedC from a panic attack rather thanD a heart attack.23. If he accepts the jobA, he would getBmoreC money right awayD.24. How surprisingA the people who thought tomatoes poi

32、sonous would be if they could knowB that millions of pounds of tomatoes wereC supplied to soldiers overseas duringD World War II.25. On the averageA, males score highB than females onC tests that measure mathematical reasoning, mechanical ability, and problem solving skillsD.26. Experiments have to makeAunderBcarefullyCcontrolledD condi