初三上期中复习知识点.docx

1、初三上期中复习知识点20142015学年度第一学期初三英语期中考试指导方案一、总体复习概况：1、复习内容Module1-62、重点考察:每个模块的重要短语和句型，语法知识点以及灵活知识的运用，例如完型填空和阅读理解以及首字母填空。3、 以下将针对每个模块需要考察的知识点，复习的重点难点，进行详细的规划2、主要复习内容：Module1 Wonders of the world知识目标：常考短语：in ones opinion 依某人观点来看 reply to 回答，答复 fall away向下倾倒 do an interview 采访 at the end of在.末尾 go down be a

2、fraid of 害怕2、经典句型：Though I think the Victoria Falls in Africa are even more fantastic. I got out of the car,went through a gate and walked along dark path. Youll get there in five minutes. I was looking across one of the wonders of natural worldthe Grand Canyon.3、重点语法: 复习学过的时态，掌握have been to和have go

3、ne to的用法和区别教学点拨：1、六种时态的用法2、课文探究要点全解：（1）一般现在时一般现在时（表示经常性、习惯性的行为或普遍真理） (一)基本句型第一、二人称第三人称 肯定句人+v.人+v.(s)I walk to school every day.She walks to school every day.否定句人+dont+v.人+doesnt + v.I dont walk to school every day.She doesnt walk to school every day.疑问句Do+人+v.Does+人 + v.Do you walk to school every

4、day?Does she walk to school every day?回答Yes, I do. / No, I dont.Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. Does, doesnt 后要用动词原形1. _ you _ (play) games every day? 2. Tony _ (not want) to buy any toys. （二）第三人称单数形式的构成一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同： 1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如workworks, writewrites。 2. 以s,

5、x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guessguesses, mixmix, finishfinishes, catchcatches。 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为ies，如studystudies。 注：不规则变化的有havehas, beis, gogoes, dodoes等。（三）题目标志词：every day, every , always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 中考链接：On Sundays he sometimes _ his clothes and sometimes _ some shopping

6、.A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does（2）现在进行时 现在进行时：（表示现在正在进行）构成 be + doing ( be动词+动词现在分词)（一） 基本句型：肯定句：主语 + be + doing. 否定句：主语 + be + not + doing.一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + doing? 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + doing?（二） 动词的现在分词的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接在动词后加ing work - working sleep - sleeping study - studying 2

7、.动词以不发音的e结尾，要去e加ing take - taking make - making dance - dancing 3.重读闭音节的动词，要双写词尾字母，再加ing cut - cutting put - putting begin - beginning4.以ie结尾的动词，把变成y再加ing lie - lying tie - tying die - dying 例外：agree, see，因为ee组合参与发音,直接+ing。（三）题目标志词: Look! Listen! Now at the/this moment Look! Tony is running after a

8、car. Listen! The girl is singing in the next room中考链接：-Mary, could you help me? -Wait a moment. I _.A. read a book B. did my homework C. was watching TV D. am cooking dinner.（3）一般过去时 一、巧记一般过去时：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were, have,has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添； 疑问句也不难，did放

9、在主语前； 不含be动词时如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。 含be动词时疑问句也不难，要把was，were放在主语前。2、be的一般过去时：学习动词be的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌 握动词be的一般过去时。 be的过去时有四巧： 一是时间状语巧， 表示过去的短语要记牢； 二是形式巧，单数was，复数were； 三巧是否定句结构，not紧跟waswere； 四是疑问句式巧，waswere向前跑(提前)【一巧】时间状语（即标志词）巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧 与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。1. yester

10、day或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；2. 由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；3. 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等；4. 其它：just now等5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单 数时，谓语动词用was；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。 例如： I w

11、as in the classroom yesterday morning 昨天早上我在教室里。 He was at school last Tuesday 上周二他在学校。 They were over there a moment ago 刚才他们在那边。【三巧】否定句结构巧。与动词be的一般现在时一样，它在动词后面加not即可变成否定 句，并且was, were与not可以缩写成wasnt, werent。即： 主语 wasnt werent 表语 其他。例如： I was not (wasnt) here yesterday 昨天我不在这儿。 My parents were not (

12、werent) at home last Sunday 上周日我父母不在家。【四巧】 疑问句式巧。把was, were提到句首，句末用问号即可变为一般疑问句。即： Was(Were) 主语 表语 其他？这恰巧与动词be的一般现在时的疑问句 式相似。例如： Were you at home the day before yesterday 前天你在家吗？ Was she late this morning今天早上她迟到了吗？ 更巧的是疑问句的答语也相似，肯定回答用“Yes, 主语waswere”； 否定回答用“No,主语wasntwerent”。 例如：Were Wei Hua and Han

13、Mei here just now 刚才魏华和韩梅在这儿吗？ Yes, they were (No, they werent) 是的，她们在。（不，她们不在。）三、动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted，save-saved3末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式am/is

14、wassitsatswimswammeetmetArewerewritewroteteachtaughtspeakspokedodidtelltoldbringbroughttaketookgowentleaveleftthrowthrewgetgothavehadthinkthoughtsingsangdrinkdrankseesawgivegavekeepkepteatatecomecamebeginbeganwearworedrawdrewhearheardriderodeunderstandunderstoodfeedfedsellsoldcatchcaughtloselostfeel

15、feltbuyboughtgrowgrewcutcutspellspeltfindfoundforgetforgothurthurtsweepsweptmakemadeblowblewletletstandstoodsaysaidflyflewputputreadreadrunransendsentsetsetshutshut中考链接：I cleaned my classroom _.A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before（4）一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的

16、状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。常常与表示将来的时间状语连用。常用的表达形式共有五种，现归纳如下： 1.用will或shall表示 “will或shall+动词原形”这一形式，表示将来发生的事情，用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。如：1. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 2. The rain will stop soon. 3. Shall we go there at five? 2.用be going to结构表示“be going to+动词原形”用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”。如：1. Were go

17、ing to meet outside the school gate. 3.用现在进行时表示 表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等），可用现在进行时表示将来时。如：1. Uncle Wang is coming. 2. Theyre leaving for Beijing. 4.用一般现在时表示 根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，都可用一般现在时表示将来时。如1. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 时间状语：tomorrow,the day

18、 after tomorrow,tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening,one day,someday next year/week/month/hour , in+段时间, in the future, this afternoon/Sunday/evening,from now on, soon 中考链接：单选( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. C

19、harlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. w

20、ill have D. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be重点和难点：（5）现在完成时 结构：have / has+过去分词 done1) 表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。Have you had your lunch yet? Yes,

21、I have. Ive just had it.I have lost my pen.I have already watched the TV play.2) 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还有持续下去，常和for, since连用，表示持续的动作或状态，多为延续性动词。We have lived here since 2000.3) 关键字a) just意为“刚刚”，表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。 He has just come back from Beijing.b) ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。 Have yo

22、u ever been to Shanghai?c) never意为“从来没有”，常与before连用，多放在助动词与过去分词之间。 I have never traveled by plane before.d) before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。 I havent heard of it before.e) since + 时间点，for + 加时间段 I have been in Beijing for two years. I have been in Beijing since 2008.4) 延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法现在完成时表示

23、动作从过去某个时候开始一直持续到现在，与一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词应是延续性动词，非延续性动词不可和一段时间连用。I have left this school for eight years. (F)I have been away from this school for eight years. (T)He has borrowed my dictionary for two years. (F)He has kept my dictionary for two years. (T)5) 非延续性动词与一段时间连用是可采用下列三种方法：a) 将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词非延续b

24、uyborrowopenclosebegin/startcomegofinishdie延续havekeepbe openbe closebe onbe herebe therebe overbe dead非延续catch a coldput onget upwake upfall asleeplostjoinleavearrive/reach延续have a coldwearbe upbe awakebe asleepnot havebe inbe awaybeb) 将时间状语改为过去时间，并用一般过去时代替现在完成时。 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1) 侧重点不同：现在完成时是与现在有关的

25、时态，属现在时态范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。 一般过去时是一种过去时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关 Yesterday I went to the zoo. Li Lei has read the book.2) 连用的时间状语不同：与现在完成时连用的时间状语有already, yet, still, just, so far, in the last/past, before, ever, never, since引出的时间，for引出的时间等。 一般过去时常与ago, yesterday, last, in 2000, just now 等连用。重点：Have been

26、 to, have gone to, have been in 三种结构的区别：Have been to: 表示过去曾去过某地，说话时已从该地回来或已从该地去了其他地方，总之现在已不在该地；Have gone to: 表示“已去了某地”，说话时不在说话地点，或在去该地的途中，或已到了该地，总之现在还未回来。Have been in:表示已在某地（呆了多久），若该地为小地方，则in 需用at代替，当后面跟副词时只用have been，其后不可用任何介词。Jim has gone to London with his family.Have you been to Beijing before?中

27、考链接：1.Have you got any pieces of paper? Yes, I _.A. have got B. have C. had one D. did2. Have you ever _ to a foreigner?A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. to speak3. Have you met Mr. Li _?A. just B. ago C. before D. a moment ago4. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years.A. is writing B. w

28、as writing C. wrote D. has written5. Our country _ a lot so far.Yes. I hope it will be even _.A. has changed; well B. changed; goodC. has changed; better D. changed; better6. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years.A. was; studying B. will; studyC. has; studied D. are; studying7. We _ Xiao L

29、i since she was a little girl.A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew8. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_ it twice.A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see9. These farmers have been to the United States.Really? When _ there?A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone10. His father _ the Party (党) since 1978.A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in11. Do you know him well?S