中国科学院大学英语博士研究生考试试题及答案样题.docx

1、中国科学院大学英语博士研究生考试试题及答案样题2021年中国科学院大学英语博士研究生考试试题样题SAMPLETESTUNIVERSITYOFCHINESEACADEMYOFSCIENCESENGLISHENTRANCEEXAMINATIONFORDOCTORALCANDIDATESPAPERONEPARTIVOCABULARY(15minutes,10points,0.5pointeach)Directions:Choosethewordorexpressionbeloweachsentencethatbestcompletesthestatement,andmarkthecorrespond

2、ingletterofyourchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.1.Tenyearsago,ahousewithadecentbathroomwasa_symbolamonguniversityprofessors.A.postB.statusC.positionD.place2.Itwouldbefarbetterifcollectorscouldbepersuadedtospendtheirtimeandmoneyinsupportof_archaeologicalrese

3、arch.A.legibleB.legitimateC.legislativeD.illicit3.Weseekasocietythathasatits_arespectforthedignityandworthoftheindividual. A.endB.hand C.coreD.best4.Avarietyofproblemshavegreatly_thecountrysnormaleducationaldevelopment.A.impededB.imparted C.imploredD.implemented5.Agoodeducationisanassetyoucan_forthe

4、restofyourlife.A.spelloutB.calluponC.falloverD.resortto6.Oilcanchangeasocietymore_thananyonecouldeverhaveimagined.A.grosslyB.severely C.rapidlyD.drastically7.Beneathitsmyriadrules,thefundamentalpurposeof_istomaketheworldapleasanterplacetolivein,andyouamorepleasantpersontolivewith.A.elitismB.eloquenc

5、eC.eminenceD.etiquette8.TheNewTestamentwasnotonlywrittenintheGreeklanguage,butideasderivedfromGreekphilosophywere_inmanypartsofit.A.alteredB.Criticized C. incorporated D. translated 9. Nobody will ever know the agony I go _ waiting for him to come home. A. over B. with C. down D. through 10. While a

6、 countrys economy is becoming the most promising in the world, its people should be more _ about their quality of life. A. discriminating B. distributing C. disagreeing D. disclosing 11. Cheated by two boys whom he had trust on, Joseph promised to _ them. A. find fault with B. make the most of C. lo

7、ok down upon D. get even with 12. The Ministers _ answer let to an outcry from the Opposition. A. impressive B. evasive C. intensive D. exhaustive 13. In proportion as the _ between classes within the nation disappears the hostility of one nation to another will come to an end. A. intolerance B. pes

8、simism C. injustice D. antagonism 14. Everyone does their own thing, to the point where a fifth-grade teacher cant _ on a fourth-grade teacher having taught certain things. A.count B .insist C.fall D. dwell 15. When the fire broke out in the building, the people lost their _ and ran into the elevato

9、r. A. hearts B. tempers C. heads D. senses 16. Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed were quite simply _ every cheat in the marketplace. A. at the mercy of B. in lieu of C. by courtesy of D. for the price of 17. In fact the purchasing power of a single persons pension in Hong

10、Kong was only 70 per cent of the value of the _ Singapore pension. A. equivalent B. similar C. consistent D. identical 18. He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk _. A. honestly B. graciously C. coherently D. flexibly 19. The novel, which is a work of art, ex

11、ists not by its _ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life. A. significance in B. imagination at C. resemblance to D. predominance over 20. She was artful and could always _ her parents in the end. A. shout down B. get round C. comply with D. pass over PART II CLOZE TEST (15 minutes, 15 po

12、ints) Directions: For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the four choices given in the opposite column. Mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. We are entering a period in which rapi

13、d population growth, the presence of deadly weapons, and dwindling resources will bring international tensions to dangerous levels for an extended period. Indeed, 21 seems no reason for these levels of danger to subside unless population equilibrium is 22 and some rough measure of fairness reached i

14、n the distribution of wealth among nations. 23 of adequate magnitude imply a willingness to redistribute income internationally on a more generous 24 than the advanced nations have evidenced within their own domains. The required increases in 25 in the backward regions would necessitate gigantic app

15、lications of energy merely to extract the 26 resources. It is uncertain whether the requisite energy-producing technology exists, and more serious, 27 that its application would bring us to the threshold of an irreversible change in climate 28 a consequence of the enormous addition of manmade heat t

16、o the atmosphere. It is this 29 problem that poses the most demanding and difficult of the challenges. The existing 30 of industrial growth, with no allowance for increased industrialization to repair global poverty, hold 31 the risk of entering the danger zone of climatic change in as 32 as three o

17、r four generations. If the trajectory is in fact pursued, industrial growth will 33 have to come to an immediate halt, for another generation or two along that 34 would literally consume human, perhaps all life. The terrifying outcome can be postponed only to the extent that the wastage of heat can

18、be reduced, 35 that technologies that do not add to the atmospheric heat burdenfor example, the use of solar energycan be utilized. (1996) 21. A. one B. it C. this D. there 22. A. achieved B. succeeded C. produced D. Executed 23. A. Transfers B. Transactions C. Transports D. Transcripts 24. A. exten

19、t B. scale C. measure D. range 25. A. outgrowth B. outcrop C. output D. outcome 26. A. needed B. needy C. needless D. needing 27. A. possible B. possibly C. probable D. probably 28. A. in B. with C. as D. to 29. A. least B. late C. latest D. last 30. A. race B. pace C. face D. lace 31. A. on B. up C

20、. down D. out 32. A. less B. fewer C. many D. little 33. A. rather B. hardly C. then D. yet 34. A. line B. move C. drive D. track 35. A. if B. or C. while D. as PART III READING COMPREHENSION Section A (60 minutes, 30 points) Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questi

21、ons or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets o

22、n your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet. Passage 1 The writing of a historical synthesis involves integrating the materials available to the historian into a comprehensible whole. The problem in writing a historical synthesis is how to find a pattern in, or impose a pattern upon, the detailed informatio

23、n that has already been used to explain the causes for a historical event. A synthesis seeks common elements in which to interpret the contingent parts of a historical event. The initial step, therefore, in writing a historical synthesis, is to put the event to be synthesized in a proper historical

24、perspective, so that the common elements or strands making up the event can be determined. This can be accomplished by analyzing the historical event as part of a general trend or continuum in history. The common elements that are familiar to the event will become the ideological framework in which

25、the historian seeks to synthesize. This is not to say that any factor will not have a greater relative value in the historians handling of the interrelated when viewed in a broad historical perspective. The historian, in synthesizing, must determine the extent to which the existing hypotheses have s

26、imilar trends. A general trend line, once established, will enable these similar trends to be correlated and paralleled within the conceptual framework of a common base. A synthesis further seeks to determine, from existing hypotheses, why an outcome took the direction it did; thus, it necessitates

27、reconstructing the spirit of the times in order to assimilate the political, social, psychological, etc., factors within a common base. As such, the synthesis becomes the logical construct in interpreting the common ground between an original explanation of an outcome (thesis) and the reinterpretati

28、on of the outcome along different lines (antithesis). Therefore, the synthesis necessitates the integration of the materials available into a comprehensible whole which will in turn provide a new historical perspective for the event being synthesized. 36. The author would mostly be concerned with _.

29、 A. finding the most important cause for a particular historical event B. determining when hypotheses need to be reinterpreted C. imposing a pattern upon varying interpretations for the causes of a particular historical event D. attributing many conditions that together lead to a particular historic

30、al event or to single motive 37. The most important preliminary step in writing a historical synthesis would be _. A. to accumulate sufficient reference material to explain an event B. analyzing the historical event to determine if a “single theme theory apples to the event C. determining the common strands that make up a historical event D. interpreting historical factors to determine if one