比较结构.docx

1、比较结构Adj./Adv.Positive degree Comparative degreeSuperlative degree一、“as +原级+as” 结构I. as + adv./adj. +as1) Hes as tall as I.He is as tall as me. (多用于口语)He likes her as much as he likes his sister.否定形式not as as或 not so as 二者无明显区别。It is not as/so hot in Nanjing as in Hangzhou.He does not smoke so heavil

2、y as his brother. 以上可看出， 在asas结构的句子中，通常是主句主语和as分句的主语不同，而比较项目相同，这是asas结构的最基本用法。2). 主句主语和as分句主语相同，而比较项目不同。The girl was as brilliant as she was beautiful.The swimming pool is as wide as it is long.He is not so wise as he is witty.She is not so witty as she is pretty.3). 主句和as 从句的主语和比较项目都不同。The swimming

3、 pool isnt twice as long as that one is wide.（这个游泳池的宽度并没有那个游泳池长度的两倍。）His uncle was as base and unworthy as his father was upright and honorable. (他的叔叔卑鄙龌龊，不像他父亲那样正直可敬)II变体1) as + much/many + 名词+ as此处much/many是限定词He took as much butter as he needed.2) as +形原级 + a + 单数名词 +asas +形原级 + 不可数名词 +asGeorge i

4、s as efficient a worker as Jack.I dont want as expensive a car as this.补充说明1)as as结构前可以用just, almost, nearly, half等程度副词修饰She hasnt been quite so unlucky as she pretends.他着装奇异不及Jim的一半。He does not dress half as strangely as Jim.2) as分句中的成分省略省略谓语He is as handsome as his brother (is handsome).省略部分谓语I ha

5、ve as many assignments as you have (assignments).I expect to weep as much as (I expect) to laugh.省略主谓保留修饰语（多为状语）It is as cold in Minnesota as (it is cold) in Heilongjiang.以上省略部分都为平行结构I have never in my life seen so much rain as fell in that February in the endless Mississippi forest.There are as goo

6、d fish in the sea _ ever came out of it.A. than B. like C. as D. so把as当作代词，作从句主语用3) not soas not so much as与其说是不如说是Beijing is not so large as Tokyo.It was not so much his appearance I liked as his personality.It wasnt so much that I disliked her as that I just wasnt interested.It is not _ much the l

7、anguage as the background that makes the book difficult to understand. A. that B. as C. so D. very 二、morethanI. 基本结构“比较级+than 分句” He is taller than I.She sees me more often than she sees her brother.否定结构可用lessthan但更常用not so/as as结构。变体1）形比较级 + 名 + thanI spend less money on clothing than my sister.Joh

8、n is a more efficient worker than Jack.2）名 + 形比较级 + thanJohn is a worker more efficient than Jack.3）the + 形比较级 + of + the two4）superior/ inferior to 补充说明1) much, far, a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot;any, no;(Are you any better today?)even, still, yet; 更加（In baggy pants，he seemed even shorter.）A

9、ll/so much/none the+比较级+原因状语； 因此而更加He had sent me many presents, but I dont like him the more for it.2）morethan还可用在同一个人或物不同的比较He is more a writer than an artist.是而不是，与其说是不如说是She is more keen than wise. John is more daring than quick-minded.这种情况下只能使用more，不能使用erIt is more a political crisis than an ec

10、onomic crisis.上述结构也可用于lessthan，得出相反含义。He was less hurt than frightened.John is less daring than quick-witted.3)not more/er than与 no more/er thanHe is no richer than I= as poor asHe is not richer than I.He is not less determined than you. 他的决心不比你小。He is no less determined than you.他的决心不亚于你。言其大。4) mor

11、e and moreeg. He is becoming fatter and fatter. 5). The more the moreeg. The harder she worked, the more progress she made.6）more than 1 用于数词之前More than 1000 people attended the meeting.有“多的惊人”之意，如无此意，可用over2 more than 不止， 超过 She is more than pretty.她何止是漂亮。You are more than welcome.I more than saw i

12、t. I felt it too.My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.7)比较级用于否定结构可表示“最不过了”Nothing better! I cannot agree with you more.This can give me no greater pleasure.8) 比较级than原级再不过了It is drabber than drab.9) 绝对比较级higher educationyounger generationthe lower class省略1. The indoor swimming pool seems to b

13、e a great more luxurious than _. A. is necessaryB. being necessary C. to be necessary D. it is necessary2. The experiment requires more money than _. A. have been put in B. being put in C. has been put in D. to be put in3. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing t

14、han _ in the public mind today. A. exists B. exist C. existing D. to exist4. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _ Eastern Nebraska. A. in B. it receives in C. does D. it does in最高级 A. 常用“the +最高级+比较范围”eg. This is the best picture in the hall.He sings the best in the class.B. 变体1) more than any other 2) Not + 比较等级