高中英语三大从句.docx

1、高中英语三大从句高中英语主要要掌握三大从句。分别是：1、定语从句（形容词从句）2、名词词从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）3、状语从句（副词性从句，包括时间，地点，结果，目的，原因等）一、定语从句：定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。1、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主词保持一致。（1）, who, whom, that这些词代替指人

2、，“whom”作宾语指人，“that”既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。（2），Which 用来指人或物(用作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略）（3），whose“whose”表示谁（可以为人也可以为物）的（东西）2、关系代词引导的定语从句（1），关系副词why主要用于修饰表示原因的名词（主要是the reason），同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语。（2），关系副词when主要用于修饰表示时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。（3），关系副词where主要用于修饰表示地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。3、非限制性定语从句它起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句

3、的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。二、名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：1、连词（5个）：that （宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略） whether,if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”） 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分2、连接代词（

4、9个）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever3、连接副词（7个）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however三、状语从句 状语从句 （Adverbial Clause） 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于

5、句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。状语从句细分的话，共包括九种： 1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.目的状语从句6.让步状语从句7.比较状语从句8.方式状语从句91. Mary lives in the room, the door _ opens east. A. of it B. of which C. of that D. whose 2. The engineer _ my father is talking has just come from abroad. A. with whom B. with who C. with which D. that 3.

6、He lives in a hotel, _ is only five minutes walk from here. A. that B. which C. in which D. where 4. Is there anything _ I can do for you? . A. which B. who C. as D. that 5. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _are known to us. A. which B. that C. as D. who 6. This is the rea

7、son _ they are all against the plan. A. which B. that C. why D. what 7. It was not until late in the evening _ the traveler found a hotel. A. which B. that C. as D. where 8. I didnt like the way _ she spoke to me. A. which B. that C. how D. as 9. This is _ I can do for you right now. A. which B. tha

8、t C. what D. as 10. It was at our college library _ I borrowed the novel. A. which B. in which C. that D. where 11. I have seen trees, _ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. of which leaves C. whose leaves D. its leaves 12. All _ is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thing B. t

9、hat C. what D. which 13. The foreign guests, _ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport. A. most of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. most of those 14. On the train I saw a student _ I thought was your sister. A. who B. whom C. which D. that 15. Is the river _ through the town ver

10、y long? A. flows B. that flows C. which flow D. the one flows 16. Is this college _ they went to last year? A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 17. Is this the university _ you visited last time? A. that one B. which C. the one D. the one what 18. Id like to tell you _ I saw in the exhibitio

11、n. A. which B. that C. what D. / 19. I hope that the little _ I have been able to do has been of some use. A. which B. that C. what D. for which 20. Who _ has common sense will do such a thing? A. which B. that C .whose D. whom 21 The bike and its rider _ had knocked down the boy were taken to the p

12、olice. A. who B .that C. which D. whom 22. Put the letter _ he can find it easily. A. in which B. at which C. where D. which 23. This is the very letter _ I am looking for . A. which B. that C. as D. what 24. Tom didnt attend the meeting, _ we expected. A. where B. that C. as D. what 25. I will give

13、 you such information _ will help you. A. which B. that C. as D. what 26. This is the best hotel in the city _ I know. A. which B. that C. where D. it 27. The lady _ is a woman scientist. A. whom you spoke B. with which you spoke C. whom you said to D. you spoke to 28. This is the third week _ the d

14、ustmen havent come for the rubbish. A. that B. when C. which D. on which 29. He is the only one of the students _ the truth. A. who know B. who knows C. that know D. who are knowing 30. Did they find they went back_ ? A. where had they been B. where were they C. where they had been D. where they wer

15、e 31. To get the job started, _ I need is your permission. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 32. My father bought me several books, but _ was interesting. A. most of them B. none of them C. none of which D. neither of which 33. “Thirty-nine Steps” is one of the most exciting films _

16、directed by Alfred Hotchcock. A. which was B. that was C. that were D. which were 34. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from the plants _ wild. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew 35. Those _ were not fit for their work could not see the beautif

17、ul clothes. A. who B. that C. which D. whose 36. The children themselves were calm enough; _ the parents that got into a panic. A. in spite of B. those were C. it was D. however 37. It is many years _ we met last in London. A. since B. when C. that D. which 38. Shell be on the same train _ I am on t

18、oday. A. as B. like C. with D. that 39. When people talk about the cities of US, the first _ comes into mind is New York. A. city B. of them C. one D. that 40. Is there anyone in your class _ family is in the city? A. which B. whose C. what D. who 41. He hasnt got enough money with _ he can buy the

19、computer. A. that B. which C. it D. whom 42. Winter is the time of year _ the days are short and nights are long. A. that B. which C. when D. whose 43. Football, _ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. A. that B. which C. it D. who BABDB CBBCD CBAAB CBCBB BCBCC BDABC CBCCA CADDB

20、BCB 1-5 BABDB 6-10 CBBCD 11-15 CBADA 16-20 BCBCA 21-25 BACCC 26-30 BBBBC 31-35 CBBBB 36-40 CBDCD 41-45 CABBB 46-50 DBDAD 51-55 DAABC 56-60 CBCBC 61-65 BCBAB 66-70 ACBDC 71-75 DABCC 76-80 ACCDA 81-85 ADDAA 86-90 CCCAA 91-95 BCADB 96-100 CBCDB 高中英语定语从句汇总讲解 - 发表日期：2009年1月9日 作者：Zola Stone 【编辑录入：admin】 英

21、语谚语欣赏1. He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for nothing.不懂装懂，一事无成. 2. Its the first step that costs.千里之行，始于足下3. He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf. 甘当小绵羊，迟早要喂狼. 概念：(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以

22、为一个词，短语，或整个主句。(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）常用的关系代词: that、 which、 who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/whonot, 没有不, 在从句中作主语，宾语)常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、 whereThe student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why

23、 he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. Id like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。. 几个关系代词的基本用法：that: 可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语。(指人时，相当于who或 whom；指物时，相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如：1. A letter that/which i

24、s written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?3. You can take anything ( that) you like. （宾语）4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about?5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.6. Shes no longer the girl ( that) she us

25、ed to be before.（表语）7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be.= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from what it used to be。= Our hometown is not what it used to be.which: 指物；在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。如：1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought

26、by my father.（主语）2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语）3. The factory in which his father works is far from here.4. He was proud, which his brother never was. （表语）5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语）6. He may be late, in which cas

27、e we ought to wait for him.who, whom, whose:who: 主格, 在从句中作主语，在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人whom: 宾格，在从句中作宾语; 只可指人whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。I like the students who/that work hard. （主语）All who heard the story were amazed. (代词如he, they, any, those, all, one等后多用who.)Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard,

28、was a success as an actor. （宾语）Hes a man from whom we should learn. = Hes a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from.比较：He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.He is the student who you think is worth praising.A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.（指人）Id like a room

29、 whose window faces south. （指物）=Id like a room of which the window faces south. =Id like a room the window of which faces south.There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come 关系代词作介词宾语:关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时, 介词可放于从句之首, 也可放于从句之末. 但以放于句首较为正式.（介词前置，必须注意不影响动词词组的含义。关

30、系代词who 和 that 用作介词宾语时, 介词必须放在句末.） This is the book for which you asked. =This is the book (that/which) you asked for.Do you know the person with whom I shook hands？= Do you know the person (whom/who/that) I shook hands with?The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week?Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last w