英语专业四级阅读明白得.docx

1、英语专业四级阅读明白得2010 年英语专业四级阅读明白得Text AWhat is the nature of the scientifi c attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, chemistry, geology, engineering, medical or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many

2、people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The fi rst of these is the application of the machines and products that scientists and technologists develop. New drugs, faster and safer means of transport, new systems of applied knowledge are some examples of

3、 this aspect of science.The second aspect is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work. What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity he wants to fi nd out how and wh

4、y the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions, whet

5、her of pure or applied knowledge, and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies persistent and logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the full extent. For example, trained obs

6、ervers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis fo

7、r truth.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own. Since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientifi c instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relat

8、ionships in data, which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.81. Many peo

9、ple believe that science helps society to progress through .A. applied knowledge B. more than one aspectC. technology only D. the use of machines82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?A. It gives the scientist confi dence and pleasure in work.B. It gives rise to interest

10、in problem that are unexplained.C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D. It encourages the scientists to look for new ways of acting.83. According to the passage, a successful scientist would not .A. easily believe in unchecked statementsB. easily criticize others research work

11、C. always use his imagination in workD. always use evidence from observation84. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modern society.C. Scientists way of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.85. What is the authors attitude towards th

12、e topic?A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Biased. D. Unclear.Text BOver the past several decades, the ., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with “nonhuman

13、 creatures” such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in

14、countries such as Peru.The Nazca “lines” of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images ar

15、e so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 ., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of

16、 Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientifi c community did not take long to scoff at and abandon von Danikens theory.

17、Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientifi c community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from

18、Latin Americas past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.86. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Latin America has long received atten

19、tion for unusual phenomena.B. Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.D. Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.87. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were found .A. in mountains B. in stones C. on

20、 animals D. on a plain88. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the the images they present.A. smaller B. larger C. clearer D. brighter89. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because of _.A. the participation of scientists B. the emergence of the

21、InternetC. the birth of new theories D. the interest in the Internet90. The author is about the role of the Internet in solving mysteries.A. cautious B. pessimistic C. uncertain D. optimisticText CGraduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest tend to trigger such t

22、houghts as, “Why did I wear such uncomfortable shoes?”But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger. Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because theyve managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every year, the media report some of these sp

23、eakers wise remarks.Last month, the following words of wisdom were spread:“You really havent completed the circle of success unless you can help somebody else move forward.” (Oprah Winfrey, Duke University).“There is no way to stop change; change will come. Go out and give us a future worthy of the

24、world we all wish to create together.” (Hillary Clinton, New York University).“This really is your moment. History is yours to bend.” (Joe Biden, Wake Forest University). Of course, the real “get” of the graduation season was first lady Michelle Obamas appearance at the University of California, Mer

25、ced. “Remember that you are blessed,” she told the class of 2009, “Remember that in exchange for those blessings, you must give somethingback. As advocate and activist Marian Wright Edelman says, Service is the rent we pay for living . it is the true measure, the only measure of success.”Calls to se

26、rvice have a long, rich tradition in these speeches. However, it is possible for a graduation speech to go beyond cliche and say something truly compelling. The late writer David Foster Wallaces 2005 graduation speech at Kenyon College in Ohio talked about how to truly care about other people. It ga

27、ined something of a cult after it was widely circulated on the Internet. Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs address at Stanford University that year, in which he talked about death, is also considered one of the best in recent memory.But when youre sitting in the hot sun, fi dgety and freaked out, do you

28、 really want to be lectured about the big stuff ? Isnt that like trying to maintain a smile at your wedding reception while some relative gives a toast that amounts to “marriage is hard work”? You know hes right; you just dont want to think about it at that particular moment. In fact, as is the case

29、 in many major life moments, you cant really manage to think beyond the blisters your new shoes are causing.That may seem anticlimactic. But it also gets to the heart of one of lifes greatest, saddest truths: that our most “memorable” occasions may elicit the fewest memories. Its probably not someth

30、ing most graduation speakers would say, but its one of the fi rst lessons of growing up.91. According to the passage, most graduation speeches tend to recall _ memories.A. great B. trivial C. unforgettable D. unimaginative92. “But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger” is

31、 explained _.A. in the fi nal paragraph. B. in the last but one paragraph.C. in the fi rst paragraph. D. in the same paragraph.93. The graduation speeches mentioned in the passage are related to the following themes EXCEPT _.A. death. B. success. C. service. D. generosity.94. It is implied in the pa

32、ssage that at great moments people fail to _.A. remain clear-headed. B. keep good manners.C. remember others words. D. recollect specifi c details.95. What is “one of the first lessons of growing up”?A. Attending a graduation ceremony.B. Listening to graduation speeches.C. Forgetting details of memorable events.D. Meeting high-profile graduation speakers.Text DCultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defi nes social units. For example, in some so