60MinutesOctScript美国60分钟时事节目份节目文本.docx

1、60MinutesOctScript美国60分钟时事节目份节目文本60分钟60.Minutes.US.S43E02.2010.10.03.Unfinished.Business.-.The.Go.To.Guy.-.Giving.Away.A.Fortune.HDTV.XviD-YT01.Iraq: Unfinished Business(CBS) When the U.S. combat mission in Iraq ended in August, instead of celebrations on the streets of Baghdad there was a kind of u

2、neasy reflection about the cost of seven years of war and all the unfinished business that remains. The American commander who knows more about that unfinished business than anyone is four-star General Ray Odierno, who spent more time in Iraq than any other senior officer. In 2003, he led the 4th In

3、fantry Division that captured Saddam Hussein. He helped implement the surge as General Petraeus number two. And became number one himself two years ago when Iraq was so violent, he never left the base without wearing full body armor. Last month, as he was about to relinquish command, he showed us a

4、very different Iraq. When asked by correspondent Lesley Stahl whether he was wearing armor at a Baghdad market, the general told her, No, Im not. As General Odierno looks back on his two years as commander, he says that despite a recent wave of bombings, the level of violence has come down considera

5、bly. His last act as the man in charge was to oversee the U.S. military drawdown, the largest movement of troops and materiel since World War II. It was a logistical tour de force, involving over 40,000 armored vehicles, jeeps and bulldozers; 2.2 million separate items had to be sorted, stacked and

6、packed, as well as 7,000 tons of ammunition. The Armys 4th Stryker Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division was the last combat unit to leave. It took them three days and nights to move across the border into Kuwait. But many Iraqis wonder what the U.S. occupation accomplished, as we leave their country with

7、a litany of unresolved issues, not the least being political disarray: Iraqs parliament remained locked, dark and empty, for nearly seven months while the politicians wrangled over who would be the next prime minister. People are beginning to wonder, you know, if this country can really sustain demo

8、cracy, Stahl remarked. Well, I think we have to see. I mean, I still think its too early to tell, Odierno said. If you look in United States history, democracy was pretty ugly in the beginning. This is a very difficult form of government. But I think they really want it. If I were an Iraqi, Id say W

9、e had this great election. Were so proud of ourselves. But what did they get for it? Stahl asked. You had an election that was free and people were able to vote for the people they thought. It was a very close election. A very close election, Odierno replied. When have you seen a close election in t

10、he Arab world? But the question for people like Rahad al Hindi is: what has democracy meant for their daily lives? The United States has spent $50 billion trying to rebuild Iraq, including $5 billion to improve the electrical grid, but as we discovered, the grid barely works. People who can afford t

11、hem buy generators, which explains the rats nests of wires you see everywhere. But Rahad, a factory worker, cant afford much, so she and her family live here mostly in the dark. They get only two hours of electricity a day, so no power for a fan, for a refrigerator, or a pump to bring water into the

12、ir apartment. Rahad and her brother, Bassam, get water from their neighbors with generators, one pail at a time. Its a daily trek back down the stairwell and up the street and then back again. If her neighbors arent home, Rahad says theres no water. They werent there, oh no! Stahl remarked, after Ra

13、had returned with an empty pail. So now you have to wait for them to come home before you can have any water? Its hard to tell just how representative Rahad is: overall in Iraq, per capita income has jumped nearly 700 percent since 2003. But we couldnt find anyone who didnt complain about the qualit

14、y of life. (CBS) Someone said that since the Americans have been here, the only thing thats gotten better is they have more cell phones and more television channels. They expected the Americans to fix things, Stahl told Odierno. This is not about us fixing things. This is about us helping the Iraqis

15、 to fix things. Lets take a look back here: if you were back in 2006 and 07 you wouldnt see thousands and thousands of cars on the street. You wouldnt see thousands and thousands of new businesses. You kind of make fun of - theres more cell phones. Well there are more cell phones. They werent even a

16、llowed to have cell phones before. They werent allowed to have satellite dishes. So lets really take a look at whats changed here, the general replied. We interviewed an Iraqi university professor. And he says, What we need is a military strongman. And I wonder if you sense that there is beginning t

17、o be a yearning, I hate to say the word, for a dictatorship? Stahl asked. I dont think so, Odierno replied. I think these people struggled significantly for 30 years now. And I dont think theyre ready to go back to a dictatorship. That university professor is Safa Bayati who supported the U.S. invas

18、ion, but now sees a dark future for his country. I think now America should bring a very strong military man to rule Iraq before they leave, Safa told Stahl. I cant believe youre saying that. Saddam Hussein was a military man, Stahl said. Yes, Safa replied. Now Saddam is the very worst one. But now

19、what we have from the politics, those politics now: they are ruling, they are much, much worser than Saddam. You wont hear that sentiment in the northern part of the country, in Kurdistan. There they tremble at the thought of another Saddam. Barham Salih is the prime minister of Iraqi Kurdistan. We

20、fear that dictatorship will re-emerge. And we have had such terrible history of genocide and ethnic cleansing, he told Stahl. Asked if thats the biggest fear, the prime minister said, Of course. Halabja happened in 1988: in one single day 5,000 civilians were gassed to death by Saddam Hussein. Peopl

21、e cannot forget that and should not forget it. With that history, the Kurds want as much independence from the central government as possible. Theyve been able to establish what looks like a separate country: Kurdistan has its own flag, its own army, its own parliament and president, and its own muc

22、h more thriving economy. The question is, do they want to be a part of Iraq or an independent state? Every Kurd, including myself, deep down in my heart, I want to see an independent Kurdistan. But it is not about what you want. Its about what is possible. We have made a deliberate judgment. We have

23、 chosen to be part of a democratic, federal Iraq, Prime Minister Salih said. So youre committed to staying within Iraq? Stahl asked. A democratic Iraq, Salih replied. A dictatorial Iraq, I cannot give that?commitment. But staying in Iraq doesnt mean there arent border disputes with the rest of Iraq,

24、 as if they were a separate country. General Odierno flew with Stahl over one of the most volatile pieces of unfinished business, what they call the disputed areas. (CBS) The Kurds and the central government each claim the disputed area, a 300-mile long corridor, as theirs. Tensions got so heated th

25、ere last year, that the Kurdish army, the Pesh Merga, almost went to war with the Iraqi army. To calm things down, Odierno organized teams of Pesh Merga, Iraqi and U.S. soldiers to man check points together and patrol the region. Theres a lot of mistrust. So?were trying to build trust between them a

26、nd hope this would help, Odierno explained. But theres another dispute between the two sides, thats just as contentious: oil. This is one of the major points that needs to be resolved very quickly, because this cannot be allowed to continue, Hussein Shahristani, the minister of oil in Baghdad, told

27、Stahl. Shahristani says this issue is so subversive it threatens to fragment the country. He says the Kurds have illegally hired oil companies from China, Turkey, Norway and elsewhere to explore and develop their oil independently of the central government. Theyve went and signed some contracts, whi

28、ch we declared as unconstitutional, he explained. But as I understand it, what you say is illegal is exactly what has been going on. They have hired something like 40 smallish oil companies to develop the oil fields. So what happens now? Stahl asked. This cannot be allowed to continue, that the Iraq

29、i oil is taken out from Iraqi territory, sold, the money is collected by we dont know who. Not deposited, Shahristani said. So, you dont know where the money goes? Stahl asked. Exactly, he replied. According to the minister, not a single dinar is making it down to Baghdad. One of his more startling

30、accusations is that one of the countries the Kurds are selling their oil to is Iran. If true, that would seem to undermine, if not outright violate U.S. sanctions that prohibit such sales. Are the Kurds selling oil to Iran? Stahl asked Odierno. They say they are not selling oil to Iran, Odierno repl

31、ied. And you dont. My question is: you dont really know the answer at this point, Stahl remarked. But the minister of oil says they might be. Were trying to get the right answer, the general said. We decided to look for ourselves, so we drove close to the border between Iraqi Kurdistan and Iran and

32、found oil trucks lined up as far as the eye could see. Nobody stopped us, as one driver after another told us they were transporting fuel oil and gasoline. We followed them and watched them cross into Iran one by one. (CBS) When Stahl asked Barham Salih, the Kurdish prime minister, about this he seemed reluctant to admit the sales. Look, wha