自考英语阅读模考试题及答案.docx

1、自考英语阅读模考试题及答案2012年自考英语阅读模考试题及答案I. Vocabulary. ( 10 points, 1 point for each)Scan the following passage and find the words which have roughly the same meanings as those given below. The number in the bracket after each word definition refers to the number of paragraph in which the target word is. Wri

2、te the word you choose on the ANSWER SHEET.About three hundred years ago, there were approximately half a billion people in the world. In the two centuries that followed the population doubled, and, by 1850, there were more than a billion people in the world. It took only 75 years for the figure to

3、double once more, so that now the population figure stands at approximately six and one half billion. Each day the population of the world increases by about 150,000.In former centuries the population grew slowly. Famines, wars, and epidemics, such as the plague and cholera, killed many people. Toda

4、y, although the birth rate has not changed significantly, the death rate has been lowered considerably by various kinds of progress.Machinery has made it possible to produce more and more food in vast areas, such as the plains of America and Russia. Crops have increased almost everywhere and people

5、are growing more and more food. New forms of food preservation have also been developed so that food need not be eaten as soon as it has grown. Meat, fish, fruit and vegetables can be dried, tinned or frozen, then stored for later use.Improvement in communications and transportation has made it poss

6、ible to send more food from the place where it is produced to other places where it is needed. This has helped reduced the number of famines.Generally speaking, people live in conditions of greater security. Practices such as the slave trade, which caused many useless deaths, have been stopped.1. on

7、e hundred years (Para. 1)2. symbol for a number (Para. 1)3. an extreme scarcity of food (Para 2)4. an outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely (Para.2)5. importantly (Para.2)6. much; a great deal (Para. 2)7. preparation of food to resist decay (Para. 3)8. to reserve or put aw

8、ay for future use (Para.3)9. a means or system of carrying passengers or goods from one place to another (Para. 4)10. the state of being safe (Para. 5)II. Reading Comprehension. (50 points, 2 points for each)In this part of the test, there are five passages. Following each passage, there are five qu

9、estions with four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneQ. Theres a lot of talk about putting up manned orbital stations. What does this mean, concretely?A. It is very important to have scientific stations in space. A space telescope

10、 with a mirror slightly over six and a half feet in diameter will be placed in orbit, and there will be more and more of these. A few years ago, our group at Saclay, in collaboration with a number of other European Laboratories, orbited a telescope that revolutionized our knowledge of gamma-ray emis

11、sions by celestial objects.Life aboard manned space stations wont be as exciting as we might suppose. It will probably be comparable to the life people lead aboard deep-sea oil rigs.Q. What scientific interest will these stations offer?A. Observation is much more precise beyond the atmosphere, becau

12、se the sky is darker. You see many more stars and objects that are concealed by the earths luminescence.Q. What objects?A. We know pretty well how stars are born because we can observe them. Two or three new stars appear in our galaxy every year. But nearly all the galaxies were born at the same tim

13、e, when the universe was constituted 15 billion (light) years ago. No new ones are thought to exist.To observe the birth of a galaxy that happened so long ago, you have to see a very long way. At present we can go back 10 to 12 billion years. We have to go a bit farther back still, and maybe catch t

14、hem in the act of birth. Distant objects are necessarily very dim, so ideal conditions are needed to observe them. Orbital stations provide such conditions.Q. Would orbital stations be choice places from which to try to communicate with extraterrestrial intelligences?A. Not particularly through radi

15、o communication, except on certain wave lengths that are absorbed by the atmosphere. But as points of departure for exploration theyll be very useful.Q. How far would such exploration go?A. In 1989 the satellite Voyager II will reach Neptune after a journey of three and a half years. In addition, fi

16、ve probes were sent to rendezvous with Halleys comet. So exploration of the solar system is more or less under way. Weve put people on the moon, sent probes to Mars and Venus, lofted satellites near the sun (within a few tens of millions of miles), and one satellite even left the solar system a few

17、years ago.But visiting the stars is something else again. Light takes four years to reach the nearest stars, so you can see that it would take a satellite hundreds of thousands of years.Of course, if the earth were to become overpopulated, we can imagine sending families in space vessels to colonize

18、 the nearest stars. But its their great-great-great-grandchildren who would finally reach those stars. And they wouldnt even know where to stop.Questions 11-15 are based on Passage One. 11. A space station is a _.A. telescope in orbitB. laboratory in spaceC. celestial objectD. collaboration of labs1

19、2. The writer compares the life on a space station to the one on a deep-sea oil rig in order to show_.A. dull environmentB. excitement in the wildC. hard living conditionsD. the sameness in operation13. In Para.7 the sentence “No new ones are thought to exist” means _.A. nobody believes that any new

20、 galaxy exists nowB. nobody believes that there is any new galaxy to be found soonC. people believe that the galaxies are very old nowD. people are wrong to believe that new galaxies will appear14. Orbital stations provide an ideal condition to observe a galaxy because _.A. we are closer to it in sp

21、aceB. we can go back 10 to 12 billion yearsC. a galaxy appears dimmer in that environment than on earthD. a galaxy appears brighter in that environment than on earth.15. We may draw a conclusion from Para.14 that _.A. human habitation on other stars is a pure imaginationB. even later generations won

22、t know which star to land onC. colonizing other stars is a solution to overpopulationD. reaching other stars by present technology is still unrealisticPassage TwoIn 1998 consumers could purchase virtually anything over the Internet. Books, compact discs, and even stocks were available from World Wid

23、e Websites that seemed to spring up almost daily. A few years earlier, some people had predicted that consumers accustomed to shopping in stores would be reluctant to buy things that they could not see or touch in person. For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their h

24、ome computer was proving to be a convenient alternative to driving to the store.A research estimated that in 1998 US consumers would purchase $7.3 billion of goods over the Internet, double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier, owing to the rise of online auctions and Websites that d

25、id comparison shopping on the Internet for the best deal.For all the consumers interest, retailing in cyberspace was still a largely unprofitable business, however, Internet pioneer Amazon. com, which began selling books in 1995 and later branched into recorded music and videos, posted revenue of $1

26、53.7 million in the third quarter, up from $37.9 million in the same period of 1997. Overall, however, the companys loss widened to $45.2 million from $9.6 million, and analysts did not expect the company to turn a profit until 2001. Despite the great loss, Amazon. Com had a stock market value of ma

27、ny billions, reflecting investors optimism about the future of the industry.Internet retailing appealed to investors because it provided an efficient means for reaching millions of consumers without having the cost of operating conventional stores with their armies of salespeople. Selling online car

28、ried its own risks, however. With so many companies competing for consumers attention, price competition was intense and profit margins were thin or nonexistent. One video retailer sold the hit movie Titanic for $9.99, undercutting the $19.99 suggested retail price and losing about $6 on each copy s

29、old. With Internet retailing still in its initial stage, companies seemed willing to absorb such losses in an attempt to establish a dominant market position.Questions 16-20 are based on Passage Two16. According to the writer, which of the following is true?A. Consumers are reluctant to buy things o

30、n the Internet.B. Consumers are too busy to buy things on the Internet.C. More and more consumers prefer Internet shopping.D. Internet retailing is a profitable business.17. Finding a bargain on the Internet was getting easier partly because _.A. there were more and more online auctions.B. there wer

31、e more and more Internet users.C. the consumers had more money to spend.D. there were more goods available on the Internet18. “For all the consumer interest” (Para. 3) means _.A. to the interest of all the consumersB. for the interest of all the consumersC. all the consumers are much interestedD. though consumers are very much interested19. It can be inferred from the passage that Amazon. com _.A. is making a profit nowB. will probably make a profit in 2001C. is a company that sells books onlyD. suffers a great loss on the stock market20. Investors are interested in Internet ret