高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题1阅读理解考点4词义猜测题素能强化121628.docx

1、高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题1阅读理解考点4词义猜测题素能强化121628词义猜测题真题题组A(2017全国，B)I first met Paul Newman in 1968，when George Roy Hill，the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid，introduced us in New York City. When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me. I d

2、ont know how many people would have done that； they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers. The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference，we both came from a tradi

3、tion of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors： humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each otherbut always with an underlying affection. Those w

4、ere also at the core(核心)of our relationship off the screen. We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have success，you should put something backhe with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill，and me with Sundance and the institute and the festi

5、val. Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly，but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events. I last saw him a few months ago. Hed been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didnt talk about it. Ours w

6、as a relationship that didnt need a lot of words. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了与Paul的相识及与其建立友谊的原因，虽不常见面但是却因共同的信念而保持着友谊。Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first？ _C_APaul Newman wanted it. BThe studio powers didnt like his agent. CHe wasnt famous enough. DThe director recommended someon

7、e else. 解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me”可知，摄影棚起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Paul一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。该题选C项。Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship？ _D_AThey were of the same age. BThey worked in the same theater

8、. CThey were both good actors. DThey have similar characteristics. 解析：考查推理判断。根据文章第二段中的“We were respectful of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors”可知，作者与Paul之所以拥有持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D项符合

9、题意。What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to？ _A_ATheir belief. BTheir care for children. CTheir success. DTheir support for each other. 解析：考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have success，you should put something back”可知，下文的内容是对the belief的解释，that

10、引导同位语从句，解释说明the belief的具体内容。下文提到了我们并不经常见面，但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。What is the authors purpose in writing the text？ _B_ATo show his love of films. BTo remember a friend. CTo introduce a new movie. DTo share his acting experience. 解析：考查写作目的。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”以及最后一段中的“I last

11、 saw him a few months ago”可知，该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友，所以选B项。B(2016全国，B)Five years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle，I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student，and said： “Make something ou

12、t of the Tinkertoys. You have 45minutes todayand 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week. ”A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another

13、group built something out of their own imaginations. Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally

14、 creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students. Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would de

15、clare，“But Im just not creative. ”“Do you dream at night when youre asleep？”“Oh，sure. ”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams. ” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “Thats pretty creative. Who does that for you？

16、”“Nobody. I do it. ”“Reallyat night，when youre asleep？”“Sure. ” “Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者五年前在西雅图教学生们美术时所发生的事情，以及培养学生们的想象力的方法。The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to _A_Aknow more about the studentsBmake the lessons more excitingCraise the students int

17、erest in artDteach the students about toy design解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第一段第一句话的“to find out something about my students”可知，作者使用Tinkertoys是为了弄清楚有关学生们的一些事情。故选A项。What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3？ _D_AHe liked to help his teacher. BHe preferred to study alone. CHe was active in class. DHe w

18、as imaginative. 解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段第四句话“Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work”可知，这个男孩儿非常具有创造性，故选D项。What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ _B_AMistake. BDrawback. CDifficulty. DBurden. 解析：考查词义猜测。根据下文的“I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different st

19、yle of thinking”可知，作者冒着推动那些有不同思维风格的学生的风险。故可知该词的意思为“不足，缺点”，所以选B项。Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams？ _A_ATo help them to see their creativity. BTo find out about their sleeping habits. CTo help them to improve their memory. DTo find out about their ways of thinking. 解析：考查

20、推理判断。根据第四段中的“Without fail one would declare，But Im just not creative. ”，及下文内容可推知，作者问学生们他们是否做梦了是为了让他们看到自己的创造力。故选A项。C(2017江苏，B)Before birth，babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices. They can even distinguish their mothers voice from that of a female stranger. But when it comes to

21、embryonic learning (胎教)，birds could rule_the_roost. As recently reported in The Auk： Ornithological Advances，some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch (孵化). Newborn chicks can then imitate their moms call within a few days of entering the world. This educational method w

22、as first observed in 2012 by Sonia Kleindorfer，a biologist at Flinders University in South Australia，and her colleagues. Female Australian superb fairy wrens were found to repeat one sound over and over again while hatching their eggs. When the eggs were hatched，the baby birds made the similar chirp

23、 to their mothersa sound that served as their regular “feed me！” call. To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds，the researchers sought the redbacked fairy wren，another species of Australian songbird. First they collected sound data from 67 nests in four sites in Queensland bef

24、ore and after hatching. Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the order and number of notes. A computer analysis blindly compared calls produced by mothers and chicks，ranking them by similarity. It turns out that baby redbacked fairy wrens also emerge chirping like their moms. And the more

25、 frequently mothers had called to their eggs，the more similar were the babies begging calls. In addition，the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their moms voice were rewarded with the most food. This observation hints that effective embryo

26、nic learning could signal neurological (神经系统的) strengths of children to parents. An evolutionary inference can then be drawn. “As a parent，do you invest in quality children，or do you invest in children that are in need？” Kleindorfer asks. “Our results suggest that they might be going for quality. ”文

27、章大意：研究发现胎教并非人类独有，一些鸟儿在这方面做得甚至更出色。The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means“ _B_”. Abe the worst Bbe the bestCbe the as bad Dbe just as good解析：考查词义猜测。根据句中的转折词But与下文提到的鸟类在胎教方面做得很出色可知选择B。What are Kleindorfers findings based on？ _A_ASimilarities between the calls of moms and chicks. BThe observation of

28、 fairy wrens across Australia. CThe data collected from Queenslands locals. DControlled experiments on wrens and other birds. 解析：考查细节理解。根据第二、三、四段的内容，尤其是第二段中的“the baby birds made the similar chirp to their mothers”，第三段的最后一句及第四段的第二句可知，Kleindorfer的发现是基于母鸟与幼鸟发出的叫声的相似性的，因此本题答案为A。Embryonic learning helps

29、mother birds to identify the baby birds which _C_. Acan receive quality signals Bare in need of trainingCfit the environment better Dmake the loudest call解析：考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句和最后一段中的“An evolutionary inference can then be drawn”可知，与母鸟的叫声最相似的幼鸟可以得到最多的食物，这也能说明它符合进化论的理论：适者生存，故本题答案为C。D(2016全国，B)On one

30、 of her trips to New York several years ago，Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side caf and within minutes，another customer was approaching their table. “Hey，arent you from Mississippi？” the elegant，whitehaired writer rememb

31、ered being asked by the stranger. “Im from Mississippi too. ”Without a second thought，the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair. “They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said. “I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.

32、 ”Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside. Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel，her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi. “My friend said：Now we