高考英语二轮总复习书面表达资料包.docx

1、高考英语二轮总复习书面表达资料包 高考英语二轮总复习书面表达资料包英语写作的过渡手段归纳众所周知，要写出清晰流畅的文章，需要把段落中各部分巧妙地连接在一起。这样可使文章自然而别致，并能层层展开主题句，完整地表达中心思想。 起连贯作用的过渡词语可以用来连接段落中的各个句子，也可以用来连接文章中的各个段落。下面是在段落中连接句子的例子（段中黑体字为过渡词） To many foreigners, the American word family is confusing. Foreigners often hear an American say My family is coming to vi

2、sit. In this sentence, family means grandparents and perhaps other relatives. However, at other times, the same American might say, Im going to stay home with my family this weekend. In this case, he is talking about his wife and children. This is a much narrower meaning than the first one. Using fa

3、mily in this way makes a foreigner wonder which term really describes an American family. The answer, of course, is that there are two meanings for the word family in the United States - a narrow one and a broad one. And there is another term - immediate family - to describe something in between. 这一

4、段中出现的过渡手法有两种：一种是过渡词或词组，如however, in this case, of course； 另一种是起过渡作用的代词，如this, one. 段与段之间也可以用过渡词连接，比如but可以连接两个为转折关系的段落 2. 过渡词语的分类 常用的过渡词根据意思和作用的不同，可以分为以下十一类： 1) 用以解释的过渡词，比如：now, in addition, for, in this case, furthermore, in fact 1. The problem, in this case, is hard to solve. 2. Furthermore, severa

5、l people telephoned the same night. 2) 表示强调的过渡词，如：certainly, indeed, above all, surely, most important 1. Indeed, a dessert is always enjoyable. 2. Above all, do not build an open fire in a forest. 3) 表示限制的过渡词but, however, although, though, yet, except for 1. Yet there was still a chance that he wou

6、ld win. 2. Except for one girl, all the hikers returned.4) 用以举例的过渡词for example, for instance, thus, such, next 1. For instance, a telegram often costs more than a telephone call. 2. Thus the trip finally began. 5) 表示递进或补充的过渡词in addition，furthermore，also，moreover，yet 1. In addition, the tour stops in

7、 Vancouver. 2. Furthermore, the time for registration has been extended. 6) 表达顺序的过渡词first, second, third, afterward(s)（后来）, meanwhile（几乎同时）, thereafter（在那以后）, last, finally, eventually（终于） 1. First, you mail in an application. Second, you ask for an appointment. Third, you send them three personal r

8、eferences. 2. Then you come to a traffic light and turn right. 7) 用以表示比较的过渡词like, in the same way, similarly, equally important, too 1. In the same way, we look for a good doctor. 2. Similarly, the Thais enjoy spicy foods. 8) 用以表示对比的过渡词unlike, in contrast, whereas, on the other hand, instead 1. In c

9、ontrast, the red fluid does not lose its color. 2. The husband wanted a boy, whereas the wife wanted a girl. 9) 表示让步的过渡词although, nevertheless, of curse, after all, clearly, still, yet 1. He planned, nevertheless, to ask for a promotion. 2. After all, you learn to cook many foods in this job. 10) 用以

10、表述结果的过渡词therefore, as a result, consequently, then，thereby，therefore，thus，hence，accordingly, so, otherwise 1. As a result, she became the princes bride. 2. Consequently, we opened an account at the bank. 11) 用以表示总结的过渡词to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in short，in a word，in the long run，in

11、summary 1. To sum up, Christmas is the most important holiday. 2. In conclusion, a consulate offers more services.上文已经讲过，除了过渡词或词组之外，起过渡作用的还有代词、同义词、连接词和词的重复等。下面分别举例说明。 1. 起过渡作用的代词 例：He asked what that meant. We watched the hikers. They climbed slowly. 以上两句中的深蓝体字分别起句内和句间的过渡作用。 起过渡作用的代词在下面例子中的作用很大，没有它，

12、这段文字就不能成立。 It is the most talked-of subject in town. Every family in the community discusses It half a dozen times a day. You mentioned It to at least one of your friends before you came into the room today. You think about It at least once during every class. Its passage is steady. It touched every

13、one. What isIt? It is Time. 2. 起过渡作用的同义词 同义词用得好，不仅有助于文章的连贯，也增加了文采。例如下文： Community colleges are like the two-year colleges called junior colleges, or j.c.s. Both schools prepare students for four-year colleges. J.c.s offer all the courses most four-year colleges ask their freshmen and sophomores to t

14、ake. Community colleges also give such required courses. But community colleges are also like other institutions called trade schools. Both schools offer technical training. Trade schools give courses in such areas as carpentry, nursing, television repairing, or photography. Community colleges have

15、complete technical courses for students who do not plan to go on to a university.3 重复词起过渡作用 词的重复是常用的连接手法，它可强调你所要表达的意思。按方式，还可进一步分为绝对重复和相对重复。 Gulls, as they soar, are not always searching for food but merely having fun on the wing. A gull flying along the shore is taking advantages of wind current for

16、med when the sea air strikes the warm land and rises. Gulls also love the lower, weaker air currents that form about three feet above the waves. They ride them for hours, tipping from one current to the next. Most people think that gulls ride behind boats for the food. But garbage is only a small pa

17、rt of what they eat. Clams and fish make up most of their diet. The sea gulls follow boats for the tide on the thermal currents the ships create at sea. 上面文章中的黑体字就是通过重复来起承上启下的作用，与同义词类似。4. 平行结构起承上启下的作用 My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others. Dont argue with paren

18、ts; they will think you dont love them. Dont argue with children; they will think themselves victimized. Dont argue with spouses; they will think you are a tiresome mate. Dont argue with strangers; they will think you are not friendly. My mothers rules, in fact, can be summed up in two words. Dont a

19、rgue. 文中的dont argue反复出现，形成平行结构，有助于段落的流畅和连贯。英语写作中的常用句型归纳作文中常用句套： 下文中出现的 A,B, “.”(某事物), sb( somebody), 要在写作中要根据上下文进行适当替换. 开头： When it comes to ., some think . There is a public debate today that . A is a common way of ., but is it a wise one? Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 提出观点： Now

20、 there is a growing awareness that. It is time we explore the truth of . Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible. 进一步提出观点： . but that is only part of the history. Another equally important aspect is . A is but one of the many effects. Another is . Besides, other reasons are. 提出假想例子的方式： Su

21、ppose that. Just imagine what would be like if. It is reasonable to expect. It is not surprising that. 举普通例子： For example(instance),. . such as A,B,C and so on (so forth) A good case in point is. A particular example for this is. 引用： One of the greatest early writers said . Knowledge is power, such

22、is the remard of . . That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise.). . How often we hear such words like there. 讲故事 （先说故事主体），this story is not rare. ., such delimma we often meet in daily life. ., the story still has a realistic significance. 提出原因： There are many reasons for . Why . , for one thing,.

23、The answer to this problem involves many factors. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves . The first reason can be obviously seen. Most people would agree that. Some people may neglect that in fact . Others suggest that. Part of the explanation is . 进行对比： The advantages for A fo

24、r outweigh the disadvantages of. Although A enjoys a distinct advantage . Indeed , A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned. A maybe . , but it suffers from the disadvantage that. 承上启下： To understand the truth of ., it is also important to see. A study of . will make this point clear 让步： C

25、ertainly, B has its own advantages, such as. I do not deny that A has its own merits. 结尾： From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that . In summary, it is wiser . In short. 在作文中引用合适的名言警句，会给你的文章增色许多。这里收集了我本人喜爱的一些名言，可能会对你有用。我们使用引用的位置可以在开头结尾或正文段落中， 常见的使用形式如下： One of the gr

26、eatest early writers said . Knowledge is power, such is the remard of . . That is how sb comment ( criticize/ praise.). . How often we hear such words like there. Useful quotations 逆境 by Robert Collier In every adversity there lies the seed of an equivalent advantage. In every defeat there is a less

27、on showing you how to win the victory next time. 努力与成功 by Ann Landers Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people dont recognize them. 坚持 by Ralph Waldo Emerson No one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves. Confucius 孔子 Our greatest glory is not in never falling.

28、but in rising every time we fall. 坚持 Mother Teresa To keep a lamp burning we have to keep putting oil in it. Henry Ford Nothing is particularly hard if you divide it inuo small jobs. Winston Churchill Never, never, never, never give up. Albert Einstein In uhe middle of difficulty lies opportunity. 努

29、力与成功 by Crassus Those who aim at great deeds must suffer greatly. Thomas Edison There is no substitute for hard work. Leo Tolstoi The strongest of all warriors are these two- Time and Patience. Thomas Jefferson Im a great believer in luck, and I find the harder I work. the more I have of it. Robert

30、Collier Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out. Ray A. Croc Luck is a dividend of sweat. The more you sweat, the luckier you get. 实际经验与间接经验 Youll learn more about a road by traveling it. than by consulting all the maps in the world. 动机与结果 Vince Lombardi Winning isnt everyth

31、ing. but wanting to win is. John F. Kennedy We choose to go!to the moon and other things , oot because they are easy, but because they are hard. Thucydides The strong do what they will. The weak do what they must. 为人态度： John Wooden Talent is God given-Be Humble. Fame is man given- Be Thankful. Conceit is self given -Be Careful. 行动： Theodore Roosevelt Do what you can , with what you have , with where you are. Publilius Syrus Maxim No one kn