100所名校学年辽宁省重点高中协作校高一下学期期末考试英语试题解析版.docx

1、100所名校学年辽宁省重点高中协作校高一下学期期末考试英语试题解析版2017-2018学年辽宁省重点高中协作校高一下学期期末英 语注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解AThe world has lost one of

2、 its brightest stars. British physicist Stephen dies on March 14, at the age of 76.Hawking is probably the worlds most famous scientists after Albert Einstein. He is an expert on black holes. He has devoted his whole life to digging into the beginning (and the end) of the universe. “My goal is simpl

3、e,” Hawking once said. “It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all.”Hawkings achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him form moving or talking. For a period of t

4、ime, he had no way to communicate except by blinking（眨眼）. Later he sat on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moved two fingers to control the computers mouse. He selected his words from the screen, which were then spoken by a voice synthesizer（音响合成器）.“I have had the disease

5、 for most of my life,” Hawking once said. “Yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work.”Though Hawking was a disabled man, he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes for his work during his lifetime. This included winning the Albert Einstein Award, which stands for

6、 the highest achievement in theoretical physics.Despite the fact that hes no longer with us, his legacy will surely live on. As Sajid Javid, a UK government minister, put it, “A brief history on Earth; an eternity in the stars.”1From text we can learn _.A Hawking is more famous than EinsteinB Hawkin

7、g is less famous than EinsteinC Both Hawking and Einstein are very famousD Neither Hawking nor Einstein is famous2What does the underlined pronoun “it” in the second paragraph stand for?A The universe. B The earth.C The goal. D The black hole.3According to the text, which of the following statements

8、 is the fact?A Hawking received many awards and prizes except the Albert Einstein Award.B The illness kept him from moving and talking.C He communicated with others by speaking.D The illness stopped him from being successful.BBelow is a selection from a popular science book.If blood is red, why are

9、veins（静脉）blue?Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish colour. Although blood looks red when its outside the body, when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, its more of a dark reddish purple colour. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect l

10、ess and light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.Which works harder, your heart or your brain?That kind of depends on whether you are busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fi

11、ll a supertanker. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.Do old people shrink as they age?Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they

12、age. But, when they do, it isnt because theyre shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine（脊柱）becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity（重力）. Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3-4 cm in height as the

13、y age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people dont really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they

14、do get shorter, its because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bait and curved.Why does spinning make you dizzy（眩晕的）?Because your brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling. The brain senses that youre spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sen

15、sing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!Where do feelings and emotions come from?Mostly from an ancient part of the

16、 brain called the limbic system. All mammals have this brain area from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the pla

17、net.If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them. And as far as your body is concerned, its use it, or lose it”! Its not that exercise makes you healthy; its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by diseas

18、e.4What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?A Blue. B Light yellow.C Red. D Dark reddish purple.5Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?A Because their spine is in active use.B Because they are more easily affected by gravity.C Because they keep growing b

19、ackwards.D Because their spine becomes more bent.6Which of the following statements about our brain is true?A In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.B When our brain senses the spinning, we will fell dizzy.C The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.D

20、 Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.7What is the main purpose of the selection?A To give advice on how to stay healthy.B To provide information about our body.C To challenge new findings in medical research.D To report the latest discoveries in medical science.C

21、Shine United (Madison, Wisconsin)In the past five years, this Wisconsin-based advertising agency has shared more than $500,000 in profits with its employees through the companys ShineShares program. The agency partnered with the University of Wisconsins oncology department to develop the Ride, a bik

22、ing event that benefits cancer research. Employees also get snacks every day, “Beer Thirty” on Thursdays, and Summer Fridays, a program that lets employees leave at noon.GroundFloor Media (Denver, Colorado)The key for workers at this midsize public relations firm in Denver is that employees work any

23、time, anywhere. Headquarters are in a former warehouse downtown, near Coors Field. The offices are spread around the central space that doubles as a wet bar every Thursday when the companys “bear club” brings in a new brew.Ergodyne (St. Paul, Minnesota)The St. Paul-based company has grown to operati

24、ng out of a retired storehouse with plenty of natural light. Rules about dressing? “Wear something.” Its purpose? To create cool, comfortable, and tough safety workwear for those who need it to get the job done. Ergodyne has around 50 employees, who enjoy hot-dish cook-offs, tickets to sporting even

25、ts, and at least one happy hour every quarter.Southwest Michigan First (Kalamazoo, Michigan)Its family first at this Michigan economic development advising agency. CEO Ron Kitchens says that in the past year, the company has made a push to go green, initially started by the millennial employees who

26、make up half the agencys workforce. A new staff position was created for the purpose of making sure every employee is able to balance working and cheering at their kids sporting events or going fishing.8Whats the purpose of the ShineShares program?A To raise money for a research. B To let employees

27、leave earlier.C To share the companys benefits. D To partner with a local university.9What does Southwest Michigan First encourage their employees to do?A To accompany their families. B To create new staff positions.C To join in cooking competitions. D To enjoy themselves in sporting events.10Which

28、company allows its staff a flexible working time?A Shine United. B GroundFloor Media.C Southwest Michigan First. D Ergodyne.11What do the four companies mentioned in the text have in common?A They offer employees financial support.B They care about employees happiness.C They have strict rules about

29、dressing.D They have training programs.DTraffic jam and cities, it seems go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic, but, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. In particular, traffic engineers, transportation planners, and public officials responsible for tran

30、sportation systems in large cities are frequently criticized for failing to solve traffic jam.But is traffic jam a sign of failure? Long lines at restaurants or theaters box offices are seen as signs of success. Should transportation systems be viewed any differently? I think we should recognize tha

31、t traffic jam is an unpreventable by-product of successful cities and view the “traffic problem” in a different light.Traffic jam occurs where there are lots of people but limited spaces. Culturally and economically successful cities have the worst traffic problems, while decaying cities dont have m

32、uch traffic. New York and Los Angeles are Americas most crowded cities. But if you want access to major brokerage houses（经济行）, you will find them easier to reach in crowded New York than in any other large cities. And if your company needs access to post-production film editors or satellite-guidance engineers, you will reach them more quickly through the crowded freeways of L