学位英语考试阅读指导.docx

1、学位英语考试阅读指导2010年学位英语考试阅读指导（一）Exercise It was mostly he who talked and he seemed afraid to stop for fear shed ask him to leave her by herself.An example of a verbal subtest would be vocabulary, whereas an example of a performance subtest would be picture arrangement, the latter requiring an examinee t

2、o arrange a set of pictures into a sequence so that they tell a comprehensible story.A body at rest will remain at rest and a body in motion remain in motion at a constant speed in a straight line, unless acted upon by an external force.要点分析和参考译文要点：这是一个由and 连接的并列复合句。And前面的句子是强调句，强调的成分是he.It仅位先行代词，没有

3、意义。Mostly 用作副词，意为“多半”。 For fear（that）= in order thatshould not happen意为“生怕，以免”。例如：I darent tell you what he did , for fear that he should be angry with me.（我不敢将他的事告诉你，怕他因此对我发脾气）。To leave her by herself相当于to leave her alone.参考译文：大部分时间都是他在讲话。他似乎害怕停下来，生怕话一停，她就会请他离开要点：本句由whereas 连接在一起的两个分句并列而成。“the latt

4、er requiring an examinee to arrange a set of pictures into a sequence so that they tell a comprehensible story.”是现在分词独立主格结构；“the latter”是现在分词“ requiring”的逻辑主语：“the latter”指的是“ an example of a performance subtest” .“ so that they tell a comprehensible story” 是“so that” 引导的目的状语从句；其中主语“they”指的是：“a set

5、of pictures”参考译文：口头语言测试的一个实例是测验词汇能力，而行为表现测试的实例是测验排列图画能力。后者要求受测试者把一组图画排序，这个次序应该能够表达一个可以理解的故事。要点：这是一个并列复合句。And 连接两个句子，构成并列句。Unless 是连词，连接下一个子句，做前面两个主句的状语从句。Unless 后面省略了it is.At rest和in motion 是两个介词短语，分别作body的定语，意思为“处于静止状态”和“处于运动状态中”参考译文：除非受到外力作用，静止的物体将继续保持静止，运动的物体将继续作匀速直线运动。（二）Exercise It is important

6、 that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker reestablishes eye contact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation.And the limited investments that are m

7、ade in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.One can only guess that if he heard many of them he was only strengthened in his resolve not to

8、allow himself and his bride to be made a spectacle not their live selves or their bodies要点分析和参考译文要点：基本句型 “ It is important that” ，that 主语从句的谓语为虚拟语气（be）。 Eitheror 连接语法上相同的两部分：will pause和 will terminate。参考译文：重要的是当说话者的目光重新停留在听众脸上的一瞬间，听众一定得看着他（她），如果没看，说话者就会认为听众不感兴趣，那么就会停下来等听众的目光重新回到他（她）的脸上或者终止谈话。要点：rath

9、er than意为“而不”。其前后在语法上为相同的成分。此处为两个结构相同的介词短语on the specific skills和on the basic background skills。参考译文：培训工人的有限投资应重点地集中使用于完成下一个工作所必需的特殊技能的培训上，而不是用在能让他们吸收新技术的基本技能的培训上。PS: 这是书上的译文，但有同学提出异议，那豆豆在仔细看了一下，觉得同学说的是很有道理的，此处没有应当的含义。豆豆也觉得翻成：培训工人的有限投资更多地被狭隘的集中使用于完成下一个工作所必需的特殊技能的培训上，而不是用在能让他们吸收新技术的基本技能的培训上。仅为个人观点，供大

10、家参考。要点：not or 结构相当于 neither nor 结构参考译文：人们只能猜测，如果他听到了很多有关的情况，这只能坚定他的决心：不能让他和他新娘成为展品而丢人现眼活着的时候不可以，死了也不行。（三）Exercise The suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of the many doctors who are scrupulously honest with their patients; it contributes to the spiral of lawsuits and of “defensive medicine”, and

11、thus it injures, in turn , the entire medical profession.Rugby is generally a much tougher game than football and for a long time has had upper class associations, as until recently it was generally only played in public schools, not in state schools.Western manners do not require one to say anythin

12、g that is untrue, but it is best to avoid being too frank about things which would make people feel uneasyunless by doing so you feel some good might come of it.要点分析和参考译文要点：本句是有分号及连词and 引导的并列复合句。分句一种包含有关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰doctors.分句二中代词it指“the suspicion of deceit”，动词短语contributes to意为“to help in causin

13、g a situation”，分句三中，代词it指前文所述情况，介词短语in turn意为“afterwards”参考译文：由于病人怀疑存在欺骗行为，使许多对病人十分诚实的医生的工作也因此受到影响，并使医疗诉讼案和“防御性诊治”增多，而这些反过来又对整个医疗事业造成损害。要点：全句为主从复合句，“as”引出原因状语从句，修饰“ and for a long time （rugby） has had upper class associations”。主句部分Rugby is generallyclass associations，是带有并列谓语“is”和“has had”的句子。参考译文：橄榄

14、球赛一般比足球赛更加激烈，并且长时间以来一直是高年级学生参与的比赛，也因此直到最近比赛一般仍然仅仅在公立学校而不在州立学校举行。要点：全句为并列复合句。连词“but”连接两个并列句。在第二个分句中“ it is best to avoid being too frank” 中的“it”是形式主语，实际主语是不定式“ to avoid being too frank”。动词“avoid”后面应接动名词作宾语。“ which would make people feel uneasy”作“thing”的定语。在破折号后面“ unless by doing so you feel some good

15、 might come of it”作让步状语从句。“good”是名词，作“feel”的宾语从句“some good might come of it”中的主语。“it”指“by doing so”所包含的前面提到的为避免重复而未具体说出的内容。参考译文：西方的行为方式并不要求人们去讲假话，但是最好要避免过于直率地谈论那些使人尴尬的事情除非你认为这么做可能会有益处。（四）Exercise Human beings have distinguished themselves from other animals, and in doing so ensured their survival, b

16、y the ability to observe and understand their environment and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs.These expenses , however, usually involve the rent of a small office , expenses for stationary, and possibly , the salary of a secretary.He must assume

17、 that you have lived in the tropics , have never seen a coat worn or put on, and that he is to tell you verbally how to do it.要点分析和参考译文要点：此句为一个多层次的并列结构，“by” 以前的部分为句子的主体部分，由“and”连接的两个并列的分句组成。第二个分句的主语和一部分谓语省略了以避免重复。In doing so可以理解为in the process of distinguished themselves from other animals.第二个分局的完整句

18、子应为and in doing so （they have） ensured their survival.By 所引导的短语里ability带了多个动词不定式做修饰，这些不定式又存在着一个并列的结构，to observe and （to）understand与eitheror引导的to adapt to，to control and （to） adapt it得并列，and连接。参考译文：人类已把自己和其他动物区别开了。人类具有观察和了解周围环境的能力，能适应环境，控制环境和根据自己的需要改造环境。人类就是这样生存了下来。要点：在谓语动词involve 后面是由三个平行的名词短语构成的宾语：

19、he rent of a small office , expenses for stationary, the salary of a secretary.副词however及possibly 为插入语。参考译文：然而，这些费用通常包括租赁一间小小的办公室和办公用品的支出，或许还要包括秘书的工资。要点：本句中, that 引导的宾语从句共有三个，have never seen，是一个省去了引导词that及主语you的宾语从句；过去分词worn or put on作宾语coat的补语。参考译文：他肯定以为，你一直居住在热带从来没有见过穿在身上的外衣或怎样穿外衣，故而他要告诉你如何穿外衣。（五）

20、Exercise We know that this is so, but all too often we recognize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more.people think of cowboys as free people, unafraid to battle with wild animals, living close to nature, with the trees and t

21、he sky and the stars.Clearly , science may involve not only careful observation but also a willingness to be creative; this may entail looking beyond existing paradigms governing research in a given area of study.要点分析和参考译文要点：此句又两个并列结构存在，一个使全局的主干结构，即由but连接的两个分句we know，but all too often we recognize；另

22、一个是glance 后面跟着由and连接的两个并列的状语从句。这两个状语从句在实践上存在着先后顺序，在结构上是一个对偶句，而且第二个状语从句得主语省略，即when we remember what it was and then suddenly （we） realize that it is no more参考译文：我们大家都知道这是实际情况。可我们却常常只是再回首往事想起它当时的情景时才认识到，并且此时我们会突然发现它已不复存在了。要点：句中谓语动词为一短语think of as, 后接名词短语 free people及形容词短语unafraid to battle with wild a

23、nimals并列作cowboys的宾语补足语。分词短语living及介词短语with the trees 做伴随及方式状语。参考译文：人们把牛仔看成是自由自在的人，毫不惧怕与野兽搏斗，在大自然的怀抱中生活，与树木，天空及星斗共存。要点：此句是由;号链接在一起的两个独立的句子，是一个并列的结构。第二个分句的主语this 指的应该是前面的整个句子的含义，否则会出现理解上的偏差。Existing paradigms 是介词beyond 的宾语，而governing research 是paradigms的定语。参考译文：可见，科学包括的不仅是仔细观察，而且还包括乐于去创新，这就必须要超越那些支配着某

24、一特定学科的现有的研究规范。山东省成学士学位英语考试样题与答案题注：山东省成人学士学位英语考试2010年5月30日上午9时至11时30分开考，在公布考试成绩。】Part I Reading Comprehension(35 minutes,40 points) Directions: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices ma

25、rked A),B),C) and D). After you read a passage you should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. A fire drill is, to put it mildly, an inconvenient ex

26、ercise at the best of times. A fire drill at 2:00 in the morning in terrible weather conditions, like the one we had on Thursday night and Friday morning last, is incomparably more inconvenient. This is why writing this note to thank you all most sincerely for your excellent co-operation and the spi

27、rit with which you endured the inconvenience. A fire drill is not an idle exercise. It is an extremely serious one and can, in fact, save lives in the long run. Last week fire drill has already reyealed a number of important things regarding fire precautions in the Hall. For instance, there seem to

28、exit a number of “deaf spots” in the Hall, namely, the two rooms in Purser House and some rooms in the Bottom corridor. I have no reason to doubt that residents from these areas could not hear the alarm. I shall request an immediate examination of this problem. I should, also, remind you that it is

29、a requirement that fire drills should be regularly carried out (at least two in every one year)and each resident should be made fully aware of this and obliged to take part. All residents must take fire precautions with the seriousness they deserve. Failure to do so can result bin fines and expulsio

30、n(驱逐)from the Hall. Thank you again for your co-operation. 1. The last fire drill caused much more inconvenience because_. A) it was in bad weather B) there were “deaf spots” C) a big fire started D) it was at the weekend 2. The phrase “in the long run”(L.2,Part.2)means_. A)effectively B) endlessly

31、C) eventually D) efficiently 3. Some people did not make their appearance at the last drill because_. A) they were deaf B)they could not hear the alarm C) nobody waked them up D) they refused to leave their rooms 4. Afire drill is extremely important according to the writer for_. A) it is a good physical exercise B) it cultivates peoples endurance C) it is a legal requirement D) it can save lives in case of a fire 5. Which of the following was NOT stated by the author? A) A fire drill is very important and useful. B) The last fire drill received inactive co-operation from the residents.