版高三英语译林版一轮第2部分 专题七 定语从句.docx

1、版高三英语译林版一轮第2部分 专题七 定语从句专题七定语从句全国卷考情分析 题型分类典题试做命题解读语法填空1(2017年全国卷)Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both，which is not good for the health.2(2017年全国卷)But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.1关系代词的基本用法；2关系副词的基本用法；3(

2、2016年全国卷)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s，when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.3考查“介词关系代词”的用法。短文改错1(2017年全国卷) In their spare time，they are interested in planting

3、vegetables in their garden，thatwhich is on the rooftop of their house.2(2017年全国卷) Around me in the picture are the things theythat/which were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.1关系代词与关系副词的错用；2that与which的错用；3关系代词或关系副词的缺失。 (对应学生用书第234页)关系代词引导的定语从句先试做题组.单句语法填空

4、1(2016年四川高考)“I prefer to work in black and white，which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”2(2015年江苏高考)The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.单句改错(2017年天津高考)My eldest son，who work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment

5、.whowhose再解读考点关系代词先行词在从句中的作用who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语、状语whose人或物定语as人或物主语、宾语、表语关系代词that和which的用法区别只用that的情况先行词是all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing等不定代词时先行词被the only，the very，the same，all等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时先行词既有人又有物时只用which的情况引导非限制性定语从句时关系代词指物，且前有介词时关系代词as和wh

6、ich的区别as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如，正像”。从句的谓语动词多为see，know，expect，say，mention，report等which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系(2017年北京高考)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。(2016年北京高考

7、)I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造噪音。(2015年福建高考)China Today attracts a worldwide readership，which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.今日中国有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。(全国卷)“You cant judge a book by its co

8、ver，” as the old saying goes.正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。易错警示as用在限制性定语从句中时，先行词必须有such，so，as或the same等修饰，且as在从句中作宾语时不能省略。关系副词引导的定语从句先试做题组.单句语法填空1(2015年陕西高考)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.2(2015年天津高考)The boss of the company is tryi

9、ng to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.单句改错(2017年鹰潭二模)The police must give the suspect the reasons that they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law.thatwhy 【导学号：31670170】再解读要点关系副词先行词在从句中的作用when时间名词时间状语where地点名词或抽象名词(situation，point，activity，case，stage等)

10、地点状语whythe reason原因状语(2016年天津高考)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better.我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。(福建高考)Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。Do you know the rea

11、son why he didnt attend the meeting yesterday? 你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句先试做题组.单句语法填空1(浙江高考)The children，all of whom had played the whole day long，were worn out.2Nowadays，it is common to see people staring at their mobile phones instead of reading a real book，about which many experts are worrie

12、d.单句改错There were a lot of students in the reading room，most of them bent their heads down over their books.themwhom再解读要点1“介词关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。(2015年安徽高考)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。(全国大纲卷)September

13、30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。2“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级ofwhich/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。(2016年浙江高考)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。(2016年江苏高考)Many young people，most o

14、f whom were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。3在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the名词of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the名词of whom”。(江苏高考)The newlybuilt caf，the walls of which (whose walls) are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us，especially

15、after hard work.这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。技法点拨定语从句与语法填空定语从句与短文改错(1)解答此类考题，关键是找准先行词，分析句子结构，根据从句所缺的成分确定关系词的使用。如果缺少主、宾、表或定语，需用关系代词；如果缺少状语，则用关系副词或关系代词that。确定所缺成分之后，再看先行词是人还是物，是表示时间的名词还是表示地点的名词，是reason还是way等，从而最后确定答案。1.首先识别该句是否为定语从句，然后根据先行词的性质，判断关系词的使用是否正确或缺失，并予以改正或添加。2根据关系词在定语从句中所作的成分

16、来判断关系词的使用是否正确。作主、宾、表语用which/that/who/whom/as；作定语用whose；作状语用when/where/why/that；作介词宾语用which/whom。(2)若先行词指人，“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中关系代词用whom，若指物，则用which。(3)牢记that与which, as与which的区别。3判断定语从句是非限制性定语从句还是限制性定语从句，从而判断句中关系词的使用是否正确。(对应学生用书第236页)核心考点针对练.单句语法填空1(2017年江苏高考) In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program

17、me，one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.2(2017年滕州5月模拟)She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would say to her with a smile，“Madam，this is your lucky day.Everything in your basket is free.”3(2017年大同质量检测)The city was attacked by such terrible weather as few citi

18、zens had ever experienced before.4(2017年吉林省实验中学模拟)There they met people from other parts of the country，who had also volunteered to help.5(2017年四川绵阳诊断)Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.6(2017年启东中学月考)The house，whose door often stays open until late a

19、t night，works as a home for the guards，some of whom are from the countryside.7She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction of which had taken more than three years.8(2017年山东省实验中学二模)Lily took a few friends to my birthday party，none of whom I was familiar with.9(2017年北京西城一模)The artist wa

20、s very proud of his creation and called it the best painting that he had ever done.10(2017年海淀一模)The App WeChat provides a networking platform where communication is faster and easier.单句改错1(2017年广西高三联考)We all like our English teacher，from him we have learned a lot.himwhom2Her performances on the stag

21、e were perfect，that made a lot of people admire her.thatwhich3There are three people in my family and Im an only child，who is very common in Chinese families.whowhich4At the request of some English learners，he has published a lot of books，one of that is about English idioms.thatwhich5(2017年河北保定唐山联考)

22、This weekend，I will go to Peters house，which a party is to be held，to celebrate Christmas with his family.whichwhere或在which前加in.语法与写作1这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen2她给我看了她花了很多钱买的那本字典。(介词关系代词)She showed me the dictionary for which she paid a l

23、ot of money3我仍然记得我第一次到这个学校的那一天。I still remember the day when I first came to the school4约翰通过了考试，这使他的父母很高兴。John passed the exam，which made his parents very happy5众所周知，全球变暖已经引发了很多自然灾害。As is known to all，global warming has caused a lot of natural disasters.高考题型综合练.语法填空(2017年四川成都市第一次诊断性检测)Over 2，200 yea

24、rs ago，Chengdu was threatened by frequent floods.Li Bing，together with his son，decided to construct an irrigation system on the Minjiang River 1 (prevent) flooding. 2 having a long study and a lot of hard work by the local people，the great Dujiangyan Irrigation System was completed.Since then，the Ch

25、engdu Plain 3 (be) free of flooding and the people have been living peacefully and wealthily.It is the 4 (old) and only surviving nondam irrigation system in the world.It is also 5 wonder in the development of Chinese science.The project consists of three important parts，namely Yuzui，Feishayan and B

26、aopingkou，which were 6 (scientific) designed to control the water flow of the rivers throughout the year.There is a glorious bridge called the Anlan Cable Bridge crossing the Minjiang River above Yuzui， 7 you can clearly see the entire system.The great 8 (construct) originally started before the Son

27、g Dynasty.At that time，the body of the bridge was constructed with wooden blocks and the handrails(扶手)were made of bamboo.Recently the wood and bamboo have been replaced with steel and concrete to guarantee the security of 9 (visitor) from home and abroad.Seen from afar，the bridge looks like a rainb

28、ow 10 (hang)over the river.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了成都都江堰水利工程的建造过程、世界地位、历史价值以及该工程的现状。1to prevent考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，李冰和他的儿子在岷江设计灌溉系统的目的是阻止洪水在成都泛滥，故此处应用动词不定式表示目的。2After考查介词。在经过长期调研和地方群众的艰苦工作之后，都江堰水利工程完工。after意为“在之后”，符合语境。3has been考查时态。句意：从那时起，成都平原不再受洪水侵扰，人们过着和平、富裕的生活。根据该句中的“Since then”及“have been”可知，该句应用现在完成时。4o

29、ldest考查形容词最高级。根据该句中的the和“in the world”可知，都江堰水利工程是世界上现存最古老的无坝水利工程，故用最高级。5a考查不定冠词。句意：它也是中国科学发展历史上的一个奇迹。这里泛指“一个奇迹”，故用不定冠词。6scientifically考查副词。空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。7where考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。8construction考查名词。根据空前的形容词“great”可以判断，空处被形容词修饰，故用名词形式。9visitors考查名词复数。这里指“保证国内外游客的安全”

30、，故用名词的复数形式。10hanging考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，这座桥就像是悬挂在江上方的彩虹。空处与rainbow存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。.短文改错(2017年安徽师大附中、马鞍山二中阶段性测试)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

31、This morning，I got an email from the library.It said the book I reserved was ready to be picking up.Because I had always been waiting to read it，so at that moment I was very exciting.Outside the library，I saw the man driving around the small parking lot，try to find a parking space.He head for the disabled parking space，the only one that was free.He got off his car with a pile of library bo