英语阅读理解专项及解析.docx

1、英语阅读理解专项及解析英语阅读理解专项及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Bamboo is one of the worlds most useful plants. For thousands of years, bamboo has been used in many different ways-from food to medicine to clothing and, in small ways, as a building material. However, bamboo is not often used as a building material in the deve

2、loped world. A professor at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania is trying to change that. The professor and his students are testing the strength of bamboo.They are testing how much pressure or weight it can take before breaking. Kent Harries is a professor at the University of Pittsburgh.

3、Harries says that testing methods for bamboo need to be the same for all. They need to be standardized. Standardizing test methods for bamboo will help to bring the plant into common use. It will also give engineers and builders around the world a dependable standard. Harries says that bamboo is str

4、ong in nature. The strength of at least three species of bamboo is similar to steel.Besides its strength, bamboo has other features that make it very useful in building. He says it is resilient(有弹力的), meaning it keeps its shape and strength even under pressure. Bamboo also grows quickly. Bamboo that

5、 is suitable for construction needs much less resources than wood. The harvest cycle of bamboo is about 3 years. Softwoods such as cedar, pine and spruce have a harvest cycle of about 10 years. And hardwoods that come from flowering plants such as oak and walnut need more than 30 years. Bamboo is wi

6、dely used as food for panda bears. It is also used for flooring and window covers. However, for building, bamboo is not used much outside its native growing area. This is mostly because of its round shape. But there are other reasons too. People think - or have the mentality-that bamboo is a low qua

7、lity building material.（1）What is the author mainly talking about in the passage? A.Make bamboo a common building material.B.Take advantage of bamboo in our everyday.C.Consider bamboo to be a common plant.D.Use bamboo to replace building materials.（2）What is the purpose of what Kent Harries and his

8、students did? A.To prove what is the most useful plant.B.To introduce bamboo to the developed world.C.To give engineers and builders some advice.D.To make sure of the strength of bamboo.（3）What does Harries think of bamboo in the passage? A.Harries sees bamboo as a great building material.B.Harries

9、thinks bamboo is as strong as steel.C.Harries sees bamboo as the most ideal Plant.D.Harries thinks bamboo has the reliable shape.（4）What can be inferred from the passage? A.Bamboo is an environmentally friendly building material.B.Bamboo material will go to the market in the soon future.C.Hardwoods

10、are much more popular than softwoods.D.Bamboo grows not only faster but takes up less space.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竹子是世界上最有用的植物之一。几千年来，竹子被广泛地应用于各个方面，然而，在发达国家，竹子并没有经常地被应用于建筑领域。Kent Harries 教授试图改变这一点。他和他的学生们测试了竹子的受压力量。Kent Harries 教授认为是一种很好的建筑材料。(1)考查主旨大意。本文讲述了Kent Harries和他的学生所做的实验，

11、实验的目的是测试竹子能否当作建筑材料来使用。故选A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ The professor and his students are testing the strength of bamboo”可知，教授和他的学生做实验的目的是测试竹子的承受力，故选D。(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段可知，Kent Harries认为竹子结实、有弹力、能承受压力，是有用的建筑材料，由此可知他的观点是竹子是种很好的建筑材料。故选A。(4)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段可知，竹子长得很快，其生长为三年，而针叶木材则需10年，阔叶树时间更长，由此可知，竹子是种很环保的建筑材料。故选A。【点评

12、】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Paying a higher price than usual for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the annoyance of many a cinema-goers life. But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the bra

13、in and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests. The research found that people who watched a movie in 3D improved cognitive (认知) skills, compared to those who watched it in 2D. The research was led by neuroscientist(神经学家) Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in

14、 London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero 6 in either standard format or RealD 3D. They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a section from the film. The test covered memory, reaction times and cognitive

15、 function and the results were compared later. According to the research, which was carried out in partnership with science group Thrill Laboratory, participants experienced a 23 percent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction times. Dr Fagan said that the res

16、ults showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain power in the future. These findings are more significant than you might think, he said. It is a fact that people are living longer and there is a noticeable decline in cognitive brain funct

17、ion in old age which can worsen future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain function. The initial results of this study show that 3D films may potentially play a role in slowing this decline. A second part of the experiment involved those watching the

18、film being fitted with headsets that scanned brain activity and this too showed heightened (加强的) activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-lifesomething

19、 Professor Brendan Walker from Thrill Laboratory agreed with. As Professor Brendan Walkers test concluded, 3D films are more attractive and heighten the senses this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds, Dr Fagan said. （1）According to the research, people watching a movie in 3D _. A.have a

20、 good exercise for their brainB.lose their short memory of its plotsC.are willing to pay a high price for ticketsD.react the same way as those watching it in 2D（2）What can be learned from the research? A.Watching 2D films limits brain function.B.3D would be a contributing factor in improving brain p

21、ower.C.The test was carried out after the whole film was viewed.D.The participants took the brain-training-style test once.（3）Paragraph 8 is mainly about _. A.the application of 3DB.the disadvantages of 2D filmsC.the change in brain functionD.the significance of the study（4）The text is most likely t

22、o appear in _. A.a sports newspaperB.a biology textbookC.a science magazineD.a film review【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文介绍3D电影对人的大脑的益处。( 1 )细节理解题。根据第二段as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests. 可知，看3D电影能锻炼大脑。故选A

23、。( 2 )推理判断题。根据第二段But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.可知，3D电影是一个促进大脑力量的因素。故选B。( 3 )段落大意题。根据第八段第一句These findings are more significant than you might think（这些发现比你想象的更重要）

24、可知，选D。( 4 )推理判断题。3D电影是高科技产品，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选C。3阅读理解 Oh my God, the robots are taking over! Were doomed! Doomed! Now that Ive gotten that out of my system, its become clear that while we may or may not be doomed, the robots are taking over. The latest example is the governments new guidelines fo

25、r self-driving cars. Tesla, Google and Uber are already testing driverless cars in cities across America. Uber chief executive Travis Kalanick is among those predicting that by 2021, self-driving cars will play a big part in urban settings. Nearly 40,000 people died last year in this nation in autom

26、obile-related accidents, and we believes driverless cars can save tens of thousands of lives annually. Makes sense. Robot drivers are less likely to get drunk, drive without a license, text while driving or feel agitated at the scene of a pileup. On the other hand, I wonder how these highly sensitiv

27、e cars will react, with walkers constantly dashing into the street. Will they jam on the brakes every 10 seconds? But theres a bigger picture. Not only are robots replacing humans behind the wheel, but behind the work desk, in warehouses, senior homes, you name it. Robots arent just taking over in t

28、he workplace. The question is, where cant a robot function better than a human? How about writing songs? A robot can go through every combination of notes in record time and come up with a pleasing melody. The lyrics might be a different story. Is a Grammy-winning song co-written by Hank Human and R

29、-3071 in our future? Finally, its only a matter of time until we have robot politicians and presidential candidates. Why not? They can be programmed to be experts in world and domestic affairs and come up with the best solutions without corruption and bad humors. Actually, its too bad such technolog

30、y isnt available in 2016. Pretty sure the robot would win in a landslide. （1）What does the underlined word “agitated” mean? A.TiredB.CautiousC.CarefulD.Anxious（2）What doubt does the writer have about self-driving cars? A.How passengers behave in it.B.How robot drivers get the license.C.How they avoi

31、d crashing into other car.D.How they respond to walkers on a busy street.（3）The last questions asked in the sixth paragraph reflects the writers _. A.confidence in robots, winning Grammy AwardsB.eagerness to listen to songs written by robotsC.doubt about robots ability to write songsD.curiosity abou