职称英语考试《卫生类》每日一练精选及答案053060.docx

1、职称英语考试卫生类每日一练精选及答案053060职称英语考试卫生类每日一练精选及答案0530-601、Youth Emancipation in SpainThe Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.Around 55 percent of people aged 18 34 in Spain still sleep in their par

2、ents home, says the latest report from the countrys state - run Institute of Youth.To coax (劝诱) young people from their homes, the Institute started a Youth Emancipation(解放) programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs.Economists blame young peoples family dependence

3、 on the precarious (不稳定的) labour market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17 percent a year since 2000.Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists (社会学家). Family ties in south Europe (Italy, Portugal and Greece) are stronger than those in middle and north

4、 Europe, said Spanish sociologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth: Key for Understanding.In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized, said Minguez.In Spain, especially in the

5、 countryside, it is not uncommon to find entire groups of aunts, uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews (外甥侄子) all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner.Parents tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late - night partying and are wary of setting bedtime r

6、ules.A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain hell put up a fight and call the father a fascist, said Jose Antonio Gomez Yanez, a sociologist at Carlos Ill University in Madrid.Mothers willingness to do childrens household chores (家务) worsens the problem. Dionisio Masso

7、, a 60 - year - old in Madrid, has three children in their 20s, The eldest 28, has a girlfriend and a job. But life with mum is good.His mum does the wash and cooks for him, in the end, he lives well, Masso said.The phrase wary of in paragraph 8 could be best replaced by _.【单选题】A.tired ofB.afraid of

8、C.worried aboutD.cautious about正确答案:D答案解析:本题是词义题，难度不大，第八段谈到，西班牙的父母可以接受孩子们的深夜聚会，小心翼翼地制定睡觉时间，D是“小心谨慎”，答案是D。2、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parents first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or sofa

9、on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study Nurse, I want my mummy!

10、published in 1974, changed the face paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.Pamelas study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psycholo

11、gy as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in _.The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (无法安慰的) for hours. Yet the nurse noticed that if m

12、um did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back.To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn

13、 said parents should be allowed to visit.Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的).Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward.As a resul

14、t of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents and childrens experience of care. 【单选题】A.hospitalB.familyC.groupD.school正确答案:A答案解析:本题难度不大，考查词义辨析，干扰项干扰不大

15、，可以先看选项得到信息提示。文章此处是说“允许父母去探望他们在医院的孩子”，答案是A。3、Nurse ! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parents first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep overnight with their child, providing a bed or so far on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only

16、frowned upon, it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children were _ when their parents left, and so there was a blanket ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study Nurse! I want my mummy published in 1974 , changed the face of paediatric nursing.Martin Johnson, a pr

17、ofessor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.Pamelas study was done against the background of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the

18、 degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital. The idea was that if mum came to visit a small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable for hours. Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they mi

19、ght be depressed. Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was eve coming back. To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit. But children were alone and depressed so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit. Dr Peter Carter, chief executive and g

20、eneral secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal. Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward. As a result of her work, parents and careers are now recognized as partners and are afforded th

21、e opportunity to stay with their children whilst they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents and childrens experience of care. 【单选题】A.hungryB.upsetC.surprisedD.happy正确答案:B答案解析:医院担心父母一离开，孩子会十分不安(upset)，所以干脆不让父母和孩子见面。4、 Happiness If your sense of well-being fluctuates with stock

22、 market, you might be comforted to know that money cant buy you happiness anyway. In one American study conducted in 1993, level of income was shown to have an inverse relation to happiness: The group whose income had declined was happier overall than the group whose income had increased. A soon-to-

23、be published review of the hundreds of studies on this subject supports the 1993 findings. In developed countries, the correlation between income and happiness is close to zero and sometimes negative. With a correlation between level of income and happiness somewhere between 0.12 and 0.18, the Unite

24、d States is near the bottom of the list; that factors other than income are overwhelmingly more important in explaining happiness. Also, as our material wealth increases, the gap between income and satisfaction with life seems to be widening. Predictably, money has its most positive effect on the po

25、or, but once a person has achieved a minimal standard of living level of income has almost nothing to do with happiness. Close relationship, rather than money, is the key to happiness. Indeed, the number of ones personal friends is a much better indicator of overall satisfaction with life than perso

26、nal wealth. One stands a better chance of achieving a satisfying life by spending time with friends and family than by striving for higher income. Incidentally, in the US, as people become richer, the probability of divorce increases. Our need for companionship is partly biological. All primates res

27、pond with pleasure to demonstrations of affection and with pain to loss of companionship. Isolated monkeys will sacrifice food just for the glimpses of another monkey. By ignoring our biologically programmed need for each other, we risk physical and mental distress. A recent cross-national study of

28、mental depression in the US found that in advanced countries, there is a rising tide of major depression. Teenage suicides have increased in recent decades in almost all advanced countries. Moreover, in the US since World War , there has been an actual decline in the proportion of people who report

29、themselves to be very unhappy. You can easily test the claim that companionship exceeds wealth as a source of happiness. Ask yourself which has a greater influence on your satisfaction with life: your income or the affection of your intimate companions and the well-being of your children? Conversely

30、, which would make you more depressed: a reduction in salary or a divorce and isolation from your friends? Capitalism succeeds in creating material riches, but it is less successful in building companionable societies and protecting family integrity. But developing countries still have much work to

31、do in pursuing material wealth, where a rise in productivity still greatly increases happiness. For poorer countries, the time is not yet ripe for a shift in priorities from wealth accumulation to companionship. Can we afford to believe that the pursuit of material gain will lead to self-fulfillment

32、? We should continue to enjoy our wealth in good company, or else we may find that it is not satisfying. Which of the following statements best describes the situation in the US, according to the 1993 study? 【单选题】A.Most people think personal wealth can make them happy.B.Most people do not think wealth has much to do with happiness.C.Money is an important factor in making one happy.D.Happiness can only be explained in terms of income.