专八改错.docx

1、专八改错Successful aging is a psychological feat. Fear for _1_death, for example, may sometimes oppress you.even when this is successfully overcome, there is stillsomething for you to deal with-loneliness. Lonelinesscan speed your demise no matter conscientiously _2_you care for your body. “We go throug

2、h life surroundedby protective convoys of others,” says RobertKahn, a psychologist of the University of Michiganwho studied the health effects of companionship. “People _3_who manage to maintain a network of social support dobest.” One study of elderly heart-attack patientsfound that those with two

3、or more close associations _4_enjoyed twice the one-year survival rate of those whowere completely alone.Companionship aside, healthy oldsters seem toshare a knack for managing stress, poison that contributes _5_measurably to heart disease, cancer and accidents.Researchers have also been kinked succ

4、essful aging _6_to mental stimulation. An idle brain will deterioratejust as sure as an unused leg, notes Dr. Gene Cohen, _7_Head of the gerontology center at George WashingtonUniversity. But just as exercise can prevent muscle _8_atrophy, mental challenges seem to preserve boththe mind and the immu

5、ne system. But what mostimpresses researchers who study the oldest old ishis simple drive and resilience. “People who reach 100 _9_are not quitters,” says Adler of the National CentenarianAwareness Project. “They share a remarkable ability torenegotiate life in every turn, to accept the inevitable l

6、osses _10_And move on.”参考答案及解析:1.把for改为of与fear搭配的介词通常是of，表示对的恐惧。2.在no matter后面加上how3.在studied前面加上has本文的基调是一般现在时，此句的主语也是现在时，定语从句介绍Roberts做过的研究项目，所以用现在完成时比较合适。4.把associations改为associates本句的意思是：一项对高龄心脏病人的研究发现，有两个或者两个以上亲密伙伴陪同的病人在一年危险期的幸存几率是完全无人陪伴的病人的两倍。5.在poison前面加上a不定冠词修饰不可数名词，该名词后面再加上定语成分对该词进一步说明。6.删除

7、been7.把sure改为surely8.把but改为and本句与上一段最后一句在结构(just as)上相似，在意义上是递进关系，不应该用转折连词衔接，用and合适。9.把his改为their此处的代词应该代替the oldest old， the oldest old 表示一类人可以用单数也可以用复数，但是下文提到这些年事极高的老人都用了复数，所以此处也要改为复数，使上下文一致。10.把in改为at词组at every turn意思为“ 时时，经常”。More people die of tuberculosis than of any otherdisease caused by a s

8、ingle agent. This has probablybeen the case in quite a while. During the _1_early stages of the industrial revolution, perhaps one inevery seventh _2_deaths in Europes crowded cities were caused by thedisease. From _3_now on, though, western eyes, missing the global picture, saw the trouble _4_going

9、 into decline. With occasional breaks for war, the rates of death andinfection in the Europe and America dropped steadily through the 19th and _5_20th centuries. In the 1950s, the introduction of antibiotics strengthened thetrend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed to be imported to

10、_6_poor countries. Medical researchers declared victory and withdrew.They are wrong. In the mid1980s the frequency of infections and deaths _7_started to pick up again around the world. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came_8_back; in many places where it had never been away, it grew better. The Worl

11、d_9_Health Organization estimates that 1.7 billion people (a third of the earthspopulation)suffer from tuberculosis. Even when the infection rate was falling,population growth kept the number of clinical cases more or less constantly at 8 _10_million a year. Around 3 million of those people died, ne

12、arly all of them in poorcountries. 参考答案:1 将in改为for; for quite a while 作 “相当长时间”讲. 2 将seventh改为seven 3 将were改为was这个谓语动词的主语是单数短语 one in every seven deaths, 因此要使用单数.4将now 改为then 5将Europe前的the 去掉 6 将imported改为exported根据上下文,应该是向穷国出口抗生素,而不是从这些国家进口抗生素.7 将are 改为were 8 在vanished 前加had这里要表达的是 “结核病原来消失的地方,又爆发了

13、结核病”,所以要使用过去完成时.9 将better改为worse在结合病没有消失的地方,这种病更加严重了,因此要用worse.10 将constantly改为constant在 “keep sb/ sth adj”结构中的形容词作补语.Why does the idea of progress loom so large inthe modern world? Surely because progress of particu-lar kind is actually taking place around us and is moreand more manifesting. Althou

14、gh mankind has underg- _1_one no general improvement in intelligence or morali-ty, it has made extraordinary progress in the accumu-lation of knowledge. Knowledge begins to increase as _2_soon as the thoughts of one individual could be com-municated to another by mean of speech. With the in- _3_vent

15、ion of writing, knowledge could be communicatedand stored. Libraries made education possible, andeducation in turn added libraries: the growth of knowl- _4_edge followed a kind of compound-interest law,which was greatly enhanced by the invention of print-ing. All this was comparatively slow until, w

16、ith thecoming of science, the tempo was suddenly risen. _5_then knowledge began to be accumulated according toa systematic plan. However, as soon as new knowl- _6_edge is acquired, it is now turned to practical ac-count. What is called “modern civilization” is not theresult of a balanced development

17、 of all mans nature,but not of accumulated knowledge applied to practical _7_life. The problem now facing humanity is: what is go-ing to be done with all this knowledge? Like is often _8_pointed out, knowledge is a two edged weapon whichcould be used equally for good or evil. It is now being _9_used

18、 indifferently for both. Could any spectacle, forinstance, be more grimly whimsical than that gunners _10_using science to shatter mens bodies while, close athand, surgeons use it to restore them.参考答案及解析：1.把manifesting改为manifestmanifesting不能做形容词,而如果把它理解成现在进行词,后面又缺乏宾语,所以应该改为形容词manifest,表示 “显然的,明显的”.2

19、.把begins改为began根据下一行出现的could可以判断本句是过去时.3.把mean改为means. by means of 是固定用法.4.在added后面加上to如果add后面不加to,此句就表示 “把图书馆加到某个事物上去”,加上to,表示给图书馆增加了内容,符合句义.5.把risen改为raisedrise是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态.6.把However改为Moreover此句的意思是:新知识一经获得,马上就得到实际应用.这是对上文的追加,不存在转折关系,因此应该用moreover.7.删除but后面的not8.把Like改为As9.把could改为can主句为现在时,而从

20、句也不表示虚拟,所以应该用现在时.10.在that后面加上of.为了避免重复,这里用that指代spectacle,后面的gunner using是that 的内容.因此应该用介词of引出.Some people say love makes the world go around. Others say it is not love; its money.Since the _1_ truth is that it is energy that makes the world go around. Energy is the currency of the ecological system

21、 and life becomes possible even when food is _2_ converted into energy, which in turns is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. In this _3_ cycle all life depends. It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as many as _4_ they can during time

22、s of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard time _5_ in winter when food is scarce. But it is probably less well known that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in wint

23、er than in summer. A good case in point is white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer _6_ reproduce, grow,and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in the good condition who _7_ has conceived in November and was given bir

24、th to two fawns _8_ during the end of May and first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her bodys needs but also to reproduce milk for her fawns. The _9_ best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, bec

25、ause milk production is an energy consuming process - it requires a lot of food. The need can be met unless the region has _10_ ample food resources. 答案及解析: 1.Since-however/But 该句子与前面两个句子在意义和逻辑上是转折关系，而since只能引导原因状语从句或者时间状语从句。 2.even-only 用only强调条件when food is converted into energy，表示“只有当食物转化为能量时”，而e

26、ven没有这个意思。 3.In-On 此处实际上考查的是depend on，为了强调状语，把on this cycle放在了句首，正常的顺序应该是“All life depends on this cycle”。 4.many-much 这里much指代的是不可数名词food。 5.time-times 根据上下文的语境，此处time为“某一时期的生活状况，环境等”的含义，一般用复数形式times，再如：We lived through terrible times during the war years。 6.is-the 这句话是说：一个很好的例子是白尾鹿。这里是表示特指，所以white

27、-tailed deer前面应该有定冠词the。 7.the-in good condition为一个习语，good前面没有冠词。再如：The goods arrived in good condition。 8.was-句子的主语是怀孕的成年母鹿，与give birth to 是施动者与动作的关系，不应用被动语态。 9.reproduce-produce 根据常识和上下文的内容母鹿所需的能量是为了产奶（produce milk），而不是繁殖奶（reproduce milk）。 10.can-not 句中用到的是“notunless”这一固定结构表示“除非，才能”Cities can be f

28、rightened places. The majority of_1_the population live in noisy massive tower blocks. Thesense of belonging to a community tends to appear_2_when you live thirty floors up in a skyscraper. Strange_3_enough, whereas in the past the inhabitants of onestreet all knew each other, nowadays people on the

29、same floor in tower blocks even say hello to each _4_other.Country life, on the other hand, differs from thiskind of isolated existence in that a sense of communitygenerally keep the inhabitants of a small village togeth- _5_er. People have the advantage of knowing that there isalways someone to tur

30、n to when they need help. So _6_country life has disadvantages too. For example,shopping becomes a major problem and for anythingslightly out of the ordinary you have to go for an expe- _7_dition to the nearest large town. The country has theadvantage of peaceful and quiet, but suffers from the _8_disadvantages of being cut off. The city has noise andpopulation which do harm to human healt