科技英语电子教案.docx

1、科技英语电子教案教材：科技英语综合教程，刘爱军、王斌主编，外语教学与研究出版社参考书目: 1) Wuqiu FAN. Selections on Practical EST Translation. Foreign Language Publishing House. 2001./范武邱。实用科技英语翻译讲评。外文出版社。2001年。2) Zhijie FENG. Essentials for EST Translation. China Translation Publishing House. 2000./冯志杰。汉英科技翻译指要。中国对外翻译出版公司。2000年。3) Xianfa HU

2、A. A New Practical Textbook of English-Chinese Translation. Hubei Education Press. 2001./华先发。新适用英译汉教程。湖北教育出版社。2001年。4) Chengzhang LIN. An Introduction to English Lexicology. Wuhan University Press.1996./林承璋。英语词汇学引论。武汉大学出版社。1996年。教学目的: 本课程是教授数学系学生的一门英语提高课程。以科技英语文体的词汇语篇特征、科技英语翻译的标准、科技英语翻译的常见语法错误、修辞问题和

3、逻辑问题为主要内容，以科技英语翻译理论为指导，在科技英语翻译实践的基础上，集多种教学模式和教学手段为一体的教学体系。本课程的教学目标是培养学生的科技英语的翻译能力，使他们在今后学习和工作中能轻松地胜任科技英语情报收集和翻译工作。Unit 1 MathematicsText A Game Theory 科技英语阅读方法（一） 科技英语翻译技巧（一）Text B Digital Signature in Applied Cryptography Unit 2 MedicineText A Making a Little Progress 科技英语阅读方法（二） 科技英语翻译技巧（二） Text B

4、 Are Antibiotics Killing Us? Unit 3 Genetics Engineering Text A Ready or Not? Human ES Cells Head Toward the Clinic Text B Gene Doping 科技英语阅读方法（三） 科技英语翻译技巧（三）Unit 4 TelecommunicationsText A 10 Hottest Telecom Technologies of the Year (I) 科技英语阅读方法（四） 科技英语阅读方法（四） Text B 10 Hottest Telecom Technologies

5、 of the Year (II) Unit 5 Wireless CommunicationsText A Your Next Computer 科技英语阅读方法（五） 科技英语翻译技巧（五）Text B Share the Internet Wealth Unit 6 Computer ScienceText A Get Mean,Go Green 科技英语阅读方法（六） 科技英语翻译技巧（六）Text B Conversational Computers Unit 7 InternetText A We Know Where You Are 科技英语阅读方法（七） 科技英语翻译技巧（七）

6、Text B Why Skyware Poses Multiple Threats to Security Unit 8 MaterialsText A Dsigning Superhard Materials 科技英语阅读方法（八） 科技英语翻译技巧（八）Text B Toxic Potential of Materials at the Nanolevel Unit 1 Mathematics I. The Definition of EST (English for Science & Technology)EST (English for Science & Technology or

7、 Technical English or Scientific English) is a special language variety widely used in the fields of science and technology. Its believed that it first came to being in the 1950s along with the rapid development of science and technology, and it many researchers and scholars began to conduct investi

8、gation of this common features of this special genre including reading comprehension, writing and even translation. II. Reading Techniques for EST Nominalizaiton(名词化结构)1. 单纯名词化结构：指由一个或多个名词修饰一个中心名词构成的名词化结构。water purification system 该结构的中心名词是system，purification 修饰water，因此该结构相当于a system for the purific

9、ation of water2. 复合名词化结构：指由一个中心名词和形容词、名词、副词、分词及介词短语等多个前置或后置修饰语构成。acute bacterial peritonitis 急性细菌性腹膜炎3. 由动词派生的名词化结构：通常是由实义动词派生的名词搭配介词短语构成，在句子中充当主语、宾语或介词宾语。The building of these giant iron and steel works will greatly accelerate the development of the iron and steel industry of our country.句中的名词化结构th

10、e building of these giant iron and steel workds由build的动名词加上介词短语构成，充当句子的主语，其逻辑结构为动宾结构。III. Translation Techniques for EST1. 将名词化结构译为动词All substances will permit the passage of some electric current, provided the potential difference is high enough.这里的名词passage在翻译时要译为动词“通过”。全句译为：只要有足够的电位差，电流便可通过任何物体。2

11、. 将名词化结构译为动宾关系As a small-scale illustration of the artificial modification of physical weather processes, take the frost prevention in an orchard.划线部分的名词化结构译为“对天气的物理过程进行人工影响”全句译为：我们可举果园中防霜作为说明对天气的物理过程进行小尺度人工影响的例子。IV. Text Analysis Game Theory1. Warm-up questionsa) What are the basic elements of game

12、s and what is the goal of the participants in the game?b) In order to win in a game, what kind of approach or strategy should be applied?2. Language Pointsa) The games it studies range from chess to chld rearing and from tennis to takeovers. (para.1)Paraphrase: The games it (game theory) studies ext

13、ends from chess to child brnging-up and from tennis to handovers.takeover: n. the act or an instance of assuming control or management of or responsibility for sth.b) Game theory was pioneered by Princeton mathematician John von Neumann. (para.2)pioneer: v. to be a pioneer; to originate (course of a

14、ction etc., followed later by others)3. Text OrganizationPart One: paras. 1-3 Game theory can be defined as the sciene of strategy which studies both pure conflicts (zero-sum games) and conflicts in cooperative forms.Part Two: paras. 4-11There are two distinct types of strategic imterdependence; seq

15、uential move game and simultaneous-move game.Part Three: paras: 12-19The typical examples of game theory are given as basic principles such as prisoners dilemma, mixing moves, strategic moves, bargaining, concealing and revealing information.Part Four: para. 20The research of game theory has succeed

16、ed in illustrating strategies in situations of conflict and cooperation and it will focus on the design of successful strategy in future.V. Assignments: a) background knowledge search for each lecture; b) preview work for each lecture; c) exercises after each lecture; d) self-study of Text B and its

17、 exercisesUnit 2 MedicineI. Reading Techniques for ESTCompound Words 复合词1. 复合词的构成：a) 名词+名词 computer capacity 计算机能力b) 形容词+名词 synchronous orbit 同步轨道c) 分词+名词 combined carbon 结合碳d) 名词+动名词 altitude charging 高空增压e) 形容词+动名词 dynamic programming 动态规划f) 多词复合名词 industrial distribution equipment 工业配电装置2. 复合形容词的

18、构成：a) 名词/形容词/副词+形容词 red-hot 炽热的b) 形容词/数词+名词 high-frequency 高频的c) 名词/形容词/数词+名词-ed medium-sized 中型的d) 名词/代词/形容词/副词+分词 well-equipped 设备精良的e) 多词复合形容词 out-of-date 过时的3. 复合动词的构成a) 动词+介词/连词+动词 point-and-click 点击b) 动词+介词 sign-on 登录c) 形容词+动词 mass-produce 成批生产II. Translation Techniques for EST1. 意译：通过对原词的仔细推敲

19、和理解，准确地译出其表达的科学概念。deep space 航天术语：外层空间，而非“深层空间”2. 音译：根据英语单词的发音译成读音与原词大致相同的中文。hertz 赫兹（频率单位）e-mail 伊妹儿电子邮件3. 意音结合译：在音译之后加上一个表示类别的词，或者把原词的一部分音译，而另一部分意译。Kuru 库鲁病4. 直译：在科技文献里，有些词可以直接使用原文，如商标、牌号、型号和表示特定意义的字母。IBM system IBM系统III. Text Analysis Making a Little Progress1. Warm-up Questionsa) What do you kno

20、w about medicines or therapies for cancer?b) Can you give examples of the application of nanotechnology in our daily lives?2. Language Pointsa) to bring blood to an old and desperate fight. (para.1)new blood: n. new member, new comerb) as they revert to their original spins.(para. 4)revert to: to re

21、turn to a previous statec) usher the protons to their original spins. (para. 4)usher: v. to lead ab. politelyl to some placeeg: The waitress ushered us to our seats reserved.3. Text OrganizationPart One: para.1 The government decided to take an initiative to fight against cancer by means of nanotech

22、nology.Part Two: para. 2Nanotechnology holds promise for cancer treatment on account of two main reasons: size and function.Part Three: paras. 3-8Two kinds of nanoparticles nanocrystals of iron oxide and quantum dotshave been used for cancer detection in tests on mice.Part Four: paras. 9-18Three kin

23、ds of nanoparticlesdendrimers, carbon nanotubes and liposomeshave been used in tests for cancer killing.Part Five: paras. 19-21 In spite of great progress in cancer nanotechnology, there are still many problems to solve.IV. Assignments: a) background knowledge search for each lecture; b) preview wor

24、k for each lecture; c) exercises after each lecture; d) self-study of Text B and its exercisesUnit 3 Genetic EngineeringI. Reading Techniques for ESTAbbreviation (缩略词)1. 截短词 cpd (compound) 化合物 maths (mathematics) 数学2. 字母缩略词AMPS (advanced mobile phone system) 高级移动电话系统3. 首字母拼音词NATO (North Atlantic Tre

25、aty Organization) 北大西洋公约组织II. Translation Techniques for EST1. Conversion (词的转译)a) 动词转译成名词The addition of 2 percent sodium carbonate to boiling water increase the bactericide effect.Addtion转译成“加入”全句译成：在沸水中加入2%的碳酸钠会增加杀菌效果。b) 具体词义转译为抽象词义the study of the brain is one of the last frontiers of human know

26、ledge and of much more immediate importance than understanding the infinity of space or the mystery of the atom.划线部分具体含义是“最后的边疆”，译为抽象隐身意义“最新领域”c) 抽象词义转译为具体词义The pupil of the eye responds to the changes of light intensity.respond to，作具体化转译“随扩大或缩小”2. Amplification (词的增译)semi-permanent coupler 半永久性结构in

27、finite adjustment 将adjustment的含义补充为speed adjustment，译为“ 无极调速 ”3. Omission （词的省译）Best varieties have good resistance to loading.最好的品种抗倒伏力强。III. Text Analysis Ready or Not? Human ES Cells Head Toward the Clinic1. Warm-up Questionsa) What do you know about human ES cells? Give some examples to show its

28、 application in the medical field.b) In your opinion, whats the prospect of cell therapies? 2. Language Pointsa) But several hurdles remain.Hurdle: n. obstacle or difficultyb) pleaded with his colleagues to vote with him.Plead with: to ask for; to begc) But these same traits also increase the risktr

29、ait: n. characteristicd) ending up in the wrong placeend up: to be in a particular place or state finally3. Text OrganizationPart One: paras.1-6Although hES cells hold promise for the clinic, they still carry some risks in practice that discourage most groups from clinical trials except one companyy

30、Geron.Part Two: paras. 7-12Keirstead and his colleagues have chosen spinal cord injuries as the first trial and carried out several experiments with the main purpose to indicate that the treatment can be safe.Part Three: paras. 13-22Some potential problems may turn up with the clinical trials, such

31、as improper differentiation, tumor formatioon, animal contamination and new mutations in culture.Part Four: paras. 23-26There is still a long way to go befoere cell therapies come onto the stage.IV. Assignments: a) background knowledge search for each lecture; b) preview work for each lecture; c) exercises after each lecture; d) self-study of Text B and its exercisesUnit 4 TelecommunicationI. Reading Techniques for ESTBlending (拼缀词)1. 前词首部+后词尾部Chunnel (channel+tunnel) 英吉利