海文学校词汇及长难句班讲义.docx

1、海文学校词汇及长难句班讲义第一部分、词汇记忆方法一、合成词downloadonlookeronlineoutdoor(s)outletoutput/inputoutstandingoutlookoutlineoutside/insideoverallovercoatovertimeovernightoversea(s)overcomeoverheadovertakeoverthrowupdateuprightupsetupstairsupside-downup-to-dateupwardsunderstandingundergoundergroundundergraduateunderline

2、undertakeballpenblackboardbathroombasketballchairmandaytimeearthquakeeyesightfireplacefishermanfootballfootprintframeworkgunpowderhaircuthandbookhandballhandouthandwritingheadacheheadquarterheadmasterhighwaykeyboardlandlordmainlandmasterpiecemeantimenearbynetworkoffspringotherwiseoverallpassportplat

3、formpencilboxpostcardpostmanrailway/roadsalesmanseamansightseeingsnowstormspacecraft/shipsportsmantradesmanviewpointwarehousewaterfallwaterproofwidespreadworldwidewell-known(285)剪截词dormexamgymfridgephotomathshigh-tech二、常见词缀：（一）前缀位置：ex-, e-, extra-, over-，out-, under-; in-, im-, inter-, mid-; pre-, s

4、ub-, sug-, suf-, sup-, super-, sur-, post-; tele-; trans-; cross-大小多少：uni-, mono-, bi-, tri-, mini-, multi-, kilo-, micro-, macro-; semi-, hemi-; poly-, 否定意义：anti-； de-; di-, dif-, dis-； counter-, anti-, contra-; in-, im-, il-, ir-； mis-, mal-; un-; non-, pseudo-, 联想：col-, cor-, com-, con-; re-; vic

5、e变动词: be-, en/em其他：auto-, self-; bio-; by-, step-; ultra-（二）后缀表示人： -er, -ee, -eer, -or, -ar, -ian, -ent, -ant, -ist, -ese, -ess学科：-ology, -ture, -ics抽象意义-身份，状态，性质 -ity, -ship, -hood (加在名词后), -ness（加在形容词后）-th, -ure行为：-ment, -ion, -tion, -ation, -sion, -age, -ance/-ence （加在动词后）形容词后缀：-tive, -ous, ful/-

6、less; able/ible, -ent, -ant; -ory, -ary; -like/ish; -ly; -y; -some; -ward动词后缀: -ize, -fy, -ate, 等三、常见词根及构词pos = put 放置 pose, position, expose, exposure, compose, composition, propose, proposal, oppose,opposition, impose, dispose, disposal, prepositiontract = draw 拉，抽，引 tractor, attract, attraction,

7、attractive, distract, subtract, contract, abstract, drag, draw, straight, straighten, stretch sec, sequ = follow 跟随 second, secondary, sequence, subsequent, consequence, consequentlyvid, vis, vey, vy = see 看 visible, vision, visibility, invisible, visual, video, videophone, revise, revision, supervi

8、se, supervision, evident, evidence, visitspect=look 看 spectator, spectacle, spectacular, prospect, inspect, inspection, expect, expectation, respect, respectable, respectful, respective, respected, suspect, suspicion, specific, despitemob, mov, mot = move动 mobile, mobility, mobilize, automobile, mot

9、ion, motive, motivate, motivation, motor, move, promote, promotion, emote, remoteced, ceed, cess , gress = go, walk 行走 precede, proceed, procedure, process, exceed, excess, excessive, succeed, success, successful, succession, successive, successor, access, accessible, progress, congress, regress, ag

10、gressiverupt=break破 bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt, disrupt, eruptmini, min = small, little 小 miniskirt, minimize, minimum, minus, minute, minority, diminishscrib, scrip 写，记，抄 describe, description, script, manuscript, prescribe, prescriptiondict, dic = say 言，说 diction, dictionary, contradict, dictate

11、, dictation, dictator, predict, prediction, predictable, indicate, verdictmiss, mit = send 投，送，发 mission, missile, dismiss, dismissal, transmit, transmission, emit, emission, promise, compromise, committee, commissionport = carry 拿，带，运 portable, import, export, transport, report, supportleg, legis 法

12、 legal, legalize, illegal, legislate, legislation, legislaturesolu, solv 洗，溶解 solution, solve, resolve, resolution, dissolvepress 压 impress, impression, express, suppress, depressviv, vit=live活：live, living, lively, survive, livelihood, alive, revive, vivid, vital, vitamincount=number: account, acco

13、untant, discount, number, numeral, numerous, innumerableag=act 行动，做：action, exactly, react, interact, transact, radioactive, agent, agenda, agency, fac(t)=make做，作，制造：facility, factory, faculty, affect, defect, infect, perfect, efficient, fiction, artificial, proficiency, feasiblesign=mark记号，信号：remar

14、k, signal, signature, design, designate, significance, resigndu, doub, coup=two二：dual, double, doubtful, couple, dubious, duplicate, dualspher=ball球：balloon, ballot, hemisphere, atmospherepopul, publ=people人：popular, public, publicity, republic, publish, republican, population, men, min=mind心灵，精神：mi

15、nd, remind, mention, mental, comment, memory, memorial, remember, commemoratestruct=build建造：construct, instruct, obstruct, destruction, destroyfund, found=base基础：basement, basis, foundation, profound, fund, refund, fundamental part=divide分，分开：dividend, individual, particle, participate, particular,

16、partner, apart, counterpart, depart, impartial, department, party, apartment, compartmentpend,pens-hang悬挂：dependent, independence, append, appendix, suspend, pensionduc(t)=lead引导：conduct, deduct, misconduct, educate, induce, introduce, produce, reduce, oper=work工作：operate, cooperate, operaven,vent=c

17、ome来：venture, adventure, avenue, convention, invent, eventually, prevent, intervenevoc,vok=claim呼喊，叫喊，声音：proclaim, reclaim, exclaim, advocate, provoke, vocal, voice, sect=cut切，割：section, segment, intersection, sectorgrat, grac, gree=please高兴，感激：grace, grateful, gratitude, congratulation, agree, agre

18、eable, greet, pleasure, pleasant, disagreevail, val=worth价值：worth, worthy, worthwhile, available, prevail, value, valid, validity, valve, evaluate, equivalentpel, peal, puls=drive驱动：appeal, compel, compulsion, compulsory, propel, pulse, impulse(320)alter改变；aptitude能力；disastrous灾难的；banish放逐; combat战斗

19、；calculate推算；excavate挖掘；accelerate加速；certify证明; coincide, concur同时发生；circulate循环，流通；declination倾斜，下垂；discord不和；durability耐久性；equilibrium平衡，均势; diffident缺乏自信的；domain领地; infinity无限性；afflict使苦恼，折磨；formulate构思，规划；fortify, reinforce加强; frigid寒冷的；fuse熔化，融合；geometry几何；congest拥塞，充满；degrade降级，堕落；heredity遗传；h

20、inder阻碍；hydraulics水利学；transit转移；junction连接点；collaborate合作；elapse流逝; latitude纬度；alleviate减轻; magnify放大；manipulate操纵；submerge/immerse沉没；symmetry对称; eminent杰出的；negligible可以忽略的；notorious臭名昭著的；optimum最佳条件, demography四、有意义的字母组合：st-不动，立：stand, stop, stay, state, station, stable, steady, establish, instance

21、, standard, statistics, statue, stereo, stare, static, stationary, stereotype, still, destination, destine, destiny, stone, stubborn, rest, install, staunch, constant, steel, stiff, obstacle, stale, stall, stain, stick, start, stun, startle, astonish, stupid, stuffy (40)sti-刺，尖：stick, sticky, stimul

22、ate, stitch, instinct, sting, stir, (大纲全部)fl-流动：flow, float, flu, flood, influence, fluctuate, fluid, flush, fluent, fleet, flute, flux, flag, fl-闪动的光，植物：flash, flame, flare, flower, flourishfl-空中的动作：fly, flee, flight, flap, flutter, fling flat, flatter, flesh, flavor, flexible,（大纲全部）gl-不动的光/亮：glanc

23、e, glimpse, glare, glamour, glass, glorious, glory, glow, gloomy, gloss, glitter gl, sl-滑动：glide, glove, globe, global, glue （大纲全部）slip, slipper, slippery, slide, slit, slope, sledge, slycr-碎，裂：crack, crash, crisp, crush, crisis, critical, crazy, cracker, crumb-ap-拟声：flap, clap, tap, slap, rap break

24、-crash, clash, smash, splash, -ump笨重的动作：bump, thump, thumb, stumble, plump, hump, clumsy, dump, lump, slump, plumb, -atter-细碎的动作：batter, chatter, clatter, shatter, scatter, -ash-猛烈的动作：flash, splash, clash, dash, slash, crash, smash, -are-强烈的光：flare, glare, staresn-鼻子的出气声：sniff, sneeze, snore, snuff,

25、 snotspr-传播，洒，喷：spread, sprinkle, spraytw-二：two, between, twilight, twelve, twin, twice, twenty, twinkle wr, tw-扭曲，卷绕：wrap, wreck, wreath, wrestle, wrench, wrinkle, wrist, wrong, wretchedsw-水，洗：swim, sweat, sweater, swan, sweep, swing swift, sway, switch, sword, swarmh-象征沉重：heavy, haste, hurry, heav

26、e, hop, hunt, hurli-表示小：mini-, sip, chick, chip, nibble, tiny, slip, slit, dripm-象征低沉声：hum, moan, mumble, murmur, mutterr-：表示粗糙、削利、重浊的声音：grunt, rattle, roar, cry, croak, creak, rumble, crunch, crack, scrape, rip, scream, scratchs, z, sh-象征寂静和蛇等动物嗖艘爬的声音：hiss, brush, silence, rustle, snake, zip, buzz,

27、 hush, whisper五、同源词记忆allow-allocateanguish-angerbear-birthbend-bow bind-bound-bond- bundle-bandbite-bitter bloom-blossomboom-bomb break-brakebreed-broodbrim-brinkbroad-breadthburn-brandcatch-capturechoose-choicecity-civilclew-cluecloth-clothes bath-bathebreath-breathecanal-channelcarbon-coalcloth-cl

28、oakcondemn-damn cry-crow cook-cakecouple-doublecue-cluecurve-circledear-darlingdeem-doomdeep-dipdig-ditchdive-duckdipdoze-dazedrive-driftdrip-dropdrink-drowndry-draindry-drought elder-adultexample-samplefail-faultfalse-fakefall-fellfly-flee float-flow-fleetflow-floodflower-flourishfond-fun freeze-fr

29、ost-crustfright-afraidfront-frontiergarden-yardgild-goldgrass-grazegrief-grieveheal-healthhigh-height-hillhold-handhollow-hole-hellhonest-honorhot-heathurry-hurricanejoin-jointknee-kneellimb-limp, lamelead-loadlean-loanlie-lowliquor-liquid lose-lossmatch-matematter-massmeet-matemaid-madamemajor-mayo

30、rmaster-majestymix-minglemodern-modelmow-meadowmoon-monthnation-nationnear-neighbornourish-nurseowe-ownpacify-peace-pacific patch-piecepeople-popular-publicpoor-povertyportray-portraitpraise-prizerate-ratiored-rustride-roadrise-raiserun-racesalt-saucesee-sightsalt-saucesaw-sectionsea-saltseek-sakesew-