译林版初二上英语 Unit 1第二讲 Friends 语法篇含答案.docx

1、译林版初二上英语 Unit 1第二讲 Friends 语法篇含答案Friends 第二课时1. 熟练掌握第一单元单词、词组、语法2. 熟练掌握形容词和副词比较级，最高级的用法Translation:1. Im your man._If you need any help, Tom is your man._2. Let someone off._3.talk back_Dont talk back to your parents._4.spare no effect_I spare no effect to get the throne._5. pipe down_Pipe down! Im

2、trying to sleep._ 单元重点知识点总览1. some/any区别表示请求并希望得到对方的肯定，something不需要anything2. What/How about 名词、代词、现在分词，表示“.怎么样？”3. as adj./adv.原级 as和一样否定形式为：not as adj./adv.原级 as或not so adj./adv.原级 as4. tell,say,speak,talk辨析tell告诉，讲tell jokes/stories/lies tell to sb.tell sb.to do sth.say 说话内容say to oneself自言自语spea

3、k 语言speak English speak to sb.和某人说话talk交谈talk to/with sb.和某人交谈talk about sth.谈论某事talk with sb. about sth.和某人谈论某事5. maybe用法maybe(adv.)位于句首，相当于Perhaps，maybe谓语，“可能是”6. share用法share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物7. help用法help sb.with sth.帮助某人某个方面的事儿help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事8. “one of the 形容词最高级 可数名词复数”结构做句子的主语时

4、谓语动词用单数形式9. voice,noise与sound辨析voice：指说话声、歌唱声、鸟叫声等。noise：噪声、喧闹声，指不悦耳的、不和谐的嘈杂声，或任何令人讨厌的声音。sound：声音、声响，其含义最广，指人能听到的任何声音，包括大的、小的、好听的、难听的、有意义的和无意义的声音。10. among与between辨析among：指三者或三者以上的人或事物之间between：多指两者之间。 形容词的比较等级1. 形容词原级的用法(1). 说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。如：The flowers in the garden are beautiful. 花园里的花很

5、漂亮。(2). 有副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时，用形容词原级。如：The boy is too young. 这个男孩太小了。(3). 表示A与B在某方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。. 肯定句中的结构：“A+as+形容词原级+ as + B”。如：English is as interesting as Chinese. 英语和汉语一样有趣。例题：（2016青岛）The talent show is _ the game show. I like both.A. as boring as B. not so bored as C. as interes

6、ting as D. not so interested as. 否定句中的结构：“A+as/so+形容词原级+ as + B”。如：This book isnt so new as that one. 这本书不如那本书新。. 表示“A是B的倍”时，用“A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as + B”结构（一倍：once, 二倍：twice; 三倍及以上：基数词+times）。如：Our school is three times as big as theirs. 我们的学校是他们学校的三倍大。. half as+形容词原级+as表示“是的一半”。如：Her room is half as big

7、 as yours. 她的房间是你房间的一半大。2. 形容词比较级的用法(1). 形容词比较等级的构成规则变化类别构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般直接加-er, -estlonglongerlongest以不发音的e结尾时加-r, -stlatelaterlatest以辅音字母加y结尾时把y变i，再加-er, -esteasyeasiereasiest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er, -estbigbiggerbiggest多音节词和部分双音节词在原级前加more, mostcarefulmore carefulmost carefu

8、l不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/ muchmoremostbadworseworstoldolder（年级较大的）elder（较年长的）oldest（年级最大的）eldest（最年长的）(2). 形容词比较级的用法. 表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“A+比较级+than +B”。如：Lilys room is bigger than mine. 莉莉的房间比我的大。例题：（2016重庆）I think its necessary to learn how to work in groups.I quite agree. Sometimes

9、 its even _ than grades.A. less important B. more important C. the least important D.the most important. 有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot, much, even, still, far等修饰形容词时，该形容词可以用比较级。如：The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter. 冬天，天津的天气比广州的冷。例题：（2016重庆）This kind of w

10、atch is much _ today than last month. Would you like to have one?Really? Ill take one.A. the most expensive B. the cheapest C. more expensive D. cheaper. 表示在两者之间选择“哪一个更”时，用句型“Which / Who + be + 形容词比较级，A或B？”表示。如：Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao? 谁比较高，李明还是王涛？. 表示“几倍于”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。如：Your room i

11、s three times bigger than mine. 你的房间比我的大三倍。. 表示“两者之间比较的一个（of the two）”时，常用“the + 比较级”结构。如：Mary is the taller of the twins. 玛丽是双胞胎中比较高的那个。. 表示“越来越.”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more + 形容词原级”。如：Its getting warmer and warmer in spring. 春天天气变得越来越暖和。例题：（2016滨州）Food Safety problem

12、 is becoming _ these days.I think so. The government must do something to deal with it.A. smaller and smaller B. worse and worse C. better and better D. nicer and nicer. 表示“越越”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。如：The more, the better. 越多越好。例题：The earlier kids learn to be independent, the _ it is for their futur

13、e.A. good B. well C. better D. best(3). 形容词最高级的用法. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。如：Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市。例题：（2016厦门）Have you seen the movie Zootopia?Yes, Ive seen it twice. Of all the movies Ive ever seen, Its the _ one.A. interesting B. mo

14、re interesting C. most interesting. 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which / Who + be + the + 形容词最高级，A，B，or C?”结构。如：Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? 哪座城市最漂亮，北京、上海还是福州？. 表示“最的之一”时，用“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构。如：Jay Zhou is one of the most popular singers. 周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。. 形容词最

15、高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最”。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river n China. 黄河是中国第二长河。. 形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用定冠词。如：This is our best lesson today. 这是我们今天最好的一节课。. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。如：Li Lei is the tallest student in his class. 李雷是他班里最高的学生。= Li Lei is taller than any other student in

16、his class. 李雷比班里其他任何一个学生都高。副词的比较等级1. 副词的比较级和最高级的构成(1). 规则构成：与形容词的比较级和最高级的构成、用法及读音完全相同。英语中常见的由-er, -est构成比较级和最高级的副词有fast, early, late, hard, long, near等。(2). 不规则构成原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/ furtherfarthest/ furthest2. 副词的比较等级的用法详解(1). 平级比较的用法. 肯定句中用“as

17、 + 副词原级 + as”结构如：The teacher speaks as clearly as she can to make us understand her. 老师尽力说清楚以便我们能明白她。例题：（2016铜仁市）His handwriting is very careful.YeahWith the help of him, his sister writes as _ as him.A. care B. careful C. more carefully D. carefully. 否定句中用“as/so + 副词原级 + as”结构。如：I cant type as/ so

18、fast as my brother. 我打字不如我弟弟快。(2). 比较级的用法. 用“比较级+than”结构表示一方超过（不如）另一方的情况如：Tom is hard-working. I work harder than him. 汤姆很努力，我比他更努力。例题：（2016江西）I didnt do very well in this exam. Unluckily, he did it _.A. worse B. badly C. better D. worst. “比较级+and +比较级”表示某种情况变得“越来越”。如：Tom plays the violin more and m

19、ore beautifully. 汤姆小提琴拉得越来越好。. “the+比较级, the+比较级”表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行变化，意为“越（就）越”。如：The more we know each other, the better we understand each other. 我们相互了解得越多，就越能互相理解。(3). 最高级的用法主要运用“the+副词最高级+表示范围的短语”结构，最高级前的定冠词the可省略。如：Of all the subjects, I like art (the) best. 在所有课程中，我最喜欢美术。例题：（2016毕节市）Bob sings _

20、 in our class.A. better B. best C. good D. well 词汇A. 根据括号内的汉语完成句子。1. Im _ (口渴的). I want to drink some juice.2. You mustnt take the _ (杂志) and the newspapers out of the school reading room.3. Daniel _ (撞) my pencil case onto the floor when he walked past my desk.4. Jim got the first prize in the writ

21、ing _ (竞赛).5. Mr Wu is a _ (耐心的) teacher. He always explains (解释) things to us again and again.B. 用所给词的适当形式填空。6. Amy is a true friend. You can tell her everything about _ (you).7. Mr King is very _ (humour). He often tells us funny jokes.8. Suzy has a pair of _ (smile) eyes. She always looks happy.9

22、. The weather today is _ (bad) than yesterday.10. When you feel _ (happy), you can go to your friend for help.11. The students all swim very well. They are good _ (swim).12. Whats your _ (high)? Im 1.80 meters.13. He _ (choose) a watch for his father as his birthday present last Sunday.14. Jim is _

23、(fat) boy in his class, so he cant run fast.15. Jay Chou and Xu Song are both popular _ (sing). Many young people like them.一、单项选择1. Which city is _ from Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai or Nanjing?A. far B. farther C. the farther D. the farthest2. Do you know Lucy?Yes. Look at those four girls. _ is Lu

24、cy. A. The taller B. Taller C. The tallest D. The tall3. How do you like the book you read yesterday?Oh! Its one of _ books Ive ever read. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting4. He is not as _ as his younger brother. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the

25、 strongest5. Lily is _ shorter than Lucy. A. very B. too C. quite D. alittle6. An elephant is _ than a tiger. A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier7. There will be _ jobs for people because some robots will do the same jobs as people. A. many B. more C. fewer D. fewest8. I think Mary is

26、_ than Jenny. A. less funny B. more funnier C. much funny D. less funnier9. I am sorry this coat is not big enough. I want a _ one. A. bigger B. big C. smaller D. small二、填空题1. My hair is a little _(long) than my sisters. 2. Paul is much _(funny) than his cousin. 3. The Changjiang River is the _ (lon

27、g) river in China. Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes b_1_ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were mended (修理) there.One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He f_2_ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him

28、was a man with an umbrella standing n_3_ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown picked up the u_4_ as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, the man s_5_ him. He said angrily, “Thats m_6_.” Mr. Browns face turned r_7_ and he gave it back to the man at once. When Mr. Brown got to the big s_8_, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at each of them, he said, “Youve mended them very well.”In the afternoon he got into the t_9_ again. The same man was in the