unit2schoollife知识讲解牛津英语八年级上.docx

1、unit2schoollife知识讲解牛津英语八年级上8 A Unit 2 School life 知识讲解学习内容一、Language points 重点难点讲二、综合技能和发音课文讲解一、Language points 重点难点讲1Daniel wants to learn more about the subjects that British students study. 丹尼尔想了解更多有关英国学生所学的课程的情况。句中的study为及物动词，它的宾语是引导定语从句的关系代词that.study作及物动词或不及物动词，意为“学习”“研究”。如： All of then study

2、hard.他们大家都努力学习。 They are studying the beginning of life.他们正研究生命的起源。 study 也可作名词，意为“研究”“学习”“书房”。如： They are making a study of UFO.他们正在对不明飞行物进行研究。 How are you getting on with your studies ?你的学习情况如何？learn 作“学习”解时，一般指学习、学会较简单的东西，后接动词不定式作宾语。作“明白”解时，可接从句作宾语。Learn of /about 意为“了解”“听说”。如：1 They are learning

3、 some new words. 他们在学一些新单词。2 We are learning to drive/how to drive. 我们在学开车。听到他逝世的消息我们很伤心。注在表示“学习科目”的两词可换用。如：He learns /studies English. 他学英语。2John wrote back and attached some pictures to his e-mail.约翰回复了并把一些照片粘贴到了电子邮件上。attach 作及物或不及物动词，意为“附上”“加上”“贴上”，常与介词to连用。如：1 The man attached labels to the case

4、. 那人将标签贴在箱子上。2 Ha attached a photo to the letter .他随信附上了一张照片。 attach 也可表示“参加”“加入”，相当于join.如：1 I got lost so I attached myself to another party of tourists.我迷路了，所以只好加入另一个旅行团。 be attached to 意为“深爱”“依恋于”。如：1 He is greatly attached to his teaching work.他深爱他的教学工作。3 Millie has more flowers than Amy.米莉比艾米的

5、花多。morethan用于比较数量，意为“比多”。More是many或much的比较级，后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。如：Tom studies more subjects than Peter 汤姆学的科目比彼得多。2 we join more clubs than Tom and Hank. 我们加入的俱乐部经汤姆和汉克多。4Daniel has fewer CDs than Kitty.丹尼尔的CD没有凯蒂的多其中fewer是few的比较级，修饰可数名词复数。 few意为“很少”“不多”。如：she has few friends .她没有几个朋友。There are so few t

6、hat I can, t give you one. 没有多少，我不能给你一个。 a few 意为“几个”。如：she bought a few eggs and a little milk.她买了几个鸡蛋和一些牛奶。5、Daniel wants to compare his school life with Nancy, s and john，s.丹尼尔想把他的学校生活和南希和约翰的学校生活作一下比较。 comparewith意为“和比较”。如：We compare our school life with theirs.我们将我们的学习生活和他们的学校生活作比较。it is sometim

7、es quite necessary to compare Chinese with English.有时候很有必要比较一下汉语和英语。6、Any scored the most points.艾米得分最多。名中的the most +可数名词复数表示“在三者或三者以上中最多”。如：He has many books. I have more books. She has the most books.他有许多书，我有更多的书，她的书最多。the fewest +可数名词复数，意为“在中最少”。如：I scored few points . Amy scored fewer points. To

8、m scored the fewest points.我得的分数很少，艾米得的分数更少，汤姆得的分数最少。注形容词的最高级前面必须用定冠词。在有上下文情境的情况下，比较的对象和范围有时可省。如：I study few subjects. Daniel studies fewer subjects(than I ),Nancy studies the fewest subjects (among us).7、we use the mostfor the largest amount and the fewest/the leastfor the smallest amount. 我们用the m

9、ost表示最大量，用the fewest /the least表示最小量。短语a small/large amount of 后接不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：1 There is a large amount of rain in the mouth every year.每年南方的降雨量很大。A large amount of money is lost. 大量的钱丢了。 in large /small amounts 意为“大量/少量”，在句中通常作状语。如：they buy fresh milk in large amounts. 他们大量买进鲜牛奶。8、We use

10、“like”and “alike”to show that things are similar.我们用“ like”和“alike”来说明事物是相似的。 like 作介词；alike形容词。如：she is like her sister.=she and her sister are alike.她长得像她姐姐。Our house is like your house.=Our house and your house are alike.我们的房子与你的房子很像。similar 也意为“相似”“相像”，作表语时，后接to加宾语，也可作前置定语。如： Your shirt is simil

11、ar to mine .=Your coat and my coat are similar.你的衬衣和我的衬衣相似。 similar 可作前置定语。如：We have similar tastes in music. 我们对音乐有相同的品味。9、We use “like”in the middle of a sentence before a noun. “like”一词我们用在句子中间，放在名词前。In the middle of 意为“在中间”，middle 作名词可指时间或地点的中间。如：1 in the middle of the hall 在大厅中央。2 in the middle

12、 of the talk在谈话中间。10、My uniform is the same as Simon，s uniform. 我的校服和西蒙的校服一样。the same as 意为“与一模一样”，相像的程度大于similar,like 和alike.如：Her skirt is the same as mine. 她的裙子和我的一模一样。My trousers are the same as Tina，s 我的裤子和蒂娜一模一样。11、My uniform is different from john，s uniform. 我的校服与约翰的校服不一样。 be different from 是

13、the same as 的反议词，意为“与不同”，相当于not the same as.如：1 his school life is different from(=not the same as )our school life.他的学校生活和我们的学校生活不一样。2 He is quite different from(=not the same as )his brother in temper.他和他的弟弟脾气不同。 如果修饰行为动词应用副词differently from.如：1 people in south china eat differently from people in

14、 North China.华南的人吃的东西与华北的人不一样。 different 修饰复数名词。如：He has different qualities from his brother，s=He doesn，t have the same qualities as his brother.他与他弟弟品质不同。12、uniform,clothes和clothinguniform用于指不同职业的人穿的上衣裤子甚至鞋子成套的“制服”。如：here comes a policeman in uniform.过来了一位穿着制服的警察。a school uniform 校服、a police unifo

15、rm警服、clothes 指衣服的总称，它总是用复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，不能与具体数字连用，但可以与many,few,a few,a lot of 连用；表示一件衣服时用a piece of clothes.如：He cares more for new clothes than anything else.他喜欢新衣服胜过任何东西。clothing 也是作“服装”解释，但它还包括鞋帽袜子等，作不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，表示一件衣服时用an article of clothing.如：He pays too much attention to his cloth

16、ing.他穿衣太讲究。she bought two articles of clothing yesterday.她昨天买了两件衣服。综合技能和发音1. Sandy is helping him collect information on the Internet.桑蒂正在帮他在网上收集信息 句中的collect指有目的地,精心地去“收集”“采集”.如:1 We are collecting money for Hope Project.我们正在为希望工程筹款.2 His brother is interested in collecting stamps.他弟弟对集邮感兴趣. collec

17、t的名词不达意为collection,意为“收藏品”.如:1 I need one more stamp before I complete my collection.我还需要一张邮票才能把这套邮票收集完整.2 He has a large collection of old coins. 他收藏了大量的古硬币.2. Chinese students have fewer weeks off in the summertime than British students.中国学生夏天休假的时间比英国学生少几个星期. haveoff 意为“放假”.如:1 He had two weeks of

18、f because of his mother，s illness.因为母亲有病他请了两周假。2 Why did you have the morning off ?你上午为什么请假？注其中have 可用take 替换。如：She took a week off last month.上个月她请了一星期的假。 如果准某人请假用give sboff表达。如：1 his boss gave her three days off so that she could look after her sick daughter.老板准她三天假照顾生病的女儿。3British students spend

19、less time doing their homework than Chinese students.英国学生做家庭作业花的时间比中国学生少。人作主语时，表示“花时间做某事”用spend time (in) doing sth. 或It takes sb. Time to do sth.这两种结构。如：1 He spent two hours doing his homework. 他花两小时做作业。=It took him two hours to do his homework.做作业花去他两小时。注spend 后也可接钱作宾语，而take一般不用钱作宾语。如：I spent 15 d

20、ollars buying the book/on the book.我花十五美元买了这本书。=I paid 15 dollars for the book.= The book cost me 15 dollars. 这本书花去我十五美元。4What if it rains or snows? 如果下雨或下雪怎么办？此句为省略句，What 是主句，if it rains or snows 是条件状语从句，完整的句子应为：What will you do if it rains or snow?省略部分要根据上下文来理解。如：1 What if we won，take your advice?

21、=What will happen if we won，t take your advice?如果我们没听你的劝告会发生什么？2 What if he can，t come?=What should we do if he can，t come?如果他来不了我们该怎么办？5It doesn，t snow very often here, and I don，t mind the rain.这不经常下雪，并且我不在乎下雨。句中的mind 作及物动词，意为“介意”“在乎”，后接名词、动名词或if 引导的条件状语从句。如：1 Do you mind going to the meeting inst

22、ead of me? 你愿意代我去开会吗？2 Do you mind if I borrow your car?我可以借用一下你的汽车吗？注表示“同意/不反对”用No , not at all/of course not /No, go ahead; 表示“不同意/反对”用I am afraid.。如：“Do you mind lending your bike to me ?”“No , not at all. /I am afraid I，II use it myself.”“把你的自行车借给我好吗？”“好的。/恐怕我自己要用。”6It is important that we make

23、our voice rise and fall correctly when we speak English .讲英语时用正确的升降调很重要。 It is important that 这是一个以it 作形式主语，主语从句后置的句式。为了句子的平衡，习惯上用it 作形式语，真正的主语从句放在表语之后。It 和that 在流语中都没有意义。如：It，s important that we should study English.我们学英语很重要。It，s true that we have more free time than you. 确实，我们的空闲时间比你们的多。7句子的升降调升调：

24、一般疑问句：表示惊奇的省略句；选择问句第一个选择部分；并列结构中除最后一部分以外的所有并列部分； 降调：陈述句；特殊疑问句；选择问句最后一个部分；并列结构的最后一个部分如：I am 13 years old . ()Are you a student? ()Are you a doctor ( )or a teacher ? ()What，s your father? ()We study math (), English( )and Chinese. ()Mr Li is going to be on TV tonight. ()Mr Li () I，m going to sell my h

25、ouse. () Sell What? ()8.She won，t be able to play basketball for three months.她将三个月不能打篮球。Be able to do sth . 意为“能做某事”，指事实上能做成某事，相当于manage to do sth. 如：1 The fire spread quickly through the building but the people were able to run out of it .火在大楼里蔓延得很快，但人们还是都逃了出来。2 He fell into the river but he was a

26、ble to swim to the bank.他掉到河里了，但他设法游到了岸边。注can 一般指人“现有的做事的能力”，表示最终的结果。如： I can drive a car. 我会开汽车。Man can make tools. 人会制造工具。同步测试一、汉译英1收集信息 2在因特网上 3和不同 4和一样 5休假几天 6多远 7乘校车 8带一把雨伞 9得到一只宠物猴 10住院 二、句型转换1She lives three kilometers from her school.(就划线部分提问) 2I go to school on foot (就划线部分提问) 3. I have two

27、more apples than you. (就划线部分提问) 4. He spends half an hour reading English every morning. (就划线部分提问) 5. We have four weeks off. They nave three weeks off.(用than 合并为一个句子) 6There is going to be a football match tonight. (否定句) 7They have rice for lunch. (一般疑问句) 8She has to stay in hospital for a month(一般

28、疑问句) 三、单项选择1I lived in Shanghai five years.A. in B. on C. for D. at2. He is a Chinese but he knows German. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few3. The sun rises in the east. A. always B. often C. sometimes D. usually4. it rained, the football match was put off.A. Because; so B. Because of;/ C. Becau

29、se;/ D. As; so5. I was born April 15, 1993 England.A. in; in B. to; in C. on; in D. in; at 6. In Beijing there，s a famous park the Summer Palace. A. called B. calls C. calling D. to call 7.How do you like the music?- .A. Very much B. Wonderful C. very well D. No. I don，t 8.You can see the hospital t

30、he road. A. in the end of B. by the end of C. in the end D. at the end of 9.I don，t want .A. any longer B. any many C. any more D. too 10. One of my best friends in Shanghai a week ago. A. is B. are C. was D. were 同步测试答案一、1Collect information 2. on the Internet 3. be different from 4. the same as 5.

31、 have a few days off 6. how far 7. take the school bus . 8. carry an umbrella. 9. get a pet monkey 10. stay in hospital. 二、1. How far does she live from her school? 2. How do you go to school?3. How many more apples do you have than I? 4. How long does he spend reading English every morning ? 5. We have more weeks off tha