形容词和数词的讲解和练习.docx

1、形容词和数词的讲解和练习知识要点1)英语中大多数形容词、副词是可以分等级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。形容词、副词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。如：John is a tall boy.两者间进行比较用到形容词比较级。如：Jim is taller than John.三者或者三者以上进行比较用形容词的最高级。Mike is the tallest of the three boys.(形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the)2).形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化规则变化单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级er最高级est smallsmallersmallest等以e结

2、尾的词，比较级r，最高级st即可nicenicernicest以辅音字母y结尾的，变y为ier或est easyeasiereasiest双写最后一个辅音字母er或est hothotterhottest一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：difficult-more difficult-most difficult不规则变化：good/wellbetterbest,badworseworst many/muchmoremost littlelessleastfarfurther furthest（表示程度） farfartherfarthest（表示远近） oldol

3、deroldest（表新旧） oldeldereldest（表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼）3).比较级前的修饰词：a little, a lot, much, even; far; still4)形容词、副词比较级的特殊用法形容词/副词比较级+than+ any other+单数名词(+介词短语)表示比同一范围的任何一个人/物都，含义是最。例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in hi

4、s class. = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Toms class.the+形容词比较级+of the two+表示.是两者中较的。如，Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.比较级+and+比较级表示越来越。He is ge

5、tting taller and taller.the+比较级，the+比较级表示越,越,。The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make5).最高级常用句型结构主语+be+ the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语表示是中最的。如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语表示是中最之一。如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.序数词

6、+最高级Hainan Island is the second largest island in China.练习：I.写出所给词的反义词。1.young_ 6.better_2. white_ 7. longer_3. big_ 8. thinner_4. left_ 9. far_5.fast_ 10. light_II. 用所给词的正确形式填空。1. Maria is _(thin). Lucy is _(thin) than Mary.2. Mike is _(heavy) boy in his class.3. Tom is as_ ( tall) as Jim.4. I am m

7、uch _( well) than yesterday.5. This skirt is _( expensive) of the three.6. The weather today is _(hot) than it was yesterday.7). Lucy writes _(careful) than her brother.8)Today is _(busy) day this week.9)That is _ (easy ) of all.10). He is _ (clever ) boy in the class.11). John is _ ( short ) than T

8、om.12). This box is _ ( heavy ) than that one.III、根据所给汉语完成句子1. _ _exercise you take, _ _ (你锻炼越多就会越强壮) you will be.2. Who jumped _ (最远) of all in the long jump?3. Lucy says she will write to you back _ _ _ _（尽可能快地）。4. There are _ _ _ (如此多的人) that we cant see each other.5.-_ _ _ (何时何地) shall we meet?-

9、Lets meet outside the school gate tomorrow afternoon.IV、单项选择( )1. -Tom is the _ one I want to work with. He is always complaining.- Be more patient. He is still a good boy.A. best B. last C. first D. only( )2. We want to go to Japan to have a _ study.A. farther B. farthest C. further D. furthest( )3

10、. The meeting hall is _ to hold 5000 people.A. large enough B. enough large C. so large D. too large( )4. When spring comes, the trees get _.A. green and green B. green and greenerC. greener and green D. greener and greener( )5. My _ brother is three years _ than I .A. old; older B. elder ; older C.

11、 older; elder D. old; elder( )6. Hes _ to hear the bad news.A. sorry B. bad C. happy D. well( )7. The snow is over one meter _ when its winter here.A. long B. high C. thick D. this( )8. This book is _ worth seeing again.A. very B. quite C. well D. much( )9. My sister sat _ to me to listen to the sto

12、ry.A. close B. closely C. nearby D. with( )10. The sports car is running _, It seems to be flying.A. fast and fast B. more and fast C. more and faster D. faster and faster( )11. You run _ for us to catch up with you.A . too fast B. so fast C. too slowly D. so slowly( )12. Dont look _ the window? Wer

13、e having a class.A. out of B out from C. down of D. out.( )13. This year our school is _ than it was last year.A. much more beautiful B. much beautifulC. the most beautiful D. beautiful( )14. _ the ground is, _ air becomes.A. The high; the thin B. The highest; the thinnestC. The higher; the thiner D

14、. The higher; the thinner( )15. John is _ of the two boys.A. tall B. tallest C. the tallest. D. the taller.( )16. -Why does Peter like moon cakes with nuts instead of the ones with eggs?-Because he thinks the moon cakes with nuts are _.A. cheap B. dear C. worse D. nicer( )17. She is _ than IA. a hea

15、d taller B. a taller head C. taller a head D. head taller( )18. Paris is one of _ cities in the world.A. more beautifully B. more beautiful C. the most beautifully D. the most beautiful( )19. Shanghai is the first _ city in China.A. big B. biggest C. the big D. the biggest( )20. -Mr Zhou, of all the

16、 students in our group, who lives _?-I think Li Lei does.A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farther( )21. Bob never does his homework _ Mary, he makes lots of mistakes.A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as.( )22. My sister is good at sports, She can jump _ than me.A.

17、 highest B. very high C. too high D. much higher( )23.The Yellow River is one of _ in China.A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river D. the long river( )24.I dont feel _ to go to work today. Im ill.A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good( )25.Be quiet, class

18、! I have _ to tell you.A. important anything B. important something C. anything importantD. something importantV、同义句转换1. Math is the most difficult of all the subjects.Math is _ difficult than _ other subject.Math is _ difficult than _ other subjects.2. Joe isnt as tall as Lucy.Joe is _ than Lucy.3.

19、 Kate is 10 years old. Tom is 12 years old.Kate is _ _ _ _ Tom.Tom is _ _ _ _ Kate.4.The bag is too expensive for me to buy.The bag is _ _ _for me to buy.知识要点表示“多少”和“第几”的词，叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。1)基数词：在十位数词和个位数词中间加上连字符 “ - “ 。如： 21 twenty -one基数词三位以上的数词， 在百位和十位之间，一般要用连词and “。 如： 132 one hundred and thirt

20、y-two.表示”万“的词英语中没有。如1万可用10千来表示。 ten thousand. 30万可用 three hundred thousand 来表示。基数词的用法：1.编号的事物用基数词： 如：Lesson Five， Room 1012.表示”年，月，日“ 时用基数词。3.表示 “几点钟， 几点过几分” 用基数词。It is two to two. 现在是两点差两分。4.加减乘除用基数词。 One plus two is three.一加二等于三。Eight minus four is four. 八减四等于四。Two times two is four.二乘二等于四.Ten div

21、ided by two is five.十除二等于五。5表示百分数用基数词.Thirty percent of them is water. 它们当中有30%的水。6.表示分数时，分子数字用基数词， 但分母要用序数词， 如分子不是1，序数词要用复数形式。One-fifth of the books are mine. 三分之一的书是我的。Three-tenths of water is disappeared. 十分之三的水不见了。2)序数词：表示数目顺序的词用序数词。1.序数词119 除第一，第二，第三，第五，第八，第九， 第十二变化不规则外， 其余均由在基数词后加上 -th。2.十位整数的

22、序数词的构成方法是， 是将十位整数基数词的词尾 -y 变成 i 再加 -eth。3.几十几的序数词，只是把个位数变成序数词， 十位数不变。4.第一百以上的多位序数词 由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。one hundred and twenty-first ，one thousand，three hundred and twentieth5.序数词的缩写形式 有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。first-lst second-2nd third-3rd fourth-4th sixth-6th twentieth-20th twenty-third-23rd 其中ls

23、t，2nd，3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。6.通常前面要加定冠词 the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再”，“又”.Weve tried it three timesMust we try it a fourth time？7.基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后(名词需大写) 即可，不需要添加定冠词。the first lesson-Lesson One ，the fifth page-Page 5， the twenty-first room-Room 21练习( )1. Ive read _ sports news about

24、the F1 race today.A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of( )2. During World War II， a Jewish（犹太）lady was protected by a local family in Shanghai in her _.A. fiftiesB. fiftyC. fiftiethD. the fiftieth( )3. The river through our city， which is about _， is clean again.A. 6000 meters long B. 6000

25、-metres-longC. 6000-metre-long D. 6000 meter long( )4. I study in Yu Cai Middle School. There are two _students in our school.A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of( )5. They said they would have holiday.A. a two-monthB. two months C. two-months D. two-months( ) 6.-When was the PLA

26、founded？-It was founded on _.A. July 1. 1921 B. October 1.1949C. May 1.1922 D. August 1.1927( ) 7. In the past two years， many tall buildings have been built in our city. The tallest is an that stands in the centre.A. 80-floor building B. 60-floor buildingC. 80-floor buildings D. 70 floors building(

27、 )8.The number of people invited _ fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons.A. were ； was B. was ； was C. was ； were D. were ； were( )9.- How soon will you finish your work？ -In about _.A. one and a half month B. one month and a halfC. one and half a month D. a month and half( )10.-Would you like some fruit， madam？ -Oh， yes. _， please.A. 5 kilo bananas B. 5 kilos of bananasC. 5 kilo of bananas