Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 1.docx

1、Advanced English Book 1 Lesson 1Advanced English Book OneBrief introduction of English standards for the third year English majors described in Syllabus for English majors.Course Plan:1. The first term covers 6 lessons (Lesson 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, and 10).2. Mid-term exam: Lesson 3 in week 9.3. Each lesso

2、n needs about 10 or more teaching hours.Grades:1. Home work, class performance and attendance count for 30%,2. Mid-term exam counts for 20%,3. Final exam counts for 50%,4. Those whose class attendance is less than 1/3 of the teaching hours, are not allowed to take exams.Course Requirements: 1. Previ

3、ew before class: Read texts fluentlySolve word problemsSearch background informationBring questions to class for discussion.2. Be active in class: Asking questions Answering questions Thinking Taking notes Taking part in classroom activities3. Review after class: reread text prepare for quiz read su

4、pplementary materialsCourse objectives: Develop four abilities:1. ability to solve problems2. ability to search information3. ability to pick out and analyze rhetorical devices in reading4. ability to appreciate and criticize in readingSome words have both literary/original meanings and figurative/e

5、xtended meaning. Eg: a sea of troublesRhetorical devices: decorative devices in the use of language to achieve special effects, including:1.Phonetic devices2.Lexical devices3.Syntactic devices4.Figures of speechways of making words mean other than what they normally mean;Do an exercise of rhetorical

6、 devices. 4I Model of the course: To make the course informative, interactive, innovative, and instructiveBook One Lesson 1I . Additional Background Knowledge 1. Middle Eastern Countries 2. Architecture of Gothic Style II . Introduction to the Passage 1.Type of literature: a piece of objective descr

7、iption 2.The purpose of a piece of objective description: -to record and reproduce a true picture with opinions and emotions of the author excluded 3. Ways of developing a piece of objective description: -to begin with a brief general picture, divide the object into parts and organize the detailed d

8、escription in order of space III . Effective Writing Skills 1. making effective use of specific verbs 2. using adjectives accurately 3. using five human senses-hearing, smelling, seeing, tasting and touching to make the description vivid 4.using rhetorical devices properly IV . Rhetorical Devices 1.

9、 simile 2. metaphor 3. assonance 4. onomatopoeia V . Special Difficulties 1.paraphrasing some sentences 2.translating some paragraphs 3. identifying figures of speech VI . Questions 1.What is a bazaar? Can you name some of the Middle Eastern countries in which such bazaars are likely to be found? 2.

10、Name all the markets in the bazaar. What kind of economy do you think they represent? Give facts to support your view. 3.What scene do you find most picturesque in the bazaar? Why? VII. Classroom activities1. Students presentation with culture backgroundMiddle Eastern countries and their customs, Ba

11、zaar, Gothic-arched, veiled women, mosque, caravanserai2. A students role play as a tour guide in eastern bazaar3. Dialogue: bargaining between a seller and a buyer4. Students give suggestions to freshmen about how to go shopping at Tiancheng market5. group work: draw pictures about the oil workshop

12、VIII. Assignment1. Search background information 2. Write a composition describing a market you visited recentlyIX. Quiz X. Suggested readingsTraditional folktale: The Thousand and One NightsXI. Objectives.1. to know something about the Middle East 2. to enlarge vocabulary of shopping terms3. to lea

13、rn to describe a place (in detail, vividly, in space order, using topic sentences)4. to learn some rhetorical devices选用教材：由张汉熙主编、外语教学与研究出版社出版的高级英语第一册 Title:Q: 1. What is a bazaar?bazaarcoming from the Persian word(波斯语) “bazar, meaning: oriental market-place, street of shopsAsk student from Xinjiang

14、to say sth about the similar market in XinjiangAsk students to name other kinds of shopping places:mall-shopping areaplaza-open square (Spanish word)chain store(连锁店)department store(百货大楼)commercial center(商贸中心)shopping centermarket of farm products(农贸市场)supermarket(超市)Xidan Bazaar(西单商场)Beijing Moder

15、n Plaza(北京当代商城)commercial fair(展销会)etc 2. Where is the Middle East? (Note No. 2) (Ask student to find out Middle East on the Map of the World)Middle Eastregion of Southwest Asia and Northeast Africa, stretching from Turkey through Iran, Iraq and Arabia to the Sudan and the countries bordering the Ea

16、st Mediterranean. Paragraph 1Q: 1. What is mainly described in this paragraph? The entrance 2. What are your impressions of this particular bazaar? old, long history, dark, noisy, busy, narrow, crowded etc 3. How are the characteristics of this bazaar shown by the writer?Long history: How is the lon

17、g history shown?(1) topic sentence. It is built possibly centuries ago.(2) ancient architecture: Gothic arched (Note3)Gothic buildings were popular style in Western Europe in the 12th-16thc, characteristics are: pointed arches, tall thin pillars, arched roofs, and stained, colored glass windows. (sh

18、ow pictures of a gothic styled church)arched拱形vaulting, curved roof structure of, like church, bridge, gateway, etc.(3) aged stone and bricks(4) handicraft economyDarkness How is the darkness shown?(1) caverna large-sized underground cave.洞穴 Here: a long narrow dark street of workshops and shops wit

19、h some sort of roof over them.有顶棚的集市(2) shadowyadj. dim, indistinct, full of shadow or shade模糊的Notice the contrast made between the outside and the inside:heat vs coolglare vs darkopen square vs cavernQ: What is the writers preference here? How do you know?(glareunpleasant light, disagreeable sunlig

20、ht)(3) losing itself.the place is dark, so when the street is long, objects in the distance become unclear and indistinct.eyemans power of seeing or eyesight Eg. She has an eye for beauty.(she is able to appreciate beauty.)审美力很强He has an ear for music. (he is sensitive to music.) 能欣赏音乐to turn a blin

21、d eye to sb. or sth. 视而不见, 对.熟视无睹to turn a deaf ear to sb. or sth. 根本不听, 对 置若罔闻Narrowness How is it shown?(1) thread the waylittle donkeys. the donkeys went in and out among the crowds of people and from one side to another, they could not walk straightthronglarge crowd, (2) narrowedstallsmall, open

22、-fronted shop, table, counter or booth.货摊,摊位Eg: a book stall, a flower stallconceivablethat can be thought, imagined可想像的Eg: people of every age/ nationality buildings of every shape try every waygoods of every conceivable kind goods of every kind you can think of/imagine 各种各样的, 应有尽有的(3) clear a wayo

23、pen a way (How do you clear a way?)Noise how is it shown? (1) tinkling bellsonomatopoeia (imitation of natural sound)(2) dinloud, confused noise that continues, clamor 喧闹声 Q: What is the din made up of? din of- stall-holders crying.donkey-boys and porters clearingwould-be purchasers arguing (paralle

24、l structure) would-belikely, possible bargainv. talk about the conditions of a sale讨价还价Q: Does the writer show his preference when describing all kinds of sounds in the bazaar? If he does, how?What is the main structure of the last sentence? What kind of sentence is it?It is a periodic sentence (圆周句

25、)/left branching sentence. (opposite to loose sentence (松散句)/right branching sentence)In a periodic sentence, the main idea is put at the end of a sentence. Readers must remember all the information provided in the sentences before they really understand the whole meaning of the sentence.While in a

26、loose sentence, the main and important meaning is put at the beginning of a sentence and other added information is put afterwards, so readers can understand the main idea of the sentence even without finish the whole sentence.The purpose of a periodic sentence is to create suspense and enhance the

27、effect of the stressed part. Here is to enhance the effect of being confused and dizzy.rhetorical devices used in this para:1. alliteration: Gothic-arched gateway of aged2. onomatopoeia: tinkling3. parallel: the last sentence4. contrast: donkeys bell vs. peoples din; open square vs. carven etc.5. pe

28、riodic sentence: the last sentencePara.2-4 Cloth-market Para. 2Q: Why is the cloth-market muted?/ What make it muted?1. the earthen floor; 2. mud-brick walls and roof; 3. people way of talking How is the lack of vitality and vigor shown here? (muted; deaden; overwhelmed; sepulchral atmosphere)Useful

29、 expression:penetratev. pass into or through;(进入, 穿入, 通过)here: pass through a crowd and go deeper into the marketfade awaygradually disappear; go slowly out of hearing; vanish slowly (慢慢消失)eg. sound 减弱 crowd 走散 light 熄灭 enemy 接节败退 dream 消失measured- steady, slow, and deliberate rhythmical, regular, w

30、ith rhythm; (有节奏的)overwhelmv. overcome completely (压倒)sepulchraladj. deep and gloomy; dismal; grave-like (阴沉的,忧郁的) eg. voice; tone; atmosphere, stone, monument follow suitdo the same as sb. else has done (跟着做)Para. 3 Q:1. In what way is this cloth-market different from other markets?2. Usually how d

31、o shopkeeper try to avoid competition? (scatter to make it difficult for buyers to compare goods and prices.)3. Why do shopkeepers here gather together?(1.for the convenience of the buyers; 2. to form a closely-knit- guilt against injustice or persecution)4.Who would persecute or treat them unfairly? (tax collectors, officials, underground society, customers, etc.)5. How do women do shopping?1. going around; selecting, comparing prices2. reducing choice3.