工程应用英语.docx

1、工程应用英语工程应用英语课程一单选题：1. Computers are(B. useless)unless they are given clear and accurate instructions and information.2. Active (B. Recruiting) for engineers often begins before the students last year in the university.3. For the student who is preparing to become a (C. Civilengineer), these speciali

2、zed courses may deal with such subjects as geodetic surveying, soil mechanics.4. The civil engineer may work in research, design, construction,(B. Supervision), maintenance, or even in sales.5. Civil engineers work on many different kinds of (C. Structures).6. In designing buildings, civil engineers

3、 often work as (B. Consultants) to architectural or construction firms.7. Dams, bridges and other large projects ordinarily employ several engineers whose work is coordinated by a (D. Systems) engineer who is in charge of the entire project.8. Construction is a(B. Complicated) process on almost all

4、engineering projects.9. In compression, the material is (C. Pushed) together.10. When a saw cuts easily through a piece of wood, the wood is (A. in tension).11. We defined (D. Shear) as the tendency of a material to fracture along the lines of stress. 12. The principal construction materials of earl

5、ier times were wood and (C. masonry brick),stone, or tile, and similar materials.13. Modern cement is a mixture of(B. limestone and clay).14. Concrete is very (D. Versatile)15. Steel has great tensile strength while concrete has great compressive strength, thus, the two substances (C. Complement) ea

6、ch other.16. One system that helps (A. Cut) concrete weight to some extent uses polymers.17. The retention money serves to insure (D. the employer)against any defects that may arise in the work.18. The civil engineering work must be completed to the satisfaction of the employer, or his (D. Represent

7、ative)19. For moderate and longer hauls, self-loading scrapers pulled by rubber-tired hauling units and push-loaded by tractors offer(B. Lower) cost.20. Highway maintenance activities can be grouped and classified according (D. to)the purpose of the treatment.21. Engineering is a profession, which m

8、eans that an engineer must have a specialized(Duniversity )education. 22. In most cases, the tender may be(BWithdrawn)at any time until it has been accepted.23. Current trend is to require students to take courses in the(C.social)science and the language arts.24. The law relating to contracts impose

9、s on each party to a contract (D. a legal obligation) to perform. 25. Indeed, the civil engineers choice is(C. large)and varied.26. Roadbeds (B. underlie) highway pavement structures and the ballast and track on which trains move.27. Construction can be very (A. dangerous).28. Where material is move

10、d less than about 60m or steeply downhill, drifting with a track or wheel type bulldozer is (A. cheapest) 29. Thrust is the pressure exerted by each part of a structure on (A. its other part) 30. The weight of all the people, cars, furniture, and machines and so on that the structure will support wh

11、en it is in use is (B. live load)31. In tension, the material is(B. pulled apart)32. In fills constructed by end dumping or by placing in thick layers, material, density, and moisture content could (C. vary) greatly from one spot to another.33. Both (A. steel and cement), the two most important cons

12、truction materials of modern times, were introduced in the nineteenth century.34. The total station is used to measure angles in both vertical and horizontal planes, and the level to measure (C. elevation difference)35. The (B. defective )vehicle is a creator of accidents.36. Prestressed concrete is

13、 an (B. improved )form of reinforcement.37.A simple contract consists of an agreement entered into by( D. two or more parties)38.(B. Volume) change would result in differential settlement or swell between adjacent areas.39. There are two basic procedures for controlling the embankment density: manne

14、r and method and (A. result ).40.A main source of accidents, the problem of(C. drunken)driving is the most serious of all.41. Computer programming is now included in almost all engineering(B. curricula).42. The relationship between engineering and society is getting( C. Closer)43. Types of contracts

15、 are virtually classified by their(D. payment)system: (1) price-based and (2) cost-based.44. Computers cant solve complicated problems unless they are given( D. a good program) 45. In recent years, rippers have been used successfully to( C. break up)loose or fractured rock.46. Civil engineering proj

16、ects are almost always (A. distinctive) 47. Usually there are (C. no)easy answers on equipment selection.48. (A. Vertical)force acts up and down.49. Layered construction also produced greater uniformity in the material( D. itself)and in its density and moisture content.50. The actual cost of any sin

17、gle highway traffic accident is extremely( C. difficult )to determine.51. Basically, causes of automobile accidents can be categorized(D. into)four major groups.52. Electronic distance measuring (EDM) not only can measure the distance between objects but also determine( A. the direction)53.(A. Two o

18、f )the recent improvement in visibility are wraparound windshields and narrowed roof support pillars.54. There is a great deal that the actual highway designer can( C. do to )prevent accident.55. To avoid the driving after drinking, one of the methods is( B. breath test ).56. It is suitable for remo

19、te sensing technique to be used for highway location in(C. mountainous country without forest).57. The information on the aerial photographs can be converted into maps with the help of stereoscopes which is able to see objects in(C. three dimensions)58. The normal steel does not exert any force of i

20、ts own on the member,( B. contrary )to the action of prestressing steel.59. The extensive use of prestressed structures has been due in ( A. no )small measures to the advances in the technology.60.The employer selects the contractor for the project by( D. Bidding). 61. Many different( A. corporation

21、s ) and government agencies have competed for the services of engineers in recent years.62. Civil engineers may prefer to work with one of the government agencies that( B. deals )with water resources.63. It is normal practice for( B. a)engineer to specialize in just one kind.64. Construction involve

22、s the work and utilizing the equipment and the materials so that costs are kept as( C. low )as possible.65. For example, (B. dams)are often built in wild river valleys or gorges.66. Electrical and mechanical engineers work on the(A. design )of the powerhouse and its equipment.67. In Rome, most of th

23、e people lived in(B. insulse ), great tenement blocks that were often ten stories high.68. The prospective civil engineer should be aware of the physical( A. Conditions)that will be made on him or her.69. Much of the work of civil engineering is carried on( C. outdoors)70. In addition, the building

24、of skyscrapers, bridges and tunnels must also progress under all kinds of(C. weather)conditions.71. The Romans also used a natural cement called pozzolana, made from (B. volcanic ash), that became as hard as stone under water.72. Different proportions of the ingredients produce concrete with( A. dif

25、ferent )strength and weight. 73. (A. Prestressed) concrete has made it possible to develop buildings with unusual shapes. 74. The modern engineer must also understand the (C. different)stresses to which the materials in a structure are subject. 75. Today, scientific data permit the engineer to make

26、careful calculations( D. in advance)76. The force which the live load will be exerted on the structure is( C. Impact)77. When a saw begins to bind, the wood is( A. in compression because )the fibers in it are being pushed together.78. ( D. Steel )rods are bent into the shapes to give them the necess

27、ary degree of tensile strength. 79. Many great buildings built in earlier ages are massive structures with( B. thick stone walls)80. We all enter into contracts almost every day for the supply f goods,(B transportation)etc. 81. Some contracts must be made in a particular(D. form)to be enforceable.82

28、. Once a person has signed a document he is assumed to have(B. approved )its contents.83. By setting down the terms of a contract in writing one secures avoiding ( A. disputes)84. In an entire contract, where( D. the employer)agrees to pay a certain sum in return for civil engineering work.85. (B. T

29、he contractor ) is not entitled to any payment if he abandons the work prior to completion.86. The contractor is not entitled to receive payment in (A. full )until the work is satisfactorily completed.87. A tender is normally required to be a definite( C. offer)88. Generally, civil engineering contr

30、acts provide for the issue of (B. interim certificates)at various stages of the works. 89. It does not give the employer the right to demand an(A. unusually)high standard of quality throughout the works. 90. The employer does not usually bind himself to accept the lowest or indeed any tender and thi

31、s is often stated in the( C. advertisement )91. A contract has been defined as an agreement which directly creates and contemplates( C. an obligation)92. When we enter into contracts we are willing to(C. pay )for the service we receive.93. If there is no written agreement and( C. a dispute )arises i

32、n respect of the contract.94. The rubber-tired tractor units have difficulty in operating on( D. wet), slippery roadbeds. 95. There are( A. Many)variables in earthmoving. 96. The term(D. Embankment)describes the fill added above the low points along the roadway to raise the level to the bottom of the pavement structure.97. Material for( B. embankment )commonly comes from roadway cuts or designated borrow areas.98.(C. Field) control is largely a matter of conducting the specified pro