英汉翻译考研英语笔记.docx

1、英汉翻译考研英语笔记英汉翻译考研英语笔记 2010 考研英语阅读理解词汇总结朱泰祺 阅读理解常考词语 表达作者态度的常考词语 amazed 感到惊讶的；amazing 令人惊讶的；ambiguous 模棱两可的；approved 公认的；approving赞许的；arbitrary武断的；bewildering(=puzzling)令人迷惑的；biased(=prejudiced)有偏见的，偏心的；critical 持批评态度的；depressed 感到沮丧的；depressing 令人沮丧的；depressive 压抑的，忧愁的；disappointed(=dismayed,frustrat

2、ed)感到失望的；disappointing 令人失望的；doubtful 怀疑的，拿不稳的；dubious 有问题的，靠不住的，值得怀疑的，犹豫不决的；enthusiastic 热情的；gloomy沮丧的，忧愁的,hostile 敌对的；humorous 幽然的；identical 相同的；impartial(=detached，neutral,even-handed)公平的，不偏不倚的，公正的，没有偏见的；indifferent漠不关心的，满不在乎的；indignant(对不公平)愤慨的；ironic 讽刺的；merciful 宽容的，仁慈的；negative 否定的，消极的，反面的；ne

3、utral 中立的，不偏不倚的；objectionable 引起反对的，令人反感的；objective 客观的；opposed 反对的；opposite 对立的；optimistic乐观的；outraged 气愤的；partial 不公平的；perplexed 感到困惑的；pessimistic 悲观的,positive肯定的，正面的；prejudiced 有偏见的；puzzled 感到困惑的；puzzling 令人困惑的；radical 激进的，极端的；resentful 表示怨恨的；reserved 有保留的，内向的；reserved consent 有保留的同意；respectable

4、可敬的，高尚的；respectful 充满敬意的，有礼貌的；rival(=competitive)竞争的；scared 惊恐的，恐慌的,sensible 明智的，通情达理的；sensitive 敏感的,skeptical 怀疑的；slight contempt 稍有蔑视；subjective主观的；supportive 支持的，suspicious 可疑的，疑心的,sympathetic 同情的；tentative试探性的。与经济有关的常考词语 alleviate the Asian financial crisis 缓解亚洲金融危机，apply economic sanctions agai

5、nst that country 对那个国家进行经济制裁。banking industry 金融业，business partners 商业伙伴，budget n./v.预算。business concentration 企业集中，business cycle 经济循环，business management 企业管理。cost efficiency 成本效益，commodity prices 商品价格，commercial promotion 商业促销，channels of revenue 收入渠道，contentious trade issue 有争议的贸易问题，customs reve

6、nues 关税收入，credit 赊购，a credit balance of$250 二百五十美元的存款余额，devalued dollar 美元贬值，double-digit inflation 十位数的通货膨涨。economic recession 经济不景气，economic depression 经济萧条，economic decline 经济衰退，economic revival 经济复苏，emerging countries 新兴国家，established business partners 固定的商业伙伴，energy-intensive industries 能源密集型工业

7、。fading industrial competitiveness 日益削弱的工业竞争力。family economics 家庭经济状况。fair play 公平竞争。foreign investment 外国投资，fluctuate crude oil prices(fluctuation of crude oil prices)使原油价格波动，falling oil revenue日益减少的石油收入。economic globalization process 经济全球化过程，global excess demand 全球过量需求。improvement in the export cl

8、imate 改善出口环境，injury claims 伤害索赔，interest-bearing cheque accounts 有息支票账户，investment returns 投资回报。market-oriented economy 市场导向的经济，make profit 营利，maximize profits 使利润最大化，merger and acquisition 合并和收购，multinationals 跨国公司，marketing messages 销售信息。operating costs 营业费用。package deal 一揽子交易，price system 价格体系，pr

9、ice index 价格指数,pickup in capital spending 资金投放增加，private-enterprise 私人经营，production costs 生产成本，productive resources 生产资料，provide further credits for the company 向公司提供进一步的信贷。real economy实体经济。retail price 零售价,raise tariff barriers against foreign imports 提高对外国进口货的关税壁垒,re-engineering and downsizing 工程改

10、组和缩小规模，real-estate broker 房地产经记人。revenue（税收等的）收入。scrutiny 精查细看。shift production from one place to another 把生产从一地转移到另一地，surplus in trade 贸易顺差，suspension of exports 中止出口，securities 股票，有价证券。tap the consumer market 扩大消费市场，the total collapse of national economy 国民经济的全面崩溃,trade and investment barriers 贸易和

11、投资壁垒，tax cuts in this years budget 本年度预算中税收削减，trade barrier 贸易壁垒，trade balance贸易平衡，trade imbalance 贸易不平衡。与计算机技术有关的常考词语 point and click 点击，web business 网上经营，integrated circuit 集成电路，conduct online transactions 进行网上交易，give sb the companys private internet 使某人能进入公司内部的互联网，software company 软件公司，computer m

12、onitor 计算机监视器，a companys web site 公司网站，Internet sign-up互联网帖子，online world 网上世界，brief 短讯，a database on the Internet 互联网上的资料库，interactive 人机互动的，交互式的，check a database 检查资料库，sign up for 登录要求得到，key in v.键入，E-mail ones resume to sb.把某人的履历用电子邮件发给，online culture 网上文化，Internet marketing activities 互联网上的销售活动，

13、Net purists 网络净化者，computer education advocates 计算机教育鼓吹者，screen saver 屏幕保护。products compatible with the Windows operating system 与示窗操作系统兼容的产品。4.As 用法小结 as of(=as from)从 起。例如：1)You are in charge(负责)as of today.2)The agreement starts as from March 13.as for 至于。例如：1)As for me,I shall return there on arr

14、ival.2)As for me,Im in favor of the first view.as to 关于；至于。例如：He asked my advice as to what to do next.as with 与 一样。例如：As with so many of the major problems of society,the precise extent and nature of the environmental crisis are not entirely clear.as against(=in contrast with)与相对照。例如：1)She gets Sat

15、urdays off in her new job as against working alternate weekends in her last one.(她新找的这份工作星期六放假，而原来的那份工作周末是隔周放假。)2)The business done this year amounts to$20,000 as against$15,000 last year.as regards 至于。例如：There are no special rules as regards what clothes you should wear.(至于应该穿什么衣服没有硬性规定。)as follows

16、 如下。例如：1)The reasons are as follows.2)The report reads as follows.as it were 可以说，姑且这么说。例如：He is,as it were,a walking dictionary.(他，可以说，是一部活词典。)as opposed to 和 相反。例如：John likes rice,as opposed to Mary,who hates it.as soon as possible 尽快地。例如：We should take steps as soon as possible.may(might,could)as

17、well do sth.不妨，最好（做某事）。例如：Since it is too late,we might as well go back home.as a rule通常。例如：1)As a rule they sat together very quietly.2)His writing as a rule is elegant.as yet 到这时为止（还没有）：But none of these are as yet carefully thought-out plans.such as to 这样 以致。例如：I went about my job in such a way a

18、s to try to kill two birds with one stone.not so much as 与其说，倒不如说：The trumpet player was certainly loud.But I wasnt bothered by his loudness so much as by his lack of talent.(这个吹号手的声音确实很大，但我烦的与其说是他吹得太响，倒不如说是他缺乏天分。)such as 例如：Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness c

19、annot be bought with money,such as a good family life,friendship and work satisfaction.(研究表明，那些最能使人产生幸福感的东西是不能用金钱买到的，如和睦的家庭生活、友谊和事业上的满足感。)as long as(=so long as)只要（引导条件从句）：As long as he works hard,I dont mind when he finishes the experiment.Just as ,so 正如 一样，也 。例如：Just as air is important to man,so

20、is water to fish.as though(=as if)似乎。例如：Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away,as though to go out of the office.much as 虽然。例如：Much as I admired David as a poet,I dont like him as a man.(虽然我仰慕作为诗人的大卫，但我不喜欢他的为人。)as 虽然(引导部分倒装的让步从句)：Young as he is,he knows a lot.(他虽年轻，但很懂事。)as 作关系代词，引导定语从句

21、，代表整个主句的意思：1）A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,as was to be expected.(正如所料，代表们提出了许多建议。)2)As might be expected,the response to the question was mixed.(正如所料，人们对这个问题观点不一。)asas 引出比较状语从句：Americans eat twice as much protein as they actually need every day.(美国人摄取的蛋白质是他们实际需要量的两倍。)As is ofte

22、n the case 事情常常是这样：As is often the case,it happened so gradually that it was barely perceptible.5.常考同义词和近义词 控告某人犯了accuse sb.of sth.,charge sb.with sth.；夸大exaggerate，overestimate，overvalue，overrate，magnify；缩小（低估）underestimate，undervalue，minimize；使困惑 puzzle，bewilder，confuse，perplex；影响 affect,influence

23、,impact(on),bear on；控制control，dominate，curb，regulate，harness(=control and use)；污染pollute，contaminate，foul；计算 calculate，compute，reckon；出现appear，emerge，come into being；关心 care for，foster，be concerned about；把归因于 owe to，attribute to，refer to；减轻，缓解ease，alleviate，relieve；给予 render，offer，impart，confer；实现re

24、alize，effect；炫耀 show off，parade；自尊心 ego，pride，self-esteem，dignity；涌入 crowd into，pour into，stream into，swarm into，pack into；体现 express，embody；决定 decide，determine，elect，make up ones mind；渴望 desire，long(for)，aspire to，pant；改进 improve，mend；消除 eliminate，remove，erase，get rid of；威胁 threat，menace；聚精会神做 be a

25、bsorbed in doing，be immersed in doing；有偏见的 biased，partial，prejudiced；损害 spoil，impair，harm，endanger；包含，包括 embrace，comprise，encompass，include；停止 stop，halt，cease；持久 last，endure；推进 further，promote；上升 rise，escalate，go up，climb；繁荣 prosper,flourish，thrive；容忍 bear，tolerate，put up with，brook；缺点 shortcoming，d

26、efect，drawback，flaw，setback；指望，依靠 count on，depend on，rely on，reckon on，bank on，lean on；倾向于 tend to，be inclined to，be liable to，be apt to；怀疑的 skeptical，dubious，doubtful，suspicious；减少 decrease，decline,reduce，diminish，temper，moderate；索然无味的 uninteresting，dull，tedious，boring；不偏不倚的 impartial，detached，neut

27、ral，unbiased；有意的 purposeful，deliberate，intentional；培训 train，practice，nurture；不理会 ignore，discount，disregard，pay no attention to，turn a deaf ear to；改变change，alter，modify，remold，reshape；增加 increase，augment，add to，multiply；抛弃 discard，abandon，desert，give up，get rid of；浪费 waste；dissipate；废除 abolish,do awa

28、y with,scrap；揭露disclose，reveal，unveil；性格，脾气 personality，disposition；谨慎的 careful，discreet，prudent，cautious；厌恶，怨恨 disgust，resent，hate；满足 meet，satisfy，cater to；沉思，细想 ponder，meditate，think deeply，dwell on；必然包含 involve，entail；忽略，疏忽overlook,neglect，give no attention to；使沮丧，使失望 disappoint,frustrate，dismay,

29、let sb.down，depress；诱惑 lure,tempt,induce；讽刺 satire,sarcasm，irony；造成，引起 cause,pose,bring about,give rise to，evoke。发人深省 set sb.thinking,be thought-provoking；利用 make use of,take advantage of,utilize,harness；来自于 come from,result from,arise from,stem from,derive from 挫伤，使灰心：discourage,frustrate,upset；严肃的

30、 earnest,serious,grave,solemn；对感兴趣 be interested in sth.,be struck by sth.；拒绝，不给 refuse,deny,withhold,keep back；欣赏 enjoy,relish,appreciate；假装 pretend,sham；膺品fake,sham；照管 take care of,look after,tend；(使)恶化 make sth.worse,aggravate,deteriorate,sour；主要的，首要的 primary,main,chief，principal,sovereign。对考研最有帮

31、助的目前最全面的英汉翻译笔记 第一部分：数词的译法 一、数字增减的译法：1.句式特征：by名词比较级than The wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长 3英寸。2.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词to+n.译为：增加到。或减少到。Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到 50 台。二、百分数增减的表示法与译法 1.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词 The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了 35 2.句式特征：表示

32、增减意义的动词by Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加 3 The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少 60 3.句式特征：表示减少意义的动词to+%表示减少后剩余的数量 By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺，铁的损失量减少到 20 4.句式特征：比较级 than 表示净增减的数量 Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.

33、今年零售额与去年相比，有望增加 9。5.句式特征：比较级 名词表示净减数 The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied.新型机械能耗量净减 10 6.句式特征：a+%+increase 表示净增数 There is a 20%increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比，今年钢产量净增 20 7.句式特征：+(of)名词（代词）表示净减数，数字 n 照译 The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的 60 8.句式特征：%up on 或 over 表示净增数 The grain output of last year in this province was 20%percent