定语从句完整课件.ppt..ppt

1、需要掌握知识：1.定义2.关系词的分类及用法3.that 和 which 用法比较4.特殊定语从句Attributive Clause（定语从句）一：概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.定语从句先行词引导词引导词关系代词 关系代词:whowhomthatwhichwhose关系副词关系副词:wherewhenwhy二：引导词通常有三个作用：二：引导词通常有三个作用：1.引导定语从句；引导定语从句；2.指代先行词；指代先行词；3.在定语从句中充当句子成分

2、。在定语从句中充当句子成分。The book that you referred to is mine.1.The girl _ is sitting in the chair is a good singer.2.The skirt _(_ Mary bought two years ago is old.3.Is this the novel _ you introduced to me?4.Where is the boy _ broke the window?5.Luckily none of the people_I know were killed in the earthquak

3、e.who/thatwhich/that)(that/which)who/that(that/whom)注意：1 1 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要充当句子成分。2 2 当关系代词充当动词和介词的宾语时可省略，但如果介词提前的话，不可以用 that,that,而且不可以省略。3 3 定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致注意：one of+one of+名词的复数the only/the just/the very+one of+the only/the just/the very+one of+名词复数。4 4 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。5 5 非限制性定语从句中的关系词不可以省

4、略。关系代词的功能：关系代词的功能：Who 指人做主语指人做主语Whom 指人作宾语指人作宾语That 指人也指物，做主语也做宾语指人也指物，做主语也做宾语Which 指物，做主语也做宾语指物，做主语也做宾语Whose 指人也指物，做定语，强调所属 指人也指物，做定语，强调所属 关系 关系When 指时间，做时间状语指时间，做时间状语Where 指地点，做地点状语指地点，做地点状语Why 指原因，做原因状语指原因，做原因状语例例 1.The man _ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.that/who指人:that/who(主语)那个站在树

5、底下的女生是我同桌。那个站在树底下的女生是我同桌。那个曾经伤了我的自尊的男生在那边。那个曾经伤了我的自尊的男生在那边。The girl who/that is standing under the tree is my deskmate.The boy who/that hurt my pride once is over there.例 2:The boy_ the nurse is looking after is my friend.(whom/that)指人:whom/that(宾语,可省略)你所提到的那个老师已经退休。你所提到的那个老师已经退休。你所关心的那个男生犟得像头驴。你所关心

6、的那个男生犟得像头驴。The teacher(that/whom)you referred to has retired.The boy(that/whom)you cared about is as stubborn as a donkey.例 3:The car_ is red was damaged yesterday.that/which指物:that/which(主语)属于我的那本书很贵重。属于我的那本书很贵重。正在被建造的的学校是我们的新学校。正在被建造的的学校是我们的新学校。The book which/that belongs to me is valuable.The sch

7、ool which/that is being repaired is our new school.例 4:The question_ I dont understand is about grammar.(that/which)指物:that/which(宾语,可省略)我所喜欢的科目是地理。我所喜欢的科目是地理。我不擅长的语法是定语从句。我不擅长的语法是定语从句。The subject(that/which)I am fond of is geography.The grammar(that/which)I am not good at is the attributive clause.

8、1.1.正在打篮球的正在打篮球的男生们来自一年级。男生们来自一年级。The boys are from Grade One.who/that are playing basketball2.照顾我姐姐的护士很善良。照顾我姐姐的护士很善良。The nurse is kind.who/that looks after my sisterWe watched the play“Teahouse”which/that was written by Lao She.3.我们观看那部戏是由老舍写的茶馆。我们观看那部戏是由老舍写的茶馆。4.你昨天所见的那个年轻人是个著名的作家。你昨天所见的那个年轻人是个著名

9、的作家。The young man(whom/that)you saw yesterday is a famous writer.5.一听到那个消息，那个名字叫一听到那个消息，那个名字叫 Tom 的男生刚才潸的男生刚才潸然泪下。然泪下。6.封皮是蓝色的那本书不见了。封皮是蓝色的那本书不见了。7.这就是我出生的村庄。这就是我出生的村庄。8.我永远不会忘记我哥哥参军的那一天。我永远不会忘记我哥哥参军的那一天。9.你相信他迟到的理由吗？你相信他迟到的理由吗？5.At the sound of the news,the boy whose name is Tom burst into tears ju

10、st now.6.The book whose cover is blue is missing.7.This is the village where I was born.8.I will never forget the day when my brother joined the army.9.Do you believe the reason why he was late?1.Whose 在引导定语从句时，在引导定语从句时，用作定语。用作定语。指人时：指人时：=the+n+of whom =of whom+the+n指物时：指物时：=the+n+of which =of which

11、+the+n Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu?Do you know the man the name of whom/of whom the name is Wang Yu?Mary lives in the house whose roof is red.Mary lives in the house the roof of which/of which the roof is red.1.The student _father works in the factory is sitting there.2.I like the room

12、s _windows face south.3.This is the desk _legs were broken.请问同学们：你能用别的方式改写吗？whosewhosewhose1.Yesterday she talked with one woman _ husband died in that accident.A.which B.whose C.of which D.thatB2.Last week，we watched Beijing Opera，_ style was unfamiliar to most of us.A what B whichC where D whoseD3

13、.Many children，_ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.A their B whoseC of them D with whomB2.2.只用只用 WhichWhich 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。常规情况下：常规情况下：whichwhich 在从句做在从句做主语主语或或宾语，宾语，但介词提前时，只用但介词提前时，只用 whichwhich。The building which/that stands near the river is our school.

14、(主语）主语）This is the book(which/that)you want.（宾语）（宾语）The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.（宾语）（宾语）注意：注意：whom,which 作介词宾语时，介词一般可放作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在关系代词之前，也可放在原来的位置上；但是在关系代词之前，也可放在原来的位置上；但是在含有在含有介词的动词固定词组介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。来的位置上。This is the person whom you are looking for.which

15、还可以引导非限制性定语从句，还可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子或者某个词。指代前面整个句子或者某个词。1.I have lost my pen,which I like very much.2.She was awarded a gold medal,which the whole family considered a great honor.3.She is always late for class,which makes the teacher angry.3 3、由、由 thatthat 引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。常规情况下：常规情况下：that 在从句中可以指在从句

16、中可以指人或物人或物，在从句中做，在从句中做主语或宾语。主语或宾语。但：但：1.that 不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。This is the school in that you will study.()This is the school in which you will study.()This is the school(which/that)you will study in.()2.that 也不可以引导非限制性定语从句。也不可以引导非限制性定语从句。1.We went to Mountain Tai last weekend，_，not surprisingly，was crowded with visitors.A that B whichC where D When2.There are altogether fiftysix students in our class，_ is a new comer from a faraway mountain village.A the most hardworking of who B of